3 - TI Specialty
... leading to failure. High voltage spikes induced by a malfunctioning alternator or voltage regulator will fail the circuit protection device mounted on the circuit board. However, the amplifier is constructed so it can be serviced. Faulty components can be identified and replaced since the circuit bo ...
... leading to failure. High voltage spikes induced by a malfunctioning alternator or voltage regulator will fail the circuit protection device mounted on the circuit board. However, the amplifier is constructed so it can be serviced. Faulty components can be identified and replaced since the circuit bo ...
Electromagnetic compatibility of power converters
... Start but oscillations with a wrong output voltage (usually too low). ...
... Start but oscillations with a wrong output voltage (usually too low). ...
Capacitor and EMI Considerations for New High Frequency
... FCC methods, and supply line noise often show almost no change when the switcher is turned off. The second reason for reduced high frequency switcher noise problems is that the components used are physically smaller. Radiated noise is proportional to radiating line length, so smaller, tightly packed ...
... FCC methods, and supply line noise often show almost no change when the switcher is turned off. The second reason for reduced high frequency switcher noise problems is that the components used are physically smaller. Radiated noise is proportional to radiating line length, so smaller, tightly packed ...
V/F Converter ICs Handle Frequency-to-Voltage Needs
... The LM331 can handle frequencies up to 100 kHz by utilizing smaller-value capacitors as shown in Figure 5 . This circuit increases the current at pin 2 to facilitate high-speed switching, but, despite these speed-ups, the LM331’s 500 ppm/§ C TC at 100 kHz causes problems because of switching speed s ...
... The LM331 can handle frequencies up to 100 kHz by utilizing smaller-value capacitors as shown in Figure 5 . This circuit increases the current at pin 2 to facilitate high-speed switching, but, despite these speed-ups, the LM331’s 500 ppm/§ C TC at 100 kHz causes problems because of switching speed s ...
Section 13. Integrating DDS-based Hardware into a System Environment
... Power supplies Most DDS devices will also have multiple supply pins labeled as “analog supply” and “digital supply” which identifies the nature of the stage that the individual pin is powering. It is recommended that separate analog and digital power supplies be used to power the associated pins. Th ...
... Power supplies Most DDS devices will also have multiple supply pins labeled as “analog supply” and “digital supply” which identifies the nature of the stage that the individual pin is powering. It is recommended that separate analog and digital power supplies be used to power the associated pins. Th ...
Photo electric
... is above the threshold frequency, electrons are emitted almost immediately even if the light intensity is very small. These facts cannot be explained on a classical basis in which the light is considered to be oscillating electric and magnetic fields. In 1905 Albert Einstein explained this mystery b ...
... is above the threshold frequency, electrons are emitted almost immediately even if the light intensity is very small. These facts cannot be explained on a classical basis in which the light is considered to be oscillating electric and magnetic fields. In 1905 Albert Einstein explained this mystery b ...
Alternating Current Circuits
... Where (W) = the loss in watts, (I) = the current in amps on the conductor, and (R) = the resistance in ohms. It requires much larger equipment and conductors to deliver the a certain amount of power at a low power factor than at a high power factor (close to 1). In industrial plants a low power fact ...
... Where (W) = the loss in watts, (I) = the current in amps on the conductor, and (R) = the resistance in ohms. It requires much larger equipment and conductors to deliver the a certain amount of power at a low power factor than at a high power factor (close to 1). In industrial plants a low power fact ...
Episode 123 - Teaching Advanced Physics
... Ask the class what the average value of an ac voltage or current is over a whole number of cycles. It is obviously zero. So how can ac transfer energy? Remind them that power is calculated by P = IV and point out that both I and V change sign together, so power is always positive but varies over the ...
... Ask the class what the average value of an ac voltage or current is over a whole number of cycles. It is obviously zero. So how can ac transfer energy? Remind them that power is calculated by P = IV and point out that both I and V change sign together, so power is always positive but varies over the ...
DN-63 The Current-Doubler Rectifier: An Alternative Rectification
... where usually full-wave rectification is required on the secondary side of the transformers. Converters using the current-doubler rectifier can achieve lower and better distributed power dissipation and smaller size in the magnetic components. The common property of the push-pull, half-bridge and br ...
... where usually full-wave rectification is required on the secondary side of the transformers. Converters using the current-doubler rectifier can achieve lower and better distributed power dissipation and smaller size in the magnetic components. The common property of the push-pull, half-bridge and br ...
phys1444-lec9
... • What happens when the switch S is closed? – Current immediately starts flowing through the circuit. – Electrons flow out of negative terminal of the emf source, through the resistor R and accumulate on the upper plate of the capacitor – The electrons from the bottom plate of the capacitor will flo ...
... • What happens when the switch S is closed? – Current immediately starts flowing through the circuit. – Electrons flow out of negative terminal of the emf source, through the resistor R and accumulate on the upper plate of the capacitor – The electrons from the bottom plate of the capacitor will flo ...
DC Circuits (www.bzupages.com)
... Consider the network of resistors shown. Answer qualitatively: (a) What happens to the voltage across each resistor when the switch S is closed? (b) What happens to the current through each when the switch is closed? (c) What happens to the output of the battery when the switch is closed? (d) Let R1 ...
... Consider the network of resistors shown. Answer qualitatively: (a) What happens to the voltage across each resistor when the switch S is closed? (b) What happens to the current through each when the switch is closed? (c) What happens to the output of the battery when the switch is closed? (d) Let R1 ...
Electricity Review final - Hutchison
... 14 a) What electrical device is used to measure current? _____________________ b) What electrical device is used to measure voltage? _____________________ 15 a) What electrical device is connected in series in the circuit? _______________ b) What electrical device is connected in parallel in the cir ...
... 14 a) What electrical device is used to measure current? _____________________ b) What electrical device is used to measure voltage? _____________________ 15 a) What electrical device is connected in series in the circuit? _______________ b) What electrical device is connected in parallel in the cir ...
Why it`s smart to buy Energy Star
... bulbs. The screw in CFLs can be used in conventional lamp sockets. CFLs fit most lighting fixtures and come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Although CFLs have a higher initial cost, the cost to use them is lower than an incandescent bulb. Maintenance requirements are significantly fewer for CFLs b ...
... bulbs. The screw in CFLs can be used in conventional lamp sockets. CFLs fit most lighting fixtures and come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Although CFLs have a higher initial cost, the cost to use them is lower than an incandescent bulb. Maintenance requirements are significantly fewer for CFLs b ...
Chapter 11: Capacitive Transients, Pulse and
... switch is closed, the current jumps to E/R, then decays to zero. • At the instant of switching, the circuit looks like a short circuit. • The voltage across the capacitor begins at zero and gradually climbs to E volts. • The capacitor voltage cannot change ...
... switch is closed, the current jumps to E/R, then decays to zero. • At the instant of switching, the circuit looks like a short circuit. • The voltage across the capacitor begins at zero and gradually climbs to E volts. • The capacitor voltage cannot change ...
Resistive opto-isolator
Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.