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File - Mr. Shanks` Class
File - Mr. Shanks` Class

... There has been much discussion about cloning technology and its application to industry and human life. As well, genetic hybrids have been shown to benefit industry by gaining some of the traits of the genes transferred. Choose one of these technologies (or both if you like!) and discuss the basic m ...
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Module B Keystone Practice Problems answers File

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Regulation of Gene Expression

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X-inactivation



X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.
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