Genetic Notes review page (blanks filled in except for
... 6. Four types of asexual reproduction: __Binary fission_____, __runners (also called Vegetative Propagation) ____, __budding____, ___fragmentation (also called regeneration)______. ((There is one we do not learn about in 7th grade called: Parthenogenesis -Though most of the organisms that use asexua ...
... 6. Four types of asexual reproduction: __Binary fission_____, __runners (also called Vegetative Propagation) ____, __budding____, ___fragmentation (also called regeneration)______. ((There is one we do not learn about in 7th grade called: Parthenogenesis -Though most of the organisms that use asexua ...
mitosis
... – A cell will divide into 2 “daughter cells” before it becomes too large. – Before Cell Division occurs, the cell must copy all of its DNA. – This gives each “daughter cell” an exact copy of the original cell’s DNA. ...
... – A cell will divide into 2 “daughter cells” before it becomes too large. – Before Cell Division occurs, the cell must copy all of its DNA. – This gives each “daughter cell” an exact copy of the original cell’s DNA. ...
Human Genetic Disorders
... The air inside the stadium was hot and still. The crowd cheered loudly as eight runners approached the starting blocks. The runners shook out their arms and legs to loosen up their muscles and calm their jitters. When the starter raised the gun, all eyes focused on the runners. At the crack of the s ...
... The air inside the stadium was hot and still. The crowd cheered loudly as eight runners approached the starting blocks. The runners shook out their arms and legs to loosen up their muscles and calm their jitters. When the starter raised the gun, all eyes focused on the runners. At the crack of the s ...
Cells - STA304
... Function of the Cell Membrane • The cell membrane is a flexible barrier that that surrounds the cell and allows the cell to interact with its environment – Forms a protective barrier – Helps absorb nutrients and useful substances – Helps eliminate wastes and other materials produced inside cells ...
... Function of the Cell Membrane • The cell membrane is a flexible barrier that that surrounds the cell and allows the cell to interact with its environment – Forms a protective barrier – Helps absorb nutrients and useful substances – Helps eliminate wastes and other materials produced inside cells ...
Guided Notes-Genetics
... i. All ____________________ carry an ___________chromosome ii. _______________________ are XX; ______________________ carry XY iii. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________ ...
... i. All ____________________ carry an ___________chromosome ii. _______________________ are XX; ______________________ carry XY iii. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________ ...
Genetics Using Punnett Squares
... In pea plants, tall pea plants (T) are dominant over short pea plants (t). Construct a Punnett Square for a heterozygous tall pea plant and a short pea plant. ...
... In pea plants, tall pea plants (T) are dominant over short pea plants (t). Construct a Punnett Square for a heterozygous tall pea plant and a short pea plant. ...
Biology
... 2. If a sperm containing 46 chromosomes fused with an egg containing 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the resulting fertilized egg contain? Do you think this would create any problems in the developing embryo? 3. In order to produce a fertilized egg with the appropriate number of chromosom ...
... 2. If a sperm containing 46 chromosomes fused with an egg containing 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the resulting fertilized egg contain? Do you think this would create any problems in the developing embryo? 3. In order to produce a fertilized egg with the appropriate number of chromosom ...
Chromothripsis: how does such a catastrophic event impact human
... when chromosomes are condensed, i.e. during mitosis. Since spermatogonia can undergo hundreds of mitotic divisions before entering into meiotic prophase, these cells seem to be particularly prone to chromothripsis. However, examples involving several chromosomes indicate that the phenomenon may also ...
... when chromosomes are condensed, i.e. during mitosis. Since spermatogonia can undergo hundreds of mitotic divisions before entering into meiotic prophase, these cells seem to be particularly prone to chromothripsis. However, examples involving several chromosomes indicate that the phenomenon may also ...
3.1 Mutations_Gene Expression
... Gene expression requires an operons! A segment of DNA to which a transcription factor can bind! Also called a lac operon ...
... Gene expression requires an operons! A segment of DNA to which a transcription factor can bind! Also called a lac operon ...
File
... • Sex-linked recessive traits will show up more often in males because they only have 1 X chromosome ...
... • Sex-linked recessive traits will show up more often in males because they only have 1 X chromosome ...
Variation and Selection
... certain chemicals on the rate of mutations ***Describe sickle cell anaemia as an example of mutation Starter: Make two lines http://biology-animations.blogspot.com/2011/07/genetic-mutation-animation.html ...
... certain chemicals on the rate of mutations ***Describe sickle cell anaemia as an example of mutation Starter: Make two lines http://biology-animations.blogspot.com/2011/07/genetic-mutation-animation.html ...
Evolutionary Algorithms
... chromosomes which together define the physical attributes of the person: ...
... chromosomes which together define the physical attributes of the person: ...
