Irregular persistent activity induced by synaptic excitatory feedback
... do not account for the high irregularity shown in the experiments. While high irregularity can be obtained robustly in the baseline period, provided inhibition is sufficiently strong, because neurons receive synaptic inputs that are subthreshold in average and firing is due to temporal fluctuations in ...
... do not account for the high irregularity shown in the experiments. While high irregularity can be obtained robustly in the baseline period, provided inhibition is sufficiently strong, because neurons receive synaptic inputs that are subthreshold in average and firing is due to temporal fluctuations in ...
Anatomy Review - Interactive Physiology
... ________ or __________, and the signal can be modified as it passes from one neuron to the next. a. electrical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory b. chemical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory 29. (Page 7.) Chemical synapses are the most common type of ________, and they are associated with the most com ...
... ________ or __________, and the signal can be modified as it passes from one neuron to the next. a. electrical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory b. chemical synapses, excitatory, inhibitory 29. (Page 7.) Chemical synapses are the most common type of ________, and they are associated with the most com ...
Stereological estimation of dendritic coverage in the capybara SCG
... cervical ganglion of capybara based on the application of the electronimmunocytochemistry of synaptophysin combined with stereological tools. It is shown how to estimate the surface coverage of dendrites by postsynaptic apposition zones and how to perform a model-based stereological estimate of the ...
... cervical ganglion of capybara based on the application of the electronimmunocytochemistry of synaptophysin combined with stereological tools. It is shown how to estimate the surface coverage of dendrites by postsynaptic apposition zones and how to perform a model-based stereological estimate of the ...
Temporal Sequence Detection with Spiking Neurons: Towards
... active dendrites and dynamic synapses in an integrated model. For a long time, dendrites have been thought to be the structures where complex neuronal computation takes place, but only recently have we begun to understand how they operate. The dendrites do not simply collect and pass synaptic inputs ...
... active dendrites and dynamic synapses in an integrated model. For a long time, dendrites have been thought to be the structures where complex neuronal computation takes place, but only recently have we begun to understand how they operate. The dendrites do not simply collect and pass synaptic inputs ...
The Role of Neurotrophins in Neurotransmitter Release
... motoneurons (Baldelli and others 1999). These channel types are known to contribute to fast synaptic transmission at excitatory hippocampal synapses (Gasparini and others 2001). Taken together, these observations suggest that Ca2+ channels known to be involved in neurotransmitter release at small ce ...
... motoneurons (Baldelli and others 1999). These channel types are known to contribute to fast synaptic transmission at excitatory hippocampal synapses (Gasparini and others 2001). Taken together, these observations suggest that Ca2+ channels known to be involved in neurotransmitter release at small ce ...
PAX: A mixed hardware/software simulation platform for
... biophysical models following the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) formalism, in order to address two fields of research: (i) build a hardware simulation system for computational neuroscience to investigate plasticity and learning phenomena in spiking neural networks; (ii) develop the hybrid technique, which conn ...
... biophysical models following the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) formalism, in order to address two fields of research: (i) build a hardware simulation system for computational neuroscience to investigate plasticity and learning phenomena in spiking neural networks; (ii) develop the hybrid technique, which conn ...
Supplement to: Modulation of Intracortical Synaptic Potentials by
... Supplementary Figure 1. Layer 5 pyramidal cells are interconnected by several synaptic boutons that are within one length constant of the axon. Simultaneous patch clamp recording from three layer 5 pyramidal neurons revealed synaptic connections as illustrated in the lower left schematic. Anatomical ...
... Supplementary Figure 1. Layer 5 pyramidal cells are interconnected by several synaptic boutons that are within one length constant of the axon. Simultaneous patch clamp recording from three layer 5 pyramidal neurons revealed synaptic connections as illustrated in the lower left schematic. Anatomical ...
