structural optimization with genetic algorithms and particle swarm
... subjected to important loading. The engineer is faced with the challenge of designing a component considering objectives that are often times contradicting, like minimizing the mass and total cost, maximizing the strength and stiffness and easing the manufacturability. There are 3 types of structura ...
... subjected to important loading. The engineer is faced with the challenge of designing a component considering objectives that are often times contradicting, like minimizing the mass and total cost, maximizing the strength and stiffness and easing the manufacturability. There are 3 types of structura ...
Prep1.1 has essential genetic functions in hindbrain development
... Each row represents one experiment with the same batch of mRNA and/or morpholino (MO). Embryos injected at the one-cell stage were observed at 24 hpf and abnormal phenotypes classified either as S (spacehead-like) (Abdelilah et al., 1996), P (posteriorized) and lzr (lazarus) (Pöpperl et al., 2000). ...
... Each row represents one experiment with the same batch of mRNA and/or morpholino (MO). Embryos injected at the one-cell stage were observed at 24 hpf and abnormal phenotypes classified either as S (spacehead-like) (Abdelilah et al., 1996), P (posteriorized) and lzr (lazarus) (Pöpperl et al., 2000). ...
Prep1.1 has essential genetic functions in hindbrain development
... Each row represents one experiment with the same batch of mRNA and/or morpholino (MO). Embryos injected at the one-cell stage were observed at 24 hpf and abnormal phenotypes classified either as S (spacehead-like) (Abdelilah et al., 1996), P (posteriorized) and lzr (lazarus) (Pöpperl et al., 2000). ...
... Each row represents one experiment with the same batch of mRNA and/or morpholino (MO). Embryos injected at the one-cell stage were observed at 24 hpf and abnormal phenotypes classified either as S (spacehead-like) (Abdelilah et al., 1996), P (posteriorized) and lzr (lazarus) (Pöpperl et al., 2000). ...
Detecting copy number variants and runs of homozygosity on a
... a combination of segmental heterodisomy and isodisomy caused by meiotic recombination events. The segments are typically very large, exceeding well over 10 Mb12, 13. In cases of BeckwithWiedemann, paternally inherited, segmental isodisomy of chromosome 11 is always seen; however, the size of the seg ...
... a combination of segmental heterodisomy and isodisomy caused by meiotic recombination events. The segments are typically very large, exceeding well over 10 Mb12, 13. In cases of BeckwithWiedemann, paternally inherited, segmental isodisomy of chromosome 11 is always seen; however, the size of the seg ...
drosophila melanogaster.
... number of parents is likely to have been less than N , the actual number of parents. On this basis the inbreeding coefficient is expected to have been underestimated. On the other hand, these calculations do not apply to loci on most if not all of the third chromosome where heterozygosity was artifi ...
... number of parents is likely to have been less than N , the actual number of parents. On this basis the inbreeding coefficient is expected to have been underestimated. On the other hand, these calculations do not apply to loci on most if not all of the third chromosome where heterozygosity was artifi ...
SARS Outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore
... • Haploid (n): An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes • Gamete: Reproductive cells involved in fertilization. The ovum is the female gamete; the spermatozoon is the male gamete. • Meiosis: A process for cell division from diploid to haploid (2n n) (two biological advantage ...
... • Haploid (n): An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes • Gamete: Reproductive cells involved in fertilization. The ovum is the female gamete; the spermatozoon is the male gamete. • Meiosis: A process for cell division from diploid to haploid (2n n) (two biological advantage ...
Sequence Alignment - Bilkent University
... NT_008541 (red). Three ESTs that map to this locus are presented (purple), 38 other ESTs that align to the locus are not displayed to save space. Gaps in the alignment of mRNAs represent introns in the DNA. Four exons (marked I, II, III, and IV) are inferred from the presented alignment. Exon II is ...
... NT_008541 (red). Three ESTs that map to this locus are presented (purple), 38 other ESTs that align to the locus are not displayed to save space. Gaps in the alignment of mRNAs represent introns in the DNA. Four exons (marked I, II, III, and IV) are inferred from the presented alignment. Exon II is ...
Genetics and statistical association between lethal alleles and
... load, same population with presence of lethal factors like deficient chlorophyll mutations; c) Colosal without ...