I) Why Genetics for Eye Care Practioners
... ++photosensitive, Brother and mom’s MGF also OA B) Fundus C) Clinical Pedigree vs. Textbook D) Lyon Hypothesis 1) X-linked recessive 2) Early in female embryonic development each cell makes a “decision” to deactivate one of its X chromosomes (Barr body). This may leave more of the affected X’s activ ...
... ++photosensitive, Brother and mom’s MGF also OA B) Fundus C) Clinical Pedigree vs. Textbook D) Lyon Hypothesis 1) X-linked recessive 2) Early in female embryonic development each cell makes a “decision” to deactivate one of its X chromosomes (Barr body). This may leave more of the affected X’s activ ...
Cell Cycle Online Activity
... *In Mitosis, there are four stages often abbreviated as PMAT. What do the P, M, A and T stand for? (1:01-1:13) P:_________________M:_________________A:________________T:_______________ *In which of these four stages do chromosomes become visible, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear membrane breaks ...
... *In Mitosis, there are four stages often abbreviated as PMAT. What do the P, M, A and T stand for? (1:01-1:13) P:_________________M:_________________A:________________T:_______________ *In which of these four stages do chromosomes become visible, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear membrane breaks ...
FSHD Science 101. Alexandra Belayew, PhD
... Every cell of an individual has the same genetic programm In the nucleus: 23 chromosome pairs ...
... Every cell of an individual has the same genetic programm In the nucleus: 23 chromosome pairs ...
Topic 10: Inheritance/Genetics, or Why do we resemble our
... Gametes contain half the normal number of chromosomes – one chromosome from each pair (division by “meiosis” reduces chromosome number) In fertilization, normal number of chromosomes is restored (Note similarity to behavior of Mendel’s pairs of “elements”!) Nucleus determines the traits of the organ ...
... Gametes contain half the normal number of chromosomes – one chromosome from each pair (division by “meiosis” reduces chromosome number) In fertilization, normal number of chromosomes is restored (Note similarity to behavior of Mendel’s pairs of “elements”!) Nucleus determines the traits of the organ ...
three mitosis and meiosis
... the reduction division. It is this first division that reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid and separates the homologous pairs. Meiosis II, the second division, separates the sister chromatids. The result is four haploid gametes. Mitotic cell division produces new cells genetically ...
... the reduction division. It is this first division that reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid and separates the homologous pairs. Meiosis II, the second division, separates the sister chromatids. The result is four haploid gametes. Mitotic cell division produces new cells genetically ...
DNA
... • Watson and Crick’s model of DNA based off the evidence of Franklin’s X-ray demonstrated a double helix. 2 strands were wound around each other. ...
... • Watson and Crick’s model of DNA based off the evidence of Franklin’s X-ray demonstrated a double helix. 2 strands were wound around each other. ...
Prokaryotes
... Fimbriae: hair-like protein structures Sex pili: pull cells together before DNA transfer ...
... Fimbriae: hair-like protein structures Sex pili: pull cells together before DNA transfer ...
Chapter 11 Intro to Genetics
... 1. somatic cell (body cell) has 46 chromosomes a. 23 from female gamete (egg) b. 23 from male gamete (sperm) c. Homologous chromosomes --corresponding chromosomes of male and female --ex. Male has chromosome for hair color/ female has chromosome for hair color ...
... 1. somatic cell (body cell) has 46 chromosomes a. 23 from female gamete (egg) b. 23 from male gamete (sperm) c. Homologous chromosomes --corresponding chromosomes of male and female --ex. Male has chromosome for hair color/ female has chromosome for hair color ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... 1. How would your body look if cells divided but apoptosis never occurred? As a human develops, apoptosis helps to eliminate excess cells to carve out functional structures such as fingers, toes, nostrils, and ears. Apoptosis also plays a role in the fine tuning of the immune system by killing the w ...
... 1. How would your body look if cells divided but apoptosis never occurred? As a human develops, apoptosis helps to eliminate excess cells to carve out functional structures such as fingers, toes, nostrils, and ears. Apoptosis also plays a role in the fine tuning of the immune system by killing the w ...
Regulation of the Different Chromatin States of Autosomes
... somatic cells (1). How the germ line modulates gene expression from the X chromosomes is less clear. Recent findings suggest that the X chromosomes in C. elegans are globally repressed during most of germline development (2, 3). The four C. elegans MES proteins are prime candidates for regulating th ...
... somatic cells (1). How the germ line modulates gene expression from the X chromosomes is less clear. Recent findings suggest that the X chromosomes in C. elegans are globally repressed during most of germline development (2, 3). The four C. elegans MES proteins are prime candidates for regulating th ...
ppt
... Any mistake or change in the DNA sequence Point mutation: Change in one nitrogen base in DNA Ex: albinism ...
... Any mistake or change in the DNA sequence Point mutation: Change in one nitrogen base in DNA Ex: albinism ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.