• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Appendix A A Simple Approach to the Concept of Capacitance
Appendix A A Simple Approach to the Concept of Capacitance

... holes can act as negative and positive charge carriers, respectively, in the conductor. If then the semiconductor is "doped", that is, controlled amounts of a selected impurity are added, then the balance between the positive and negative mobile charge carriers can be upset and the conductivity of t ...
Solaira SHP High Power Control - Mor Electric Heating Assoc., Inc.
Solaira SHP High Power Control - Mor Electric Heating Assoc., Inc.

... locally. It is imperative that the enclosure be vented to allow for adequate air flow through the controller, inadequate airflow could cause the control fuses to not perform to their engineered specification. SOLAIRA SHP HIGH POWER CONTROLS utilize phase-angle firing to provide infinitly variable co ...
Lecture 23: NorCal 40A Power Amplifier. Thermal Modeling.
Lecture 23: NorCal 40A Power Amplifier. Thermal Modeling.

... © 2006 Keith W. Whites ...
Wireless World Sep 1996 - Keith
Wireless World Sep 1996 - Keith

AP3983E - Diodes Incorporated
AP3983E - Diodes Incorporated

Audio and Sound Control
Audio and Sound Control

... Unidirectional: pick up of sound from one direction Omnidirection: The pick up of sound from all directions ...
LED Light Emission as a function of thermal boundary conditions
LED Light Emission as a function of thermal boundary conditions

... LED diode performance is a strong function of its temperature. In a typical use situation, a forward voltage or current is applied to the diode producing a luminous flux. This light intensity varies with the current. However, the forward voltage-current relationship is a function of the heat sink or ...
CMOS compatible Ion Sensitive Field Effect Measurement System
CMOS compatible Ion Sensitive Field Effect Measurement System

... prototype of pH measurement system: pH sensor and interface unit. The pH sensors, based on Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET), are designed and then fabricated used 6-inch silicon wafers by conventional CMOS process. As ion sensitive membrane, all transistors have 50nm high quality silico ...
Transil™, transient voltage surge suppressor
Transil™, transient voltage surge suppressor

product specificatie SMX1200LHG logo
product specificatie SMX1200LHG logo

DN82 - 5V to 3.3V Regulator with Fail-Safe Switchover
DN82 - 5V to 3.3V Regulator with Fail-Safe Switchover

... low voltage chips which are designed to replace existing 5V units. In the past a processor swap was simply a matter of removing one IC and replacing it with an updated version. But now the upgrade path involves switching from a 5V chip to one that requires 3.xxV. One means of changing supply voltage ...
Universal Voltage Conveyor and its Novel Dual-Output Fully
Universal Voltage Conveyor and its Novel Dual-Output Fully

... inverting voltage buffer (IVB), respectively. As it is known, the OTA converts the input voltage to output current while its intrinsic transconductance can easily be tuned via external bias voltage or current. This favorable feature was advantageously used for pole frequency tuning of VM APF in [11] ...
A novel square-root domain realization of first
A novel square-root domain realization of first

Energy and Power
Energy and Power

instructions to tenderers
instructions to tenderers

... Ambient humidity max.85% (no condensation) CIRCUIT BREAKER MODULE - protective device that in this trainer shall be used to disconnect the system of generation of wind energy from the mains. It must be also used as a security device for any failure or accidental short circuits. The module must be co ...
Electrical Resistance
Electrical Resistance

... An ammeter is used to measure the current flowing in a circuit. An ammeter is connected in series with the circuit elements, the current flowing through them is the same as that through the ammeter. A voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference [voltage] across a circuit element or across ...
The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the
The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the

... response. We will have much less reason to employ feedback in this circuit, and so we will not. Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. The Zen single-ended power amplifier idles at more than four times its output ra ...
BioE 1310 - Exam 1 2/18/2016 Answer Sheet
BioE 1310 - Exam 1 2/18/2016 Answer Sheet

DC1886A - LTC4232: 5A Integrated Hot Swap
DC1886A - LTC4232: 5A Integrated Hot Swap

... Current reaches the initial limit when FB is at zero. Once FB rises above approximately 100mV the current (and hence the output ramp rate) increases, however the timer expires before the output reaches its final value. The correct way to ensure successful power-up into an output capacitance greater ...
Exam 2
Exam 2

Electrical Circuits: Dressing smart
Electrical Circuits: Dressing smart

Alstom: 01B
Alstom: 01B

... Verify possible quenching of busbar cable next to quenched magnet(s), Analyse signal of quenched magnet for possible V oscillation. If present then: - detect if all diodes are still OK - perform HV test - connect 1 MHz data acq. system to sick magnet - perform quenches at reduced current Analysis sh ...
MTR_Pedro_WP2 - Indico
MTR_Pedro_WP2 - Indico

... range relating to the reference clock frequency.  Oscillator mode - the auto calibration logic can be used to quickly choose the VCXO parameters that have to be programmed in the Fuse-Bank to tune the oscillation frequency. ...
#2093
#2093

... The only controlled copy of this Data Sheet is the electronic read-only version located on the Cooper Bussmann Network Drive. All other copies of this document are by definition uncontrolled. This bulletin is intended to clearly present comprehensive product data and provide technical information th ...
FAN2512, FAN2513 150 mA CMOS LDO Regulators with Fast Start Enable Features
FAN2512, FAN2513 150 mA CMOS LDO Regulators with Fast Start Enable Features

... can range from approximately 180°C /W for one square inch to nearly 130°C /W for 4 square inches. The addition of backside copper with through-holes, stiffeners, and other enhancements can also aid in reducing this value. The heat contributed by the dissipation of other devices located nearby must b ...
< 1 ... 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report