Endogenous Cerberus activity is required for anterior head
... induce a complete secondary body axis including head, whereas the late organizer can only induce trunk-tail structures (Spemann, 1931). This led to the concept of two organizing centers: the head and the trunk-tail organizers. Recently, molecules that are expressed in the Spemann’s organizer have be ...
... induce a complete secondary body axis including head, whereas the late organizer can only induce trunk-tail structures (Spemann, 1931). This led to the concept of two organizing centers: the head and the trunk-tail organizers. Recently, molecules that are expressed in the Spemann’s organizer have be ...
出國報告電子檔規格
... DNA copy number alterations including chromosomal amplification, deletion and aneuploidy are the hallmarks of neoplasia (19). Amplification is one of the mechanisms that leads to an increase in activity of oncogenes and development of drug resistance (20, 21), while allelic deletion results in inact ...
... DNA copy number alterations including chromosomal amplification, deletion and aneuploidy are the hallmarks of neoplasia (19). Amplification is one of the mechanisms that leads to an increase in activity of oncogenes and development of drug resistance (20, 21), while allelic deletion results in inact ...
Fanconi anemia and RAD50 deficiency: genetic and functional
... of this thesis is directed at the molecular, cellular and clinical aspects of two groups of inherited diseases that serve as models for the elucidation of causes and consequences of genetic instability. The genes whose defects cause these diseases are referred to as “caretaker” genes since they appe ...
... of this thesis is directed at the molecular, cellular and clinical aspects of two groups of inherited diseases that serve as models for the elucidation of causes and consequences of genetic instability. The genes whose defects cause these diseases are referred to as “caretaker” genes since they appe ...
Using genetic markers to orient the edges in quantitative trait
... least some of the edges in a trait network as ‘edge orienting’. Experimental edge orienting methods include genetically modified organisms (e.g. transgenics), viral-mediated over-expression of genes, and chemical perturbations of genes. Edge orienting methods can also be based on various approaches ...
... least some of the edges in a trait network as ‘edge orienting’. Experimental edge orienting methods include genetically modified organisms (e.g. transgenics), viral-mediated over-expression of genes, and chemical perturbations of genes. Edge orienting methods can also be based on various approaches ...
Non-cell-autonomous regulation of root hair patterning genes by
... temporal/spatial changes. To distinguish between these two possibilities we focused on the spatial expression of CPC and GL2 in roots using established promoter:GUS marker lines (Fig. 3). In the wild type, CPC was expressed in the non-root hair files that can be recognized as continuous GUS-labelled ...
... temporal/spatial changes. To distinguish between these two possibilities we focused on the spatial expression of CPC and GL2 in roots using established promoter:GUS marker lines (Fig. 3). In the wild type, CPC was expressed in the non-root hair files that can be recognized as continuous GUS-labelled ...
Premature stop codons involved in muscular dystrophies
... nucleotide context, and differs between patients. Several reasons indicated an investigation of gentamicin: its effect on readthrough is the best documented to date, and it is known to present a much lower toxicity than other suppressive molecules like G418.3 Moreover, this antibiotic is currently u ...
... nucleotide context, and differs between patients. Several reasons indicated an investigation of gentamicin: its effect on readthrough is the best documented to date, and it is known to present a much lower toxicity than other suppressive molecules like G418.3 Moreover, this antibiotic is currently u ...
1 Direct evidence that genetic variation in glycerol-3
... and pathways. Here we evaluate the effects of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh) and cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (Mdh1) genotype activity on adult tolerance to ethanol. We have created a set of P-element excision-derived Gpdh, Mdh1, and Adh alleles that generate a range of activity phenoty ...
... and pathways. Here we evaluate the effects of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh) and cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (Mdh1) genotype activity on adult tolerance to ethanol. We have created a set of P-element excision-derived Gpdh, Mdh1, and Adh alleles that generate a range of activity phenoty ...
36 The Roots of Narcissus: Old and New Models of the Evolution of
... genotypes, with different people having more or less potential to become narcissistic because of their genetic endowment. The expression of narcissistic tendencies, however, depends on en vironmental contingencies. The development of a narcissistic phenotype may depend upon ...
... genotypes, with different people having more or less potential to become narcissistic because of their genetic endowment. The expression of narcissistic tendencies, however, depends on en vironmental contingencies. The development of a narcissistic phenotype may depend upon ...
CHAPTER 6 Gregor Mendel and Genetics
... heterozygote organism that inherits two different alleles for a given gene homozygote organism that inherits two alleles of the same type for a given gene hybrid offspring that results from a cross between two different types of parents law of independent assortment Mendel’s second law stating that ...
