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ics854104a.pdf
ics854104a.pdf

... While the information presented herein has been checked for both accuracy and reliability, Integrated Device Technology, Incorporated (IDT) assumes no responsibility for either its use or for infringement of any patents or other rights of third parties, which would result from its use. No other circ ...
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... within a very wide range. In most of the circuits, it is not necessary to use resistors of exact values. Even if a resistor in a circuit has a value which differs from the desired value by as much as 20% the circuit still works quiet satisfactorily. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture resi ...
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... The TPS2421 device provides highly integrated hot swap power management and superior protection in applications where the load is powered by busses up to 20 V. The TPS2421 device is well suited to standard bus voltages as low as 3.3 V because of the maximum-UV turnon threshold of 2.9 V. These device ...
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... MOSFETS, however, demonstrate dramatically short switching times. State of the art 25V-250V MOSFETs are capable of switching thourgh the linear region within a few nano-seconds (<10ns), depending on the specific product. The period of linear mode operation is usually as short as a few ns for MOSFETs ...
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... level of the signal is made (bottom of synch. top for CVBS or black level for RGB signals). Each nominal gain between any input and output is 6.5dB. For D2MAC or Chroma signal the alignment is switched off by forcing, with an external resistor bridge, 5 VDC on the input. Each input can be used as a ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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