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Lab7Procedure
Lab7Procedure

... The Schmitt Trigger adds hysteresis to the response of the op amp to an input boltage. This helps with control circuits by creating a deadband through which the voltage must travel before the circuit responds. (See the Op Amp reference above for a complete discussion.) The circuit values define an U ...
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RHA - Boston University
RHA - Boston University

Application of VFD in Condenser Pumps in Thermal Power Plant 1
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... two indicator lights, one for indication of live status and the other for indication of operation. The operation condition of the module can be known clearly. Power cells are multi-level modules in series. When one module fails, it will be bypassed automatically to enable to take corresponding measu ...
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physics_question bank - Kendriya Vidyalaya SAC, Vastrapur

... Potentiometer works on the null deflection method and virtually draws no current from the ckt. (hence behaves as infinite resistance voltmeter) To increase sensitivity of potentiometer its potential gradient should be decreases which can be achieved by (i)increasing length of the wire and (ii)decrea ...
Physics of pacing - Cardiac and Stroke Networks in Lancashire
Physics of pacing - Cardiac and Stroke Networks in Lancashire

... impedance) and the lead (source impedance) The bigger the difference/ratio the less attenuation of signal occurs Input impedances are large Source impedances – typically 400 - 1500Ω Impedance mismatch – clinically due to insulation or conductor failure – under or oversensing ...
Introduction To Current Source Power Units
Introduction To Current Source Power Units

... Introduction To Current Source Power Units The LIVM Sensor/Power Unit System In order to fully understand the purpose of current source power units, it will be necessary to first understand the operation of the low impedance voltage mode (LIVM) sensors with which the power units are designed to oper ...
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Yamaha Power Amplifier White Paper

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LTC5507 - 100kHz to 1GHz RF Power Detector.

... The internal RF Schottky diode peak detector and level shift amplifier converts the RF input signal to a low frequency signal. The frequency range of the RF pin is typically up to 1000MHz. The detector demonstrates excellent operation over a wide range of input power. The Schottky detector is biased ...
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Application Note - Adler Instrumentos

... low terminal should be directly connected to the case, as this is a ground connection. However, all of the other connections for the voltage source and the current measurement should be suitably insulated from the case. Also at this stage, any of the optional switches that are required should be mou ...
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... segments of the EEPROM that are not write protected within the SFP transceiver. The negative edge clocks data from the SFP transceiver. The serial data signal (SDA) is bi-directional for serial data transfer. The host uses SDA in conjunction with SCL to mark the start and end of serial protocol acti ...
Homework 6
Homework 6

... After guiding them to make an intelligent selection for their super-capacitors, IoT4eva was so happy with your performance that you got a promotion! The good news is that you’re getting paid more, but the "bad" news is that you have more responsibilities too. In particular, you are now responsible ...
Short Circuit
Short Circuit

... Upto 63A: Should not trip within 1 hour 3In, 5In & 10In, depending on B, C & D characteristics Instantaneous/Magnetic Tripping 10 times the rated current; Tripping time must comply with time current curve 100ms is the limit for trip time 6 times In (but not less than 150A) at Rated Voltage Icn 10In ...
电路笔记 CN-0007 利用 AD5380 DAC
电路笔记 CN-0007 利用 AD5380 DAC

EET 251 Unit 2 - Sinclair Community College
EET 251 Unit 2 - Sinclair Community College

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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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