Mitosis notes 9.03
... a. Before 1950’s, lack of chromosomal activity between cell divisions led scientists to consider this a resting state termed interphase b. Interphase is now known to include DNA replication, changing perspective to an ongoing cell cycle concept. c. The M stage is the entire cell division stage, incl ...
... a. Before 1950’s, lack of chromosomal activity between cell divisions led scientists to consider this a resting state termed interphase b. Interphase is now known to include DNA replication, changing perspective to an ongoing cell cycle concept. c. The M stage is the entire cell division stage, incl ...
Unit 7 Genetics
... Tools of the Trade 24. ___________________ is a picture of _________________ _______________ of an organism arranged from _______________ to _______________. 25. It is a tool used to diagnosis __________________ mutations or disorders. 26. A pedigree is a diagram of family relationships that uses __ ...
... Tools of the Trade 24. ___________________ is a picture of _________________ _______________ of an organism arranged from _______________ to _______________. 25. It is a tool used to diagnosis __________________ mutations or disorders. 26. A pedigree is a diagram of family relationships that uses __ ...
Biology: Semester 1 Final Exam Review Sheet
... b. What type of variable is time considered? __________________________ c. What type of variable is the rate of digestion considered? ______________________________ d. How long it take for the rate of starch digestion to reach 40 mL/min with amylase? _______________ e. At what rate was the starch be ...
... b. What type of variable is time considered? __________________________ c. What type of variable is the rate of digestion considered? ______________________________ d. How long it take for the rate of starch digestion to reach 40 mL/min with amylase? _______________ e. At what rate was the starch be ...
Reading: The Cells of Genetic Continuity
... What do these sperm and egg cells look like? How do they form? All human body cells, except sex cells, contain 46 chromosomes. Meiosis is the process that produces sex cells. This process reduces the chromosome number to half. The female reproductive cell (ovum or egg) develops by a process called o ...
... What do these sperm and egg cells look like? How do they form? All human body cells, except sex cells, contain 46 chromosomes. Meiosis is the process that produces sex cells. This process reduces the chromosome number to half. The female reproductive cell (ovum or egg) develops by a process called o ...
Genetics - Bill Nye ANSWERS
... Name the 2 types of factors determining inherited characteristics: dominant and recessive genes Where are genes located? Chromosomes Drosophila melangaster is the scientific name (Genus species) of the common fruit fly. Mendel’s ‘factors’ are now called genes. Human females have 2 X chromosomes; mal ...
... Name the 2 types of factors determining inherited characteristics: dominant and recessive genes Where are genes located? Chromosomes Drosophila melangaster is the scientific name (Genus species) of the common fruit fly. Mendel’s ‘factors’ are now called genes. Human females have 2 X chromosomes; mal ...
Chromosomes The genome is organized into discrete elements
... located on plasmids and transposable elements. Both of these are able to replicate and encode information for the production of various cellular products. Although considered part of the bacterial genome, they are not as stable as the chromosome and may be lost during cellular replication, often wit ...
... located on plasmids and transposable elements. Both of these are able to replicate and encode information for the production of various cellular products. Although considered part of the bacterial genome, they are not as stable as the chromosome and may be lost during cellular replication, often wit ...
Document
... The Human Genome Project was a 13-year international effort to sequence all 3 billion base pairs in human DNA and identify all human genes. The project was completed in 2003. The researchers identified markers in widely separated strands of DNA. They used “shotgun sequencing,” which uses a computer ...
... The Human Genome Project was a 13-year international effort to sequence all 3 billion base pairs in human DNA and identify all human genes. The project was completed in 2003. The researchers identified markers in widely separated strands of DNA. They used “shotgun sequencing,” which uses a computer ...
Meiosis: Questions
... 5. During this phase, homologous pairs of chromosomes move towards the center of the spindle as the spindle forms. ...
... 5. During this phase, homologous pairs of chromosomes move towards the center of the spindle as the spindle forms. ...
Honors Genetics: MIDTERM Exam Review REVIEW ALL OLD
... Describe the issues surrounding sex-linked inheritance in human males Males are HEMIZYGOUS at the 23rd chromosome, inheriting only a single X chromosome from the mother. This impacts males in the sense that X-linked disorders will impact the male offspring more frequently than female offspring. ...
... Describe the issues surrounding sex-linked inheritance in human males Males are HEMIZYGOUS at the 23rd chromosome, inheriting only a single X chromosome from the mother. This impacts males in the sense that X-linked disorders will impact the male offspring more frequently than female offspring. ...
Glossary 29Sept2012_Genetics
... chromosomes - long strands of DNA on which genes are found. Each human cell has 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. One member of each pair is inherited from the mother, the other from the father. Chromosomes coil when cells are about to divide. complementary DNA (cDNA): DNA that is synthesized from a messe ...
... chromosomes - long strands of DNA on which genes are found. Each human cell has 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. One member of each pair is inherited from the mother, the other from the father. Chromosomes coil when cells are about to divide. complementary DNA (cDNA): DNA that is synthesized from a messe ...
Guided Reading: Meiosis (p188-193)
... __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2. Before sexual reproduction can occur, what must happen to the genetic material from each parent? ___________________________________________________________ ____________________ ...
... __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2. Before sexual reproduction can occur, what must happen to the genetic material from each parent? ___________________________________________________________ ____________________ ...
Review #4 – Chapters 13 – 15
... In humans, hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive trait. If a man and a woman have a son who is affected with hemophilia, which of the following is definitely true? a. The mother carries an allele for hemophilia b. The father carries an allele for hemophilia c. The father is afflicted with hemophilia ...