... heterozygote organism that inherits two different alleles for a given gene homozygote organism that inherits two alleles of the same type for a given gene hybrid offspring that results from a cross between two different types of parents law of independent assortment Mendel’s second law stating that ...
Chapter 4 - DORAS
... of M63 minimal media (section 2.2). These M63 cultures were then incubated at 37oC overnight and used to seed the M63 bioassays. To prepare the bioassays, M63 agar (25 ml) supplemented with 100 μM of the iron chelator 2,2′-dipyridyl, the appropriate antibiotics and 1 mM IPTG was solidified in a Petr ...
... of M63 minimal media (section 2.2). These M63 cultures were then incubated at 37oC overnight and used to seed the M63 bioassays. To prepare the bioassays, M63 agar (25 ml) supplemented with 100 μM of the iron chelator 2,2′-dipyridyl, the appropriate antibiotics and 1 mM IPTG was solidified in a Petr ...
Cotyledon organogenesis - Journal of Experimental Botany
... Cotyledons exist across the plant kingdom in gymnosperms, monocots, and eudicots. A distinction should be made here between dicots as a group, containing all plants with two cotyledons, where the term dicot is used as a form of morphology only, and the eudicots, a monophyletic phyllogenetic group co ...
... Cotyledons exist across the plant kingdom in gymnosperms, monocots, and eudicots. A distinction should be made here between dicots as a group, containing all plants with two cotyledons, where the term dicot is used as a form of morphology only, and the eudicots, a monophyletic phyllogenetic group co ...
Laboratory manual for the diagnosis of whooping cough caused by... pertussis/ Bordetella parapertussis
... preparations that contain 1–5 different components of B. pertussis. These are usually given in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed on aluminium salts (DTwP or DTaP). In terms of severe adverse effects aP and wP vaccines appear to have the same high level of safety; reactions are ...
... preparations that contain 1–5 different components of B. pertussis. These are usually given in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed on aluminium salts (DTwP or DTaP). In terms of severe adverse effects aP and wP vaccines appear to have the same high level of safety; reactions are ...
Adaptation of Drosophila to a novel laboratory environment reveals
... whereas adaptation decelerated markedly (Barrick et al. 2009). In contrast, allele frequency changes (AFCs), rather than new mutations, fuel experimental evolution in multicellular organisms (Burke et al. 2010). In these organisms, the experimenter subjects polymorphic experimental populations to ei ...
... whereas adaptation decelerated markedly (Barrick et al. 2009). In contrast, allele frequency changes (AFCs), rather than new mutations, fuel experimental evolution in multicellular organisms (Burke et al. 2010). In these organisms, the experimenter subjects polymorphic experimental populations to ei ...
Load-balanced CDS construction in wireless sensor networks via
... Backbone (VB) to alleviate the broadcasting storm thus improving the performance and increase the efficiency of routing protocols in WSNs. A Dominating Set (DS) is defined as a subset of nodes in a WSN such that each node in the network is either in the set or adjacent to some node in the set. If th ...
... Backbone (VB) to alleviate the broadcasting storm thus improving the performance and increase the efficiency of routing protocols in WSNs. A Dominating Set (DS) is defined as a subset of nodes in a WSN such that each node in the network is either in the set or adjacent to some node in the set. If th ...
Tumour necrosis factor and lymphotoxin A progression? EDITORIAL
... pulmonologists observe subjects who claim they have never smoked in their life but who have developed COPD. It is possible that within this type of subject, genes other than those that are important for the development of COPD in smokers play a role. Therefore, we advocate additional studies on the ...
... pulmonologists observe subjects who claim they have never smoked in their life but who have developed COPD. It is possible that within this type of subject, genes other than those that are important for the development of COPD in smokers play a role. Therefore, we advocate additional studies on the ...
Distribution of orphan metabolic activities
... and it became difficult to publish a manuscript without reporting the sequenced gene for a new activity. Distribution of orphan activities across the biochemical space What is the distribution of orphan activities across the enzymatic functional space? One possibility is that orphan activities are p ...
... and it became difficult to publish a manuscript without reporting the sequenced gene for a new activity. Distribution of orphan activities across the biochemical space What is the distribution of orphan activities across the enzymatic functional space? One possibility is that orphan activities are p ...
Molecular Identification of Vibrio harveyi From Larval Stage of
... A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and halophilic bacterium identified as Vibrio harveyi was isolated from hatchery-reared larval of Iran Shrimp Research Centerfollowing mass mortality . Seven isolates of Vibrio spp.were collected from nauplii of Litopenaeus vannamei and then were evaluated for cha ...
