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EE101-Lect8-Op Amps
EE101-Lect8-Op Amps

An Application of the Inverting Integrator
An Application of the Inverting Integrator

Circuit Theory
Circuit Theory

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Resources and Schedules - Senior Design

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5000A-100 - Innovations in Optics
5000A-100 - Innovations in Optics

... notice. IOI assumes no liability for errors that may appear in this document, and no liability otherwise arising from the application or use of the product or information contained herein. None of the information provided herein should be considered to be a representation of the fitness or suitabili ...
Basic Components
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... • The voltage used in power calculations in ac is the equivalent dc voltage value that would do the same amount of work (or heat). • A simple average of ac voltage is not quite good enough. • A weighted average called Root Mean Square (RMS) is more accurate. ...
experiment 2-3 full
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RC circuit
RC circuit

... circuit and the RLC circuit with the abbreviations indicating which components are used. These circuits, between them, exhibit a large number of important types of behaviour that are fundamental to much of analog electronics. In particular, they are able to act as passive filters. This article consi ...
AC power source
AC power source

... via a thyristor controlled rectifier bridge, to a square wave arc voltage with excellent arc strike characteristics and with good welding properties. Submerged arc welding with heavy solid wires requires a power source of high capacity. The TAF square wave power sources, make use of the advantages o ...
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DC385 - LTC1778EGN Evaluation Kit Quick Start Guide

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view - Meritnation

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PC795 - Picker Components

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electrical current

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A New Era for the Ampere
A New Era for the Ampere

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Final Exam W0809
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... If the feedback factor β is independent of frequency, find (i) The frequency at which the phase margin of the loop gain function A(s)  is zero (i.e., the angle of A(s)  is 180 degrees). (ii) The critical value of β at which oscillation will commence. Q.5: The schematic below shows a typical two-st ...
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... across an electrical component of resistance R that has a current I through it is given by V=IR. In this lab current will be varied through a resistor R, and the resulting voltage drop will be measured across the resistor. Materials: various resistors, wires with alligator clips, digital multimeters ...
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Series Resistance etc

...  The unwanted filtering produced by the pipette capacitance can be minimized by increasing the pipette tip diameter and thereby decreasing Rp. Since this is not always an option, an alternative is to accomplish this electronically by injecting a current at the input of the patch amplifier (point 1 ...
NE5532,NE5532A Texas Instruments Datasheet
NE5532,NE5532A Texas Instruments Datasheet

... any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order ...
< 1 ... 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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