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Unit 5 Genetics
Unit 5 Genetics

... Classification has been modified due to discovery of molecular structure. ...
The role of the Central Nervous System and Neurotransmitters in
The role of the Central Nervous System and Neurotransmitters in

Henry7SCI4 (H7SCIALL)
Henry7SCI4 (H7SCIALL)

... 2. D) They are vestigial structures that are no longer required for survival. 3. D) asexual reproduction by fragmentation. 4. C) Systems 5. C) selective breeding 6. C) fossils. 7. B) The gene for brown hair is dominant over the gene for red hair. 8. D) liverworts and mosses. 9. D) photosynthesis. 10 ...
Plasmids by Dr. Ty C.M. Hoffman
Plasmids by Dr. Ty C.M. Hoffman

... A  plasmid  is  a  small,  circular  bit  of  DNA  containing  some  small  number  of  genes.  It  is  much  like  the   circular  chromosome  of  a  bacterium,  only  much  smaller.  The  bacterial  chromosome  contains  all  the ...
Assigned Study Questions Due on Monday, April 9, 2007
Assigned Study Questions Due on Monday, April 9, 2007

... 21) Which of the following is true regarding linkage maps? They A) always have a total of 100 map units. B) can be used to pinpoint the precise physical position of a gene on a chromosome. C) are a genetic map based on recombination frequencies. D) require preparation of karyotypes. E) reflect the f ...
Section 12-1
Section 12-1

... 2. Morgan crossed a white-eyed male with a female homozygous for red eyes, and then crossed members of the F1 generation resulting from the first cross. He found that all of the white-eyed flies in the F2 generation were male. 3. Crossing-over during meiosis causes homologous chromosomes to exchange ...
1. Dr. Swanson`s powerpoint lecture
1. Dr. Swanson`s powerpoint lecture

... • Was the object of an intense search. • SRY gene on the Y chromosome was identified as the gene that codes for TDF: – SRY is translocated to X in rare XX males – SRY is absent from Y in rare XY females ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... • Each pair of homologous chromosomes includes one chromosome from each parent • The 46 chromosomes in a human somatic cell are two sets of 23: one from the mother and one from the father • A diploid cell (2n) has two sets of chromosomes • For humans, the diploid number is 46 (2n = 46) ...
Genetics and Biotechnology Test Review
Genetics and Biotechnology Test Review

... 7. Does a parent have to show a trait in order for their offspring to show it? 8. What is codominance? 9. What is incomplete dominance? 10. What is a polygenic trait? 11. If a trait appears in every generation, it is usually __________________________. 12. If a trait skips generations, it is usually ...
Lecture 1: Meiosis and Recombination
Lecture 1: Meiosis and Recombination

... 4) Describe how 3 different chromosome aberrations lead to Down’s syndrome. Why is this important to know in terms of genetic counselling? Anueploidy – Numerical abnormalities involving the loss or gain of one or more chromosomes ...
Pedigrees and Sex-linked Traits
Pedigrees and Sex-linked Traits

... 1. Which parent has attached ear lobes? 2. How many children do the parents have? 3. Which child has attached ear lobes? 4. Which child is married? ...
dna structure - Siegel Science
dna structure - Siegel Science

... DNA Replication Steps 1. Begins at ORIGIN of replication 2. DNA Helicase unzips parent DNA strand 3. DNA Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to 3’ end of leading strand (in the 5’  3’ direction) (continuous) 4. The opposite happens for the lagging ...
Chromosome Research, 8:319-334
Chromosome Research, 8:319-334

... in Osaka. In order to determine the state of the human chromosomes and to supply the information to investigators, we characterized the cells by £uorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with corresponding human chromosome-speci¢c painting probes, and, in part, by reverse FISH with the hybrid total D ...
The Genetics of Blood Disorders
The Genetics of Blood Disorders

... 15. _________________ are different forms of a trait. If an organism has two of the same ____________ they are said to be (heterozygous/homozygous) . If an orgaims have two different ____________ they are said to be (heterozygous/homozygous). Hint: Blanks are all the same word) 16. The _____________ ...
The Genetics of Blood Disorders
The Genetics of Blood Disorders

... 13. _________________ are different forms of a trait. If an organism has two of the same ____________ they are said to be (heterozygous/homozygous) . If an orgaims have two different ____________ they are said to be (heterozygous/homozygous). Hint: Blanks are all the same word) 14. The _____________ ...
12-9-16 Genetics Test Review
12-9-16 Genetics Test Review

... chromosomes) and will divide into a total of 4 haploid cells containing 23 chromosomes still (because we have separated the sister chromatids). There is nothing to answer for this question. What happens in metaphase of meiosis that explains the laws of segregation and independent assortment? ...
Jeopardy
Jeopardy

... • In addition to single-celled organisms that reproduce asexually, some multicellular organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. For example, taking a clipping from a plant and placing it in water can asexually reproduce (grow) an offspring that is genetically identical to the parent plant ...
BIOLOGY KEYSTONE!cheat sheet
BIOLOGY KEYSTONE!cheat sheet

... 
 ****DNA
is
the
cell’s
genetic
material.

It
must
be
copied
before
the
cell
can
divide.

To
help
with
this,
the
DNA
is
packaging
 
 into
structures
called
CHROMOSOMES.

Humans
have
46
chromosomes
that
must
be
copied
exactly
before
the
cell
can
divide.

 
The
process
of
cell
division
is
called
MITOS ...
ADVANCES IN COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION
ADVANCES IN COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION

Chapter 9
Chapter 9

... The following is a list of the main themes covered in this chapter and some study objectives. As you study, focus on these areas. Understand how the information you study fits into these themes and how these themes relate to each other. Be sure you master each objective before moving on. 1. Genetics ...
molecules - Mrothery.co.uk
molecules - Mrothery.co.uk

... If only one allele is present this characteristic will show. ...
Chapter 4.2 * Problems in Prenatal Development
Chapter 4.2 * Problems in Prenatal Development

... receives two copies of a faulty recessive gene that causes some type of birth defect  Tay-Sachs disease  Cystic Fibrosis ...
What is Genetics
What is Genetics

... • identify all the approximately 20,000 - 25,000 genes in human DNA, • determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA, • store this information in databases, • improve tools for data analysis, • transfer related technologies to the private sector, and • address t ...
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Chromosome



A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.
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