... In humans, hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive trait. If a man and a woman have a son who is affected with hemophilia, which of the following is definitely true? a. The mother carries an allele for hemophilia b. The father carries an allele for hemophilia c. The father is afflicted with hemophilia ...
Chapter 3 human development
... membrane of a female reproductive cell, or ovum. Each reproductive cell, or gamete, contains 23 chromosomes which then once the cell fuse together the zygote forms. III. Define: gamete, zygote, gene, and genotype. a. Gamete: a reproductive cell that carries 23 chromosomes. b. Zygote: when the reprod ...
... membrane of a female reproductive cell, or ovum. Each reproductive cell, or gamete, contains 23 chromosomes which then once the cell fuse together the zygote forms. III. Define: gamete, zygote, gene, and genotype. a. Gamete: a reproductive cell that carries 23 chromosomes. b. Zygote: when the reprod ...
S-B-4-2_Reading Comprehension Assignment and KEY Reading
... DNA molecules that contain genetic information about cellular functions. The chromosomes replicate themselves during interphase, and during mitosis DNA is replicated. The replication of the chromosomes results in two sets of identical copies called chromatids. The chromatids are attached at the cent ...
... DNA molecules that contain genetic information about cellular functions. The chromosomes replicate themselves during interphase, and during mitosis DNA is replicated. The replication of the chromosomes results in two sets of identical copies called chromatids. The chromatids are attached at the cent ...
Mrs. Paparella/ Living Environment Genetics Essential Questions
... 1. What determines an organism’s characteristics? Each chromosome in the nucleus contains 1000’s of genes for the traits (characteristics) that an organism shows. Chromosome pairs carry genes for the same trait. We have 2 alleles for each gene. (you get one allele from each parent) 2. How many chrom ...
... 1. What determines an organism’s characteristics? Each chromosome in the nucleus contains 1000’s of genes for the traits (characteristics) that an organism shows. Chromosome pairs carry genes for the same trait. We have 2 alleles for each gene. (you get one allele from each parent) 2. How many chrom ...
Document
... 24. DOMINANT- a trait or characteristic that shows up most often in an organism. 25. RECESSIVE- a trait that is less likely to show up in an organism. 26. ALLELE- another word for a “gene” 27. HETEROZYGOUS- having 2 different genes (alleles) for a single trait. 28. HOMOZYGOUS- having the same genes ...
... 24. DOMINANT- a trait or characteristic that shows up most often in an organism. 25. RECESSIVE- a trait that is less likely to show up in an organism. 26. ALLELE- another word for a “gene” 27. HETEROZYGOUS- having 2 different genes (alleles) for a single trait. 28. HOMOZYGOUS- having the same genes ...
Name Date ______ Per ______
... your children. Each species has a characteristic number of chromosomes per cell. This number is typically given for body cells, not for gametes. Chromosome number does not seem to be related to the complexity of an organism. For example, yeast have 32 chromosomes, which come in 16 pairs. The fruit f ...
... your children. Each species has a characteristic number of chromosomes per cell. This number is typically given for body cells, not for gametes. Chromosome number does not seem to be related to the complexity of an organism. For example, yeast have 32 chromosomes, which come in 16 pairs. The fruit f ...
Pipe Cleaner Genetics
... meiosis. How many daughter cells did you make? ___________ How many chromosomes does each daughter cell have? ___________ Are the daughter cells diploid or haploid? ___________ Are the genotypes of the daughter cells the same or different? __________ Of the 4 genes, which gene(s) obeyed Mendel’s Law ...
... meiosis. How many daughter cells did you make? ___________ How many chromosomes does each daughter cell have? ___________ Are the daughter cells diploid or haploid? ___________ Are the genotypes of the daughter cells the same or different? __________ Of the 4 genes, which gene(s) obeyed Mendel’s Law ...
- Google Sites
... what features would you focus? – Homologous pairs (sets of chromatids that carry the same genetic material) are identified by their length, centromere placement, and banding pattern. ...
... what features would you focus? – Homologous pairs (sets of chromatids that carry the same genetic material) are identified by their length, centromere placement, and banding pattern. ...
Bell Work: What is the difference between a haploid and diploid cell?
... genes that are close together on the same chromosome are more likely to be inherited together (linked together) the farther apart two genes are located, the more likely they are to be separated when crossing over. ...
... genes that are close together on the same chromosome are more likely to be inherited together (linked together) the farther apart two genes are located, the more likely they are to be separated when crossing over. ...
Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction Human Reproduction
... generation (cell, cells, or multicellular organism) – a complete DNA set is copied) asexual- no egg or sperm cell (i.e. budding, tuber, cloning, spider plant) new individual is genetically identical to the parent. Also called a “_______” ...
... generation (cell, cells, or multicellular organism) – a complete DNA set is copied) asexual- no egg or sperm cell (i.e. budding, tuber, cloning, spider plant) new individual is genetically identical to the parent. Also called a “_______” ...
Meiosis
... Meiosis Overview Gametes produced during meiosis are needed for sexual reproduction Cells (diploid) divide twice resulting in 4 daughter cells (haploid) Each cell has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell Each new cell is genetically different ...
... Meiosis Overview Gametes produced during meiosis are needed for sexual reproduction Cells (diploid) divide twice resulting in 4 daughter cells (haploid) Each cell has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell Each new cell is genetically different ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.