... A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and halophilic bacterium identified as Vibrio harveyi was isolated from hatchery-reared larval of Iran Shrimp Research Centerfollowing mass mortality . Seven isolates of Vibrio spp.were collected from nauplii of Litopenaeus vannamei and then were evaluated for cha ...
Comparative gene mapping in Arabidopsis lyrata chromosomes 6
... Before one can compare genetic maps between two species, it is, however, essential to understand the arrangement of their genes. It should also be possible, using a combination of genetic mapping and molecular cytogenetics, to understand in detail the rearrangements that have led to the evolution of ...
... Before one can compare genetic maps between two species, it is, however, essential to understand the arrangement of their genes. It should also be possible, using a combination of genetic mapping and molecular cytogenetics, to understand in detail the rearrangements that have led to the evolution of ...
Basic Mendellian Genetic
... meiosis was finally understood in the early 1900's. Mendel, at the time of his studies, did not know that chromosomes even existed, much less the genes found on them, and yet he was able to describe the way that genes are carried on chromosomes, and how they combine to create whole organisms. One of ...
... meiosis was finally understood in the early 1900's. Mendel, at the time of his studies, did not know that chromosomes even existed, much less the genes found on them, and yet he was able to describe the way that genes are carried on chromosomes, and how they combine to create whole organisms. One of ...
Gene Section LMO2 (LIM domain only 2 (rhombotin-like 1))
... Hematopoiesis: LMO2 directly interacts with the basicloop-helix protein TAL1/SCL and the GATA DNA protein GATA1. They form a transcriptional complex: LMO2 has no direct evidence in DNA binding capacity but could act as a bridging molecule bringing together different DNA binding factors (TAL1, LDB1, ...
... Hematopoiesis: LMO2 directly interacts with the basicloop-helix protein TAL1/SCL and the GATA DNA protein GATA1. They form a transcriptional complex: LMO2 has no direct evidence in DNA binding capacity but could act as a bridging molecule bringing together different DNA binding factors (TAL1, LDB1, ...
Synapsis-Mediated Fusion of Free DNA Ends Forms Inverted Dimer Plasmids in Yeast.
... of these conditions, transformation yields witheither closed circular or linearized plasmidDNA are substantially increased, presumably by allowing time for plasmid gene expression prior to cell starvation. Furthermore,under these conditions, transformation with a plasmid containing the URA3, LEU2 an ...
... of these conditions, transformation yields witheither closed circular or linearized plasmidDNA are substantially increased, presumably by allowing time for plasmid gene expression prior to cell starvation. Furthermore,under these conditions, transformation with a plasmid containing the URA3, LEU2 an ...
Neurospora - DiVA portal
... puzzle required to understand the evolution of the sexual reproductive system, including gene evolution, and further strengthen Neurospora as a model for research in evolutionary biology. ...
... puzzle required to understand the evolution of the sexual reproductive system, including gene evolution, and further strengthen Neurospora as a model for research in evolutionary biology. ...
Five components of the ethylene-response pathway
... and wei4 are dominant mutations, whereas wei5 is a semidominant mutation. The phenotypic responses of wild type, wei mutants, and ein5 to different concentrations of the ethylene precursor ACC were compared (Fig. 1B). In the absence of the hormone, the mutant plants were indistinguishable from wild ...
... and wei4 are dominant mutations, whereas wei5 is a semidominant mutation. The phenotypic responses of wild type, wei mutants, and ein5 to different concentrations of the ethylene precursor ACC were compared (Fig. 1B). In the absence of the hormone, the mutant plants were indistinguishable from wild ...
Mapping of QTL for body conformation and behavior in cattle
... genome across all autosomes and the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes. The average marker interval was 13.9 cM and ranged from 6.0 cM (chromosome 23) to 23.2 cM (chromosome 9) on individual chromosomes (Table 2). A total of 60 QTL with chromosome-wise significance (5% level) were identif ...
... genome across all autosomes and the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes. The average marker interval was 13.9 cM and ranged from 6.0 cM (chromosome 23) to 23.2 cM (chromosome 9) on individual chromosomes (Table 2). A total of 60 QTL with chromosome-wise significance (5% level) were identif ...
Mendelian Genetics
... 1 Phenotypic traits are controlled by pairs of genes which act as individual units of inheritance 2 In genes that have multiple alleles (variations) the presence of some traits, called dominant traits, mask the presence of recessive traits 3 Gene pairs segregate randomly during gamete formation with ...
... 1 Phenotypic traits are controlled by pairs of genes which act as individual units of inheritance 2 In genes that have multiple alleles (variations) the presence of some traits, called dominant traits, mask the presence of recessive traits 3 Gene pairs segregate randomly during gamete formation with ...