Name Nervous System Questions 1. When a neuron is at its resting
... 9. When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron, A. the receiving neuron becomes more positive inside. B. ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open. C. the receiving neuron becomes more negative inside. D. vesicles in the sy ...
... 9. When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron, A. the receiving neuron becomes more positive inside. B. ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open. C. the receiving neuron becomes more negative inside. D. vesicles in the sy ...
Supplement: Modulation of Intracortical Synaptic Potentials by
... Supplementary Figure 1. Layer 5 pyramidal cells are interconnected by several synaptic boutons that are within one length constant of the axon. Simultaneous patch clamp recording from three layer 5 pyramidal neurons revealed synaptic connections as illustrated in the lower left schematic. Anatomical ...
... Supplementary Figure 1. Layer 5 pyramidal cells are interconnected by several synaptic boutons that are within one length constant of the axon. Simultaneous patch clamp recording from three layer 5 pyramidal neurons revealed synaptic connections as illustrated in the lower left schematic. Anatomical ...
Network Self-Organization Explains the Statistics and
... strengths of local excitatory connections in cortex and hippocampus is long-tailed, exhibiting a small number of synaptic connections of very large efficacy. At the same time, new synaptic connections are constantly being created and individual synaptic connection strengths show substantial fluctuat ...
... strengths of local excitatory connections in cortex and hippocampus is long-tailed, exhibiting a small number of synaptic connections of very large efficacy. At the same time, new synaptic connections are constantly being created and individual synaptic connection strengths show substantial fluctuat ...
Learning sensory maps with real-world stimuli in real time using a
... CD (“Cabo do Mundo” by Luar na Lubre, Warner Music Spain, 1999). The CD style is celtic music played with traditional instruments, vocals, drums and synthesizers. The CD is available worldwide by music stores such as Amazon. In this period the learning mechanism continuously acts on the synaptic eff ...
... CD (“Cabo do Mundo” by Luar na Lubre, Warner Music Spain, 1999). The CD style is celtic music played with traditional instruments, vocals, drums and synthesizers. The CD is available worldwide by music stores such as Amazon. In this period the learning mechanism continuously acts on the synaptic eff ...
A Learning Rule for the Emergence of Stable Dynamics and Timing
... 2 or 4) progressively result in increasing instability. Learning rates were smaller than those in used in Fig. 2 to attempt to facilitate convergence. Note black line activity does not converge to 1, because not every neuron fired. This is because if each neuron only receives 1 synapse, some neurons ...
... 2 or 4) progressively result in increasing instability. Learning rates were smaller than those in used in Fig. 2 to attempt to facilitate convergence. Note black line activity does not converge to 1, because not every neuron fired. This is because if each neuron only receives 1 synapse, some neurons ...
Narrow Versus Wide Tuning Curves: What`s Best for a Population
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer fixed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly re ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer fixed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly re ...
Narrow versus wide tuning curves: What`s best for a population code?
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
Narrow versus wide tuning curves: What`s best for a population code?
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
... Consider now a case in which the noise distribution is no longer xed, such as in the two-layer network illustrated in Figure 1B. The network has the same number of units in both layers, and the output layer contains lateral connections, which sharpen the tuning curves. This case is particularly rel ...
Noise and Coupling Affect Signal Detection and Bursting in a
... AESR and CR, even simultaneously (Lindner and Schimansky-Geier 1999, 2000), there has been little correlation of the effects with physiological parameters such as membrane dynamics, channels, and voltage. Rationalization and evaluation of the simulated data in light of its physiological ramification ...
... AESR and CR, even simultaneously (Lindner and Schimansky-Geier 1999, 2000), there has been little correlation of the effects with physiological parameters such as membrane dynamics, channels, and voltage. Rationalization and evaluation of the simulated data in light of its physiological ramification ...
The role of synaptic ion channels in synaptic
... The nervous system receives a large amount of information about the environment through elaborate sensory routes. Processing and integration of these wide-ranging inputs often results in long-term behavioural alterations as a result of past experiences. These relatively permanent changes in behaviou ...
