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AN84 - Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume IV
AN84 - Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume IV

Contents - Brunswick
Contents - Brunswick

INTRODUCTION Component Content
INTRODUCTION Component Content

... Vary the control somewhat faster and observe the meters. ...
AN118 Improving ADC Resolution by Oversampling and Averaging
AN118 Improving ADC Resolution by Oversampling and Averaging

Whitepaper Accelerated lifetime-test for metallized film capacitors
Whitepaper Accelerated lifetime-test for metallized film capacitors

... length should, of course, have at least the same expected life cycle. This means that film capacitors in such applications must continue to function for up to 20 years and longer. However, due to market pressure for miniaturization and cost-savings, film capacitors are being produced with increasing ...
Introduction to Technical Mathematics
Introduction to Technical Mathematics

NBSG16M - 2.5 V/3.3 V Multilevel Input to CML Clock/Data Receiver
NBSG16M - 2.5 V/3.3 V Multilevel Input to CML Clock/Data Receiver

... Product parametric performance is indicated in the Electrical Characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. Product performance may not be indicated by the Electrical Characteristics if operated under different conditions. NOTE: Device will meet the specifications after the ...
NVT2008; NVT2010 1. General description Bidirectional voltage-level translator for open-drain and
NVT2008; NVT2010 1. General description Bidirectional voltage-level translator for open-drain and

... In a 3.3 V to 1.8 V direction level shift, if the 3.3 V side is being driven by a totem pole type driver no pull-up resistor is needed on the 3.3 V side. The capacitance and line length of concern is on the 1.8 V side since it is driven through the ON resistance of the NVT20xx. If the line length on ...
MAX791 Microprocessor Supervisory Circuit General Description Features
MAX791 Microprocessor Supervisory Circuit General Description Features

... Power-Fail Output. This is the output of the power-fail comparator. PFO goes low when PFI is less than 1.25V. This is an uncommitted comparator, and has no effect on any other internal circuitry. ...
Aalborg Universitet A Quasi-Type-1 Phase-Locked Loop Structure Doval-Gandoy, Jesus
Aalborg Universitet A Quasi-Type-1 Phase-Locked Loop Structure Doval-Gandoy, Jesus

TRANSCONDUCTANCE BASED CMOS CIRCUITS
TRANSCONDUCTANCE BASED CMOS CIRCUITS

... circuits based on the transconductance of a MOST, they are not the only ones. Linear circuits with an electronically variable I-V transfer characteristic, voltage amplification or current amplification have also been proposed [13]. In this thesis the collective noun "transactors" will be used for ci ...
AN118 Improving ADC Resolution by Oversampling
AN118 Improving ADC Resolution by Oversampling

CI26599606
CI26599606

AN118 - Silicon Labs
AN118 - Silicon Labs

DC Machines
DC Machines

... CHAPTER 7 DC Machines ...
Meta-parametrised meta-modelling approach for
Meta-parametrised meta-modelling approach for

... optimisation is performed and the Pareto concept is used to present the set of solutions (for different sets of parameters) and the best trade-off for the performance indicators is identified. The approach does not identify a unique solution; instead, several solutions are obtained and other criteria ...
24-pin smartcard interfaces
24-pin smartcard interfaces

...  ISO 7816, NDS and EMV 4.3 payment systems compatible  Three protected half-duplex bidirectional buffered I/O lines to the smartcard ...
CMPA2060025D
CMPA2060025D

... any patent or patent rights of Cree. Cree makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose. “Typical” parameters are the average values expected by Cree in large quantities and are provided for information purposes only. These values ...
Features General Description Input/Output Connections Resistive
Features General Description Input/Output Connections Resistive

NTS0103 1. General description Dual supply translating transceiver; open drain; auto
NTS0103 1. General description Dual supply translating transceiver; open drain; auto

... (An and Bn), one output enable input (OE) and two supply pins (VCC(A) and VCC(B)). VCC(A) can be supplied at any voltage between 1.65 V and 3.6 V and VCC(B) can be supplied at any voltage between 2.3 V and 5.5 V, making the device suitable for translating between any of the voltage nodes (1.8 V, 2.5 ...
Lessons Learned From Generator Event Reports
Lessons Learned From Generator Event Reports

... Protection systems are designed to protect a given piece of equipment on the power system without compromising the integrity of the system. This includes correctly detecting abnormal system conditions that could damage equipment, in addition to actually detecting a fault in the protected device. Sev ...
MAX9323 One-to-Four LVCMOS-to-LVPECL Output Clock and Data Driver General Description
MAX9323 One-to-Four LVCMOS-to-LVPECL Output Clock and Data Driver General Description

... and disabled synchronously with the clock input to prevent partial output clock pulses. The MAX9323 is available in space-saving 20-pin TSSOP and ultra-small 20-pin 4mm ✕ 4mm thin QFN packages and operates over the extended (-40°C to ...
ML505 Standard IP with System Monitor
ML505 Standard IP with System Monitor

... current and power*, using the SysMon EDK peripheral. 2. Demo2: A demonstration of ‘basic’ fan control using the ...
chapter_7 Operational-amplifier(IT Version).
chapter_7 Operational-amplifier(IT Version).

... • The intermediate stage is composed of Q16, Q17 and Q13B. • Common-collector configuration for Q16 gives this stage a high input resistance as well as reduces the load effect on the input stage. • Common-emitter configuration for Q17 provides high voltage gain because of the active load Q13B. • Cap ...
Optical Proximity Sensors
Optical Proximity Sensors

... detection of objects. Red or infrared light is used for this purpose. Semiconductor light emitting diodes (LED's) are a particularly reliable source of red and infrared light. They are small and robust, have a long service life and can be easily modulated. Photodiodes or phototransistors are used as ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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