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Marin, I., and Baker, B. S.
Marin, I., and Baker, B. S.

... housefly, sex determination is controlled by a masculinizing Ylinked gene (M ). These strains are thus XY:XX. However, in other natural populations of this species, the chromosomes of males and females are indistinguishable. It has been genetically demonstrated that in males of those strains, M is a ...
meiosis - WordPress.com
meiosis - WordPress.com

... XY chromosome - male ...
Discovery of MLL1 binding units, their localization to CpG Islands
Discovery of MLL1 binding units, their localization to CpG Islands

... Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Application and interpretation of FISH in biomarker studies Jane Bayani Mini-review
Application and interpretation of FISH in biomarker studies Jane Bayani Mini-review

... subtype, tumour stage/grade, immunohistochemical makers; or to clinical parameters such as response to treatment, outcome, disease-free interval, time to recurrence. A general sequence of events during the progression of carcinogenesis is depicted with the loss of a tumour suppressor gene or formati ...
Signed Reversal Distance
Signed Reversal Distance

... segments in which segments of bands had clearly been inverted (Fig. 2). A chromosomal segment inversion, or reversal, occurs when an interval of DNA coils into a loop-de-loop and the endpoints of the interval trade bonds (Fig. 3). Reversals are now known to be one of a variety of structural genomic ...
Drosophila Genetics
Drosophila Genetics

... (L) and right (R). Each chromosome arm is numbered as follows: X (1-20), 2L (21-40), 2R (41-60), 3L (61-80), 3R (81-100), and chromosome 4 (101-102). Each chromosome arm is also numbered by recombination units, thus allowing one to know the expected recombination frequency between two genes located ...
Alzheimer`s Disease Genetics Fact Sheet
Alzheimer`s Disease Genetics Fact Sheet

... our 23 pairs of chromosomes. A chromosome is a thread-like structure found in the cell’s nucleus, which can carry hundreds, sometimes thousands, of genes. In humans, one of each pair of 23 chromosomes is inherited from each parent. The genetic material on these chromosomes is collectively referred t ...
Solid Tumour Section Soft tissue tumors: t(1;13)(p36;q14) in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Solid Tumour Section Soft tissue tumors: t(1;13)(p36;q14) in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

... whereas a recent study with small numbers suggested that localized t(1;13) tumors had a better outcome than those with localized t(2;13) tumors. Among patients presenting with metastatic disease, those with t(1;13)positive tumors had a significantly better outcome than those with t(2;13)-positive tu ...
Divergence with Gene Flow: Models and Data
Divergence with Gene Flow: Models and Data

... The BDM model invokes two mechanisms for preventing the spread of alleles that have become fixed in one population into the other population. The first is geographic separation, and the second, which kicks in when hybrids are produced, is epistatic incompatibility between alleles that have become fixed ...
Nerve activates contraction
Nerve activates contraction

... Breakage of a chromosome can lead to four types of changes in chromosome structure. A deletion - chromosome fragment lacking a centromere is lost during cell division. A duplication -a fragment becomes attached as an extra segment to a sister chromatid. ...
nar-02451-data-e-201
nar-02451-data-e-201

... methylated human genes and diseases from any free text without restriction to specific diseases. DEMGD consists of four components. The first is the text pre-processing component in which DEMGD splits free text into sentences, extracts genes, diseases and methylation words using dictionaries. The se ...
Genetics of male subfertility: consequences for the clinical work-up
Genetics of male subfertility: consequences for the clinical work-up

... (Yqll). A variety of spermatogenic defects have been associated with microdeletions of these regions. The corresponding gene locus is known as azoospermia factor (AZF). In the first report of the presence of such a locus (Tiepolo and Zuffardi, 1976) 1170 subfertile men were karyotyped, of whom six a ...
Print - Circulation Research
Print - Circulation Research

... One of the most interesting aspects of nonmuscle myosin function is the role it may play in smooth muscle cell proliferation. Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle is a cardinal feature of atheroscleroSiS.18 In addition, it has been implicated in the development of restenosis after angioplasty of ...
Identification of novel endogenous antisense transcripts by DNA
Identification of novel endogenous antisense transcripts by DNA

... Additional file 5). This result implies that NATs detected by microarray analysis using AFAS probes are transcribed in vivo. We also analyzed the expression of Aard (alanine- and arginine-rich domain-containing protein), which is a functionally uncharacterized gene but is known to be expressed withi ...
Protein expression in plastids Peter B Heifetz* and Ann Marie Tuttle
Protein expression in plastids Peter B Heifetz* and Ann Marie Tuttle