... load, same population with presence of lethal factors like deficient chlorophyll mutations; c) Colosal without ...
Identification of Full and Partial Class Relevant Genes
... In MBE-MOMA, the evolutionary operators include binary tournament selection [24], uniform crossover, and mutation operators [29]. Note that when two chromosomes are found having similar fitness on each objective (i.e., for a misclassification error of less than one data instance, the difference betw ...
... In MBE-MOMA, the evolutionary operators include binary tournament selection [24], uniform crossover, and mutation operators [29]. Note that when two chromosomes are found having similar fitness on each objective (i.e., for a misclassification error of less than one data instance, the difference betw ...
A method for finding molecular signatures from gene expression data
... A possible definition: “(...) a group of genes expressed in a specific cell lineage or stage of differentiation or during particular biological response.” (Rosenwald et al., 2002, N. Eng. J. Med., 346, p. 1942) Often used as independent variables to model clinically relevant information (cancer vs. ...
... A possible definition: “(...) a group of genes expressed in a specific cell lineage or stage of differentiation or during particular biological response.” (Rosenwald et al., 2002, N. Eng. J. Med., 346, p. 1942) Often used as independent variables to model clinically relevant information (cancer vs. ...
genetics and cytogenetics
... so stained stand o.l.lt in marked contrast to the rest of the cell, and their structure is much more easily observed than it is in the living condition. In the resting nucleus is always found the karyolymph or nuclear sap, a clear fluid consisting mainly of proteins. In fixed and stained nuclei, the ...
... so stained stand o.l.lt in marked contrast to the rest of the cell, and their structure is much more easily observed than it is in the living condition. In the resting nucleus is always found the karyolymph or nuclear sap, a clear fluid consisting mainly of proteins. In fixed and stained nuclei, the ...
Full Text
... select for moderate levels of PBC while selecting for Sr2. The genetic basis of the association between the durable rust resistance genes and the traits LTN and PBC is not completely understood. Despite the detection of many Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for LTN (Messmer et al., 2000; Schnurbusch et ...
... select for moderate levels of PBC while selecting for Sr2. The genetic basis of the association between the durable rust resistance genes and the traits LTN and PBC is not completely understood. Despite the detection of many Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for LTN (Messmer et al., 2000; Schnurbusch et ...
Genetics - Michael
... of food-producing species that can survive in drought conditions and nutrient-poor soils. This has greatly benefited our ability to produce food in areas of the world plagued by starvation. Plant geneticists have also developed techniques to produce transgenic and genetically modified plant species ...
... of food-producing species that can survive in drought conditions and nutrient-poor soils. This has greatly benefited our ability to produce food in areas of the world plagued by starvation. Plant geneticists have also developed techniques to produce transgenic and genetically modified plant species ...
Leukaemia Section 11q23 rearrangements in leukaemia Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Xq13 is AFX1, a transcription regulator. - t(1;11)(p32;q23): rare; ALL and ANLL; the gene involved in 1p32 is AF1P. - t(1;11)(q21;q23): rare; mostly M4 ANLL; the gene involved in 1q21 is AF1q. - t(2;11)(p21;q23): rare; ANLL and MDS; may be found associated with del(5q). - t(3;11)(p21;q23): very rare ...
... Xq13 is AFX1, a transcription regulator. - t(1;11)(p32;q23): rare; ALL and ANLL; the gene involved in 1p32 is AF1P. - t(1;11)(q21;q23): rare; mostly M4 ANLL; the gene involved in 1q21 is AF1q. - t(2;11)(p21;q23): rare; ANLL and MDS; may be found associated with del(5q). - t(3;11)(p21;q23): very rare ...
PDF
... genetic material (haploid and 'anucleate' embryos obtained by inactivation of one or both of the gametes with X-rays). It was with loach embryos that morphogenetic function of nuclei was studied for the first time using the method of radiation-induced inactivation of nuclei; it was shown that the nu ...
... genetic material (haploid and 'anucleate' embryos obtained by inactivation of one or both of the gametes with X-rays). It was with loach embryos that morphogenetic function of nuclei was studied for the first time using the method of radiation-induced inactivation of nuclei; it was shown that the nu ...
M2 RNA Pol Ⅰ genes
... the upstream control element (UCE). B upstream binding factor (UBF) binds to both the UