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HP 432A POWER METER
HP 432A POWER METER

... DO NOT service or adjust alone: Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with the equipment switched off. To avoid dangerous electrical shock, service personnel must not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation, ...
Efficiency improvement with silicon carbide based power modules
Efficiency improvement with silicon carbide based power modules

... carbide) based Schottky diodes have been introduced into the market as discrete devices in standard TO-packages [1]. These new diodes have superior performance compared to Sibased devices mainly with respect to switching losses and thermal performance and are well established in up to 600V hard swit ...
LDO - kubodera.net
LDO - kubodera.net

... It shows decent regulation after a certain min voltage level, even better than i expected. You can decrease your 45mv to 36mv if you change your sense resistor to 0.20 ohms instead of 0.25 (if you can find one). You might even wish to try 0.1 ohms and adjust R4 to lower current. It was originally se ...
Subthreshold Dual Mode Logic
Subthreshold Dual Mode Logic

... promising method for ultralow power applications [1], [3]. Circuits, operating in the subthreshold region, utilize a supply voltage (VDD ) that is less than the threshold voltages of the transistors, which allows significant reduction of both dynamic and static power. However, an aggressive scaling ...
Study and Comparison of On-Chip LC Oscillators for Energy Recovery Clocking
Study and Comparison of On-Chip LC Oscillators for Energy Recovery Clocking

... Oscillators play an essential role in analog and digital systems. They are used for mixers and modulators in RF electronics and as clocks in digital electronics. Design of an oscillator is a non-trivial task and requires a lot of skill and experience. Difficulty arises because of the fact that we us ...
SCR Power Theory Training Manual
SCR Power Theory Training Manual

LTC5100 - 3.3V, 3.2Gbps VCSEL Driver.
LTC5100 - 3.3V, 3.2Gbps VCSEL Driver.

... the termination resistor according to IMOD = IMPP • RT/(RT + RLD), where RT is the value of the termination resistor and RLD is the dynamic resistance of the laser diode. ...
RF6285 数据资料DataSheet下载
RF6285 数据资料DataSheet下载

... Product Description The RF6285 is a high-power, high-efficiency multi-band linear amplifier module specifically designed for 3V handheld systems. This amplifier uses a balanced architecture which makes the PA load insensitive and therefore eliminates the need for isolators. The device is manufacture ...
FZT489 Features Mechanical Data
FZT489 Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
FZT491A Features Mechanical Data
FZT491A Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
Aalborg Universitet Connected Inverter Systems
Aalborg Universitet Connected Inverter Systems

Computer Control Fundamentals - Goodheart
Computer Control Fundamentals - Goodheart

... referred to as serial data or the data stream. The ECM operates output devices by turning them on and off. Output device operation is controlled by varying the length of time the device is operated, either by applying voltage or supplying ground. The length of time over which the signal or ground is ...
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Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics

... All matter is made up of countless tiny particles whizzing around. These particles are extremely dense; matter is mostly empty space. Matter seems continuous because the particles are so small, and they move incredibly fast. Even people of ancient times suspected that matter is made of invisible par ...
Adders - La Salle University
Adders - La Salle University

...  Recall that the highs and lows we are talking about are high and low voltages.  Voltage is the energy that a charge has.  When flowing through a circuit a charge must use up all of its voltage (energy) before returning home.  The charges divides its energy among the tasks at ...
AN10710 Features and applications of the P82B715 I C-bus extender
AN10710 Features and applications of the P82B715 I C-bus extender

... To avoid ringing/overshoot a cable needs to be terminated by its characteristic impedance, meaning 100  at each end, but that is much lower than the allowed pull-ups can provide. The practical alternative is to use relatively slow bus rise/fall times as produced by this buffer. 2. When building rel ...
Low Quiescent Current, Programmable Delay Supervisory Circuit
Low Quiescent Current, Programmable Delay Supervisory Circuit

... delay time can be set to 20 ms by disconnecting the CT pin, 300 ms by connecting the CT pin to VDD using a resistor, or can be user-adjusted between 1.25 ms and 10 s by connecting the CT pin to an external capacitor. The TPS3808 has a very low typical quiescent current of 2.4 μA, so it is well-suite ...
Thank you for purchasing ZTW Electronic Speed Controller(ESC
Thank you for purchasing ZTW Electronic Speed Controller(ESC

AD9601 10-Bit, 200 MSPS/250 MSPS 1.8 V Analog-to
AD9601 10-Bit, 200 MSPS/250 MSPS 1.8 V Analog-to

AN84 - Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume IV
AN84 - Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume IV

... and to track it up to a maximum of fMAX = 2 • fMIN. A logic signal may also be coupled to PLL LPF to effect a 2:1 frequency shift, provided that the initial frequency has been set to less than 200kHz. ...
A Better Antenna Balun
A Better Antenna Balun

... The horizontal line near the bottom of the chart is the upper bound of the current balun’s operating region, showing that the current balun is effective when R2 < 0.1 |ZW|, irrespective of the value of R1. (Although the current balun is able to drive highimpedance loads that are situated near the X- ...
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures

Wireless Microphone system - JTS
Wireless Microphone system - JTS

SAM Series Power Inverters SAM-1000-12 SAM-1500-12 SAM
SAM Series Power Inverters SAM-1000-12 SAM-1500-12 SAM

... This feature offers the following advantages: • When the inverter is switched ON, the voltage ramps up to 115 VAC in around 2 sec. If the load was already ON at the time of switching ON of the inverter, starting surge current demanded by certain reactive devices like motors etc. will be reduced and ...
2.4 The Surge Protection Device (SPD)
2.4 The Surge Protection Device (SPD)

S-19400/19401 Series WATCHDOG TIMER
S-19400/19401 Series WATCHDOG TIMER

... © Seiko Instruments Inc., 2014-2015 ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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