... elements recognized by the nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase (NEP) bear little similarity to eubacterial or PEP promoters [23] and require one or more specificity factors for their correct interaction with the polymerase [24]. Plastid genes can have only PEP promoters, only NEP promoters, or hybrid pro ...
Hair Color is a Heritable Trait
Hair Color is a Heritable Trait

... variants is highly dependent on ‘genetic context’ • Effects depend upon what other genes are doing ...
Phenotypic overlap in the contribution of individual genes to CNV
Phenotypic overlap in the contribution of individual genes to CNV

... can be leveraged to understand the consequences of human mutation and functionally dissect the human genome. The barrier to computational use of these data has been the disparate and nonstandardized way of describing human phenotypic data, which has traditionally relied on free text or terminologies ...
Spider Syndrome - OSU Fact Sheets
Spider Syndrome - OSU Fact Sheets

... to the sex of the individual; these are called sex linked. Other genes, such as eye color, hair color, etc., are not related to an individual’s sex. These are called autosomal genes. An autosomal genetic trait can, therefore, be found in both the male and female. ...
Distinct functions of two olfactory marker protein genes derived from
Distinct functions of two olfactory marker protein genes derived from

... Three typical fates of duplicated genes are known: pseudogenization, neofunctionalization, and subfunctionalization [3, 18, 19]. There is another fate of duplicated genes, in which gene duplication simply increases the amount of products as represented by the ribosomal DNA genes [40]. However, this ...
A rare and atypical female pseudohermaphroditism with phallic
A rare and atypical female pseudohermaphroditism with phallic

... Adrenal tumor, ingestion of the virilizing progestine compounds, ovarian tumor, and luteoma of pregnancy (an ovarian pseudotumor which disappears after pregnancy) are some of the factors which cause increased level of androgens in the mother during gestation leading to female pseudohermaphroditism[8 ...
WORD - ctahr
WORD - ctahr

... species, it has been shown that the genes required for nodulation (nod) and nitrogen fixation (nif) are located on large plasmids (12). The nitrogenase enzyme complex is composed of two enzymes, nitrogenase (Mo-Fe protein) and nitrogenase reductase (Fe protein). The Mo-Fe protein is composed of two ...
Genetics Test - adaptedcurriculumresources
Genetics Test - adaptedcurriculumresources

... a. heterozygous. b. tall. c. homozygous. ____ 15. A heterozygous organism has a. three different alleles for a trait. b. two identical alleles for a trait. c. only one allele for a trait. ...
Classical Genetics - Morinville Community High School
Classical Genetics - Morinville Community High School

... of humans such as baldness, eye color, color blindness and blood types. However, other characters such as size and position of eyes, number and shape of fingers, total body size and body proportion may also be genetically determined (although such characters as body size may be profoundly influenced ...
Genetics basics bell ringer
Genetics basics bell ringer

... (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would be tall? _______ % (d) What is the probability that a plant would be short? _______ % 2. Predict the offspring from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants. (a) Give the genoty ...
Analyses of human–chimpanzee orthologous gene
Analyses of human–chimpanzee orthologous gene

... and the great apes) that possibly affect selection on the pathways that govern aging (Kirkwood and Austad, 2000). Even if such hypothesis is correct, however, and even though it is clear that genetic alterations must be responsible for the delayed onset of aging in humans (Miller, 1999; de Magalhaes ...
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Genomic imprinting

Genomic imprinting is the epigenetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. If the allele inherited from the father is imprinted, it is thereby silenced, and only the allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is expressed. Forms of genomic imprinting have been demonstrated in fungi, plants and animals. Genomic imprinting is a fairly rare phenomenon in mammals; most genes are not imprinted.In insects, imprinting affects entire chromosomes. In some insects the entire paternal genome is silenced in male offspring, and thus is involved in sex determination. The imprinting produces effects similar to the mechanisms in other insects that eliminate paternally inherited chromosomes in male offspring, including arrhenotoky.Genomic imprinting is an inheritance process independent of the classical Mendelian inheritance. It is an epigenetic process that involves DNA methylation and histone methylation without altering the genetic sequence. These epigenetic marks are established (""imprinted"") in the germline (sperm or egg cells) of the parents and are maintained through mitotic cell divisions in the somatic cells of an organism.Appropriate imprinting of certain genes is important for normal development. Human diseases involving genomic imprinting include Angelman syndrome and Prader–Willi syndrome.
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