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5. Why are there several children with Down syndrome in my family?
5. Why are there several children with Down syndrome in my family?

... Down syndrome can be caused by the three copies of chromosome 21 all remaining as separate copies ( trisomy 21) or can be caused by a Robertsonian translocation where the third copy of chromosome 21 is joined end to end with another chromosome (only chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 or 22 are involved in R ...
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... 1. The offspring of two parents obtains a single copy of every gene from each parent. 2. A gamete must contain one complete set of genes. 3. Genes are located at specific positions on spindles. 4. A pair of corresponding chromosomes is homozygous. 5. One member of each homologous chromosome pair com ...
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Inheritance notes - Shawlands Academy

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Dragon Genetics

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Making Genetically-Identical Cells The Somatic Cell Cycle

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Chapter 6 - Lemon Bay High School
Chapter 6 - Lemon Bay High School

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Y chromosome



The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in mammals, including humans, and many other animals. The other is the X chromosome. Y is the sex-determining chromosome in many species, since it is the presence or absence of Y that determines the male or female sex of offspring produced in sexual reproduction. In mammals, the Y chromosome contains the gene SRY, which triggers testis development. The DNA in the human Y chromosome is composed of about 59 million base pairs. The Y chromosome is passed only from father to son. With a 30% difference between humans and chimpanzees, the Y chromosome is one of the fastest evolving parts of the human genome. To date, over 200 Y-linked genes have been identified. All Y-linked genes are expressed and (apart from duplicated genes) hemizygous (present on only one chromosome) except in the cases of aneuploidy such as XYY syndrome or XXYY syndrome. (See Y linkage.)
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