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Applying Removable Conductor Bushings to Existing and New
Applying Removable Conductor Bushings to Existing and New

Service tips - ElektroTanya
Service tips - ElektroTanya

... replacement of the microprocessor or the text board, these have been either no teletext operation, no remote control functions, the television will not come out of the standby mode or even a description of a tripping type fault. In most cases it has been found that the cause of the problem is due to ...
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... Summary The TJA1055T is an advanced fault-tolerant CAN transceiver primarily intended for low-speed applications up to 125kBd in passenger cars. Besides the differential receive and transmit capability the transceiver provides single-wire transmitter and/or receiver in error conditions. The TJA1055T ...
Practical Strain Gage Measurements
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... crystals has also been used to measure strain. When a crystal strain gage is deformed or strained, a voltage difference is developed across the face of the crystal. This voltage difference is proportional to the strain and is of a relatively high magnitude. Crystal strain gages are, however, fairly ...
Catalogue 2014-15 Inside
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... Consider us a “ONE STOP SHOP” for all your needs for measuring electrical and electronic parameters, from simple Voltmeters & Ammeters to Oscilloscopes and Spectrum Analyzers to High Voltage Testing equipment. Backed by years of accumulated experience, quality and acumen, the METRAVI brand is an all ...
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OrCAD PSpice A/D - School of Electrical Engineering and Computer
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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