• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Mitosis Study Guide
Mitosis Study Guide

... 10. -how cytokinesis in animal cells differ from that of plant cells. 11. -how DNA is packaged in eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells. 12. -the difference between naked DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes. 13. -the definition of chromatid, centromere, and telomere. 14. - how to identify chrom ...
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

... • Understand how frequency of recombination of linked genes is related to their loci distance from one another • Be familiar with patterns of inheritance for genes on sex chromosomes • Be familiar with errors that may occur in chromosomal inheritance due to problems associated with meiosis ...
Biology
Biology

... Q6. Sickle cell anaemia is 1) Caused by change in single base pair of DNA 2) Characterised by elongated sickle like RBC’s with nucleus 3) Sex linked disease 4) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid Q7. Removal of introns and joining of exons in a transcription unit is called as 1) Transf ...
chromosomes - sandsbiochem
chromosomes - sandsbiochem

... through as they grow and develop cells alive cell cycle ...
asdfs - The Wesley School
asdfs - The Wesley School

... ________________ DNA scrunches up and chromosomes are first visible INTERPHASE ________________ Made up of G1, S, G2 METAPHASE ________________ Chromosomes line up in middle of cell ...
Name - EdWeb
Name - EdWeb

... 9. Blood cells use a protein called _______________________ to capture and carry oxygen. 10. When a gene is changed, it is said to be ______________________________________________ 11. A mutation in the hemoglobin gene cause what disorder? __________________________________ What is a Chromosome? 12. ...
Genetics - Tour of the Basics
Genetics - Tour of the Basics

... ____________________ of DNA. Then the DNA is wrapped around some _______________. ...
Heredity Inherited Traits - Saint Mary Catholic School
Heredity Inherited Traits - Saint Mary Catholic School

... Sex Cells are Haploid or Half • The gametes are the sex cells of the parents. When formed they undergo meiosis. In the process, the chromosomes are duplicated, then separated and packaged as separate sets in the sex cells. • If this were not the case, the number of chromosomes would double every ti ...
Heredity - El Camino College
Heredity - El Camino College

... 1. ____________ - one diploid somatic (body) cell divides into two diploid genetically identical cells a. ___________ (2n) cells have two of each type of chromosome b. A normal human cell has ___ _______________ pairs of chromosomes in its nucleus, one of each pair from the mother and one from the f ...
Chapter 15 Assignment SOLUTIONS - kyoussef-mci
Chapter 15 Assignment SOLUTIONS - kyoussef-mci

... The result was the typical 3:1 ratio of dominant (red) to recessive (white) phenotypes. He noticed that no female had white eyes, and only half of the males had white eyes. If eye colour was not sex-linked, then you would expect there to be 50% female white eyes and 50 % male. Therefore, Morgan conc ...
Sex-determining Region of the Y chromosome
Sex-determining Region of the Y chromosome

... results from a specific deletion in chromosome 5. -- Is a rare genetic disorder due to a missing part of chromosome 5 – These individuals are mentally retarded, have a small head with unusual facial features, and a cry like the mewing of a distressed cat. – This syndrome is fatal in infancy ‫ الطفوي ...
Genetics: Getting Down to the Basics. Turner syndrome
Genetics: Getting Down to the Basics. Turner syndrome

... happening in another pregnancy?  Most ...
Document
Document

Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics

... How is this different than multiple allele? ...
notes
notes

... A single molecule of DNA has thousands of genes lined up like train cars. Before a eukaryotic cell prepares to divide, the chromatids become visible. Chromatids then duplicate into two chromosomes which are attached at a point in the center called a centromere. The Number of Chromosomes is Constant ...
Mitosis - HRSBSTAFF Home Page
Mitosis - HRSBSTAFF Home Page

... number of body cells (not egg or sperm) in an organism • There are two parts to it: – mitosis - the division of the nuclear material – cytokinesis - the division of the cytoplasm and organelles ...
Genetics & Inheritance - Parma City School District
Genetics & Inheritance - Parma City School District

... There is no true recessive trait. AB Blood type is an example of Codominance = Both alleles in the heterozygous form (IAIB ) end up expressing themselves equally. Both traits show up in the phenotype. Example: coat color in horses ...
Ch. 14 Meiosis and Genetics
Ch. 14 Meiosis and Genetics

... Human Genetics and Meiosis The study of inheritance patterns in humans ...
Meiosis/ Genetics Study Guide*Test Wednesday 2/ 22/12
Meiosis/ Genetics Study Guide*Test Wednesday 2/ 22/12

... passed independently of one another from parents to offspring. That is, the biological selection of a particular gene in the gene pair for one trait to be passed to the offspring has nothing to do with the selection of the gene for any other trait. More precisely the law states that alleles of diffe ...
Concept 9.2 The Cell Cycle Multiplies Cells
Concept 9.2 The Cell Cycle Multiplies Cells

... Section Goal: The student will describe the structure of a chromosome and name the stages of the cell cycle and then explain what happens during each stage. Concept 9.2 The Cell Cycle Multiplies Cells I. Chromosomes and Cell Division A. In eukaryotes, most of the _______________________ material is ...
Foundations of Biology
Foundations of Biology

... Variation & Speciation Variation also allows sexually reproducing organisms to adapt to a changing environment. The mechanism of mutation in DNA generates variation with natural selection of individuals in populations to produce new species. ...
Cell Division
Cell Division

Heredity
Heredity

Mid-Term Exam 3a - Buffalo State College Faculty and Staff Web
Mid-Term Exam 3a - Buffalo State College Faculty and Staff Web

... important for sex determination but it is the presence or absence of a Y chromosome. Describe how Klinefelter's Syndrome demonstrates this principle. How would the phenotype of this type of aneuploid been different if the Y chromosome was irrelevant to sex determination but instead the number of X c ...
Genetics Vocabulary Allele: One of the variant forms of a gene at a
Genetics Vocabulary Allele: One of the variant forms of a gene at a

... Allele: One of the variant forms of a gene at a particular locus, or location, on a chromosome. Different alleles produce variation in inherited characteristics such as hair color or blood type. In an individual, one form of the allele (the dominant one) may be expressed more than another form (the ...
< 1 ... 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 ... 538 >

Chromosome



A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report