... The nervous system receives a large amount of information about the environment through elaborate sensory routes. Processing and integration of these wide-ranging inputs often results in long-term behavioural alterations as a result of past experiences. These relatively permanent changes in behaviou ...
Synaptic Democracy and Vesicular Transport in Axons
... the postsynaptic sites of a dendrite). Since vesicles are injected from the soma (anterograde transport), one might expect that synapses proximal to the soma would be preferentially supplied with resources. This problem persists even when the stochastic nature of motor transport and delivery of carg ...
... the postsynaptic sites of a dendrite). Since vesicles are injected from the soma (anterograde transport), one might expect that synapses proximal to the soma would be preferentially supplied with resources. This problem persists even when the stochastic nature of motor transport and delivery of carg ...
Spike-Timing-Dependent Hebbian Plasticity as
... in a given network need to be adjusted such that the appropriate set of neurons is activated at each time step. This can be achieved by using a temporal difference (TD) learning rule (Sutton, 1988; Montague & Sejnowski, 1994). In this paradigm of synaptic plasticity, an activated synapse is strength ...
... in a given network need to be adjusted such that the appropriate set of neurons is activated at each time step. This can be achieved by using a temporal difference (TD) learning rule (Sutton, 1988; Montague & Sejnowski, 1994). In this paradigm of synaptic plasticity, an activated synapse is strength ...
Nervous System part 1
... Stimulus causes electrical impulse AKA action potential (via Na+ and K+) in neuron Impulse travels in presynaptic neuron Dendrites Cell body Axon, axon terminal, & synaptic end bulbs Synaptic vesicles ...
... Stimulus causes electrical impulse AKA action potential (via Na+ and K+) in neuron Impulse travels in presynaptic neuron Dendrites Cell body Axon, axon terminal, & synaptic end bulbs Synaptic vesicles ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... total level of synaptic efficacy. A frequent approach in neural network models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amo ...
... total level of synaptic efficacy. A frequent approach in neural network models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amo ...
A Gaussian Approach to Neural Nets with Multiple Memory Domains
... The PSPs, which in the usual non-noisy neural models were assumed to be zero in the absence of presynaptic activity, are now allowed to undergo spontaneous random fluctuations. This is somewhat similar to the random end plate potentials, originating from the spontaneous release of synaptic transmitt ...
... The PSPs, which in the usual non-noisy neural models were assumed to be zero in the absence of presynaptic activity, are now allowed to undergo spontaneous random fluctuations. This is somewhat similar to the random end plate potentials, originating from the spontaneous release of synaptic transmitt ...
A Summating, Exponentially-Decaying CMOS Synapse for Spiking
... We have proposed a new synapse model and a specific CMOS implementation of the model. In our theoretical analysis, we have ignored all parasitic effects which can play an significant role in the circuit behavior. For example, as the source follower M3 − M4 provides the gate voltage of M2 , switching ...
... We have proposed a new synapse model and a specific CMOS implementation of the model. In our theoretical analysis, we have ignored all parasitic effects which can play an significant role in the circuit behavior. For example, as the source follower M3 − M4 provides the gate voltage of M2 , switching ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amount (subtractive) or by an amount proportional to their strength (multip ...
... models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amount (subtractive) or by an amount proportional to their strength (multip ...
Memory from the dynamics of intrinsic membrane currents
... Another very interesting bistability is seen in theoretical and experimental work on the R15 neuron of Aplysia (16–19). R15 is a prototypic bursting neuron, an extensive biophysical literature on its membrane currents and their modulation has been gathered (19), and a detailed model of this neuron a ...
... Another very interesting bistability is seen in theoretical and experimental work on the R15 neuron of Aplysia (16–19). R15 is a prototypic bursting neuron, an extensive biophysical literature on its membrane currents and their modulation has been gathered (19), and a detailed model of this neuron a ...