I. sex determination
... chromosome) and males heterogametic (producing gametes with either an X or Y chromosome) 2. All factors being equal, there is a 50% chance of having a boy or a girl a) Females must donate a X chromosome to their eggs, males may donate either the X or Y to their sperm 3. Sex is determined by the Y ch ...
... chromosome) and males heterogametic (producing gametes with either an X or Y chromosome) 2. All factors being equal, there is a 50% chance of having a boy or a girl a) Females must donate a X chromosome to their eggs, males may donate either the X or Y to their sperm 3. Sex is determined by the Y ch ...
Biology
... The formation of gametes involves yet a special type of cell division. Gametes are an organism’s reproductive cells, such as sperm or egg cells. ...
... The formation of gametes involves yet a special type of cell division. Gametes are an organism’s reproductive cells, such as sperm or egg cells. ...
File - Mr. Haan`s Science
... 1. Studying genetics of simple organisms helps us understand our genetics 2. Genetics are the same in all sexually reproducing organisms 3. Inheritance of many human traits is very complex ...
... 1. Studying genetics of simple organisms helps us understand our genetics 2. Genetics are the same in all sexually reproducing organisms 3. Inheritance of many human traits is very complex ...
X Chromosome
... - Males (XY) express all of their sex linked genes because they only have one X chromosome. - If the X chromosome has the gene, the male has the disorder. - Males can not be carriers because they only have one X chromosome - Examples: Hemophilia and Colorblindness ...
... - Males (XY) express all of their sex linked genes because they only have one X chromosome. - If the X chromosome has the gene, the male has the disorder. - Males can not be carriers because they only have one X chromosome - Examples: Hemophilia and Colorblindness ...
Gene: Usually, a section of DNA long enough to code for a protein
... Genotype: Describes the genes an organism has inherited. In class a genotype might be written as BB. Homozygous: The organism has inherited the same allele from each parent. aa Heterozygous: The organism has inherited different alleles for a given trait: Aa Genome: The total genetic message or code ...
... Genotype: Describes the genes an organism has inherited. In class a genotype might be written as BB. Homozygous: The organism has inherited the same allele from each parent. aa Heterozygous: The organism has inherited different alleles for a given trait: Aa Genome: The total genetic message or code ...
Human Growth and Development Genetics
... To feel loved, have a sense of belonging Self-esteem, approval Desire to live up to one’s potential ...
... To feel loved, have a sense of belonging Self-esteem, approval Desire to live up to one’s potential ...
Human Genetics and Linked Genes
... XXX = Trisomy X female XYY = Jacob’s syndrome male XO = Turner syndrome female ...
... XXX = Trisomy X female XYY = Jacob’s syndrome male XO = Turner syndrome female ...
AP & Regents Biology
... XXX = Trisomy X female XYY = Jacob’s syndrome male XO = Turner syndrome female ...
... XXX = Trisomy X female XYY = Jacob’s syndrome male XO = Turner syndrome female ...
Chromosomes, Genes, and Alleles, oh my
... 3. This gene may have different alleles. Alleles are the different forms of a certain gene – the different alleles all deal with the same trait but have slightly different information. The different alleles of the gene will be almost identical and will be in the same place on different chromosomes b ...
... 3. This gene may have different alleles. Alleles are the different forms of a certain gene – the different alleles all deal with the same trait but have slightly different information. The different alleles of the gene will be almost identical and will be in the same place on different chromosomes b ...
Exam 2 - Faculty
... IV. Cell division in more detail A. What are the functions of cell division throughout an organism’s life? Do all cells divide at the same rate? B. Events of DNA replication. What does DNA polymerase do? What happens if it makes a mistake? C. Prokaryotic cell division: events in binary fission, inc ...
... IV. Cell division in more detail A. What are the functions of cell division throughout an organism’s life? Do all cells divide at the same rate? B. Events of DNA replication. What does DNA polymerase do? What happens if it makes a mistake? C. Prokaryotic cell division: events in binary fission, inc ...
Chromosome vs. Gene Mutations
... Aim: How can we compare chromosome mutations & gene mutations? ...
... Aim: How can we compare chromosome mutations & gene mutations? ...
ReproductionRegentsReview
... Gametogenesis: the formation of sex cells, either spermatogenesis or oogenesis – involves meiosis Meiosis: Cell division in gametogenesis that reduces the number of chromosomes from 2n, diploid, to 1n, haploid, to make sex cells (gametes). Testes: male gonad – produce sperm and testosterone Sperm: m ...
... Gametogenesis: the formation of sex cells, either spermatogenesis or oogenesis – involves meiosis Meiosis: Cell division in gametogenesis that reduces the number of chromosomes from 2n, diploid, to 1n, haploid, to make sex cells (gametes). Testes: male gonad – produce sperm and testosterone Sperm: m ...
AP Biology Review Chapters 9-10 Review Questions Chapter
... Chapter 9: Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction 1. List in order, the four stages of the cell cycle and briefly summarize what is happening at each stage. 2. Explain what conditions might cause a cell to halt the cell cycle. 3. Discuss how apoptosis represents a regulatory event of the cell cycle. 4 ...
... Chapter 9: Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction 1. List in order, the four stages of the cell cycle and briefly summarize what is happening at each stage. 2. Explain what conditions might cause a cell to halt the cell cycle. 3. Discuss how apoptosis represents a regulatory event of the cell cycle. 4 ...
CHAPTER 14 THE HUMAN GENOME
... switched off forming a dense region in the chromosome known as a Barr body - Barr bodies are not found in males because with only one X chromosome, it is still active - Occurs in other mammals as well Ex. fur color in female cat ...
... switched off forming a dense region in the chromosome known as a Barr body - Barr bodies are not found in males because with only one X chromosome, it is still active - Occurs in other mammals as well Ex. fur color in female cat ...
Chapter 11 ppt student notes pt 1
... genetic condition that is a deviation for the usual (or average) and is not life-threatening Rare or less common version of a trait Genetic ______________ is used to describe conditions that cause medical problems ______________ is a recognized set of symptoms that characterize an abnormality ...
... genetic condition that is a deviation for the usual (or average) and is not life-threatening Rare or less common version of a trait Genetic ______________ is used to describe conditions that cause medical problems ______________ is a recognized set of symptoms that characterize an abnormality ...
Dominant or Recessive - UNT's College of Education
... determine the ABO blood types of two sets of parents and two newborn children examine the genetic relationships possible between the parents and children match the “mixed up” children with their proper ...
... determine the ABO blood types of two sets of parents and two newborn children examine the genetic relationships possible between the parents and children match the “mixed up” children with their proper ...
Document
... near the centromere region with loss of the short arms, which carry multiple copies of genes for rRNA. ...
... near the centromere region with loss of the short arms, which carry multiple copies of genes for rRNA. ...
Disease #5
... 2. Many organisms, especially unicellular ones, reproduce by means of ____________________. Reproduction by mitosis is generally classified as ____________________, since the cells produced by mitosis are genetically ________________ to the parent cell. Mitosis is also the source of new cells when a ...
... 2. Many organisms, especially unicellular ones, reproduce by means of ____________________. Reproduction by mitosis is generally classified as ____________________, since the cells produced by mitosis are genetically ________________ to the parent cell. Mitosis is also the source of new cells when a ...
Advance Molecular Biology (LS6421, 1999)
... (f). SIR3/SIR4 bind to histones H3/H4 and polymerize. (g). The C-terminus of SIR3 has a similarity to nuclear lamin proteins. 13. Global changes in X chromosomes. (1). Constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin. (2). X-linked variegation is caused by the random inactivation of one ...
... (f). SIR3/SIR4 bind to histones H3/H4 and polymerize. (g). The C-terminus of SIR3 has a similarity to nuclear lamin proteins. 13. Global changes in X chromosomes. (1). Constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin. (2). X-linked variegation is caused by the random inactivation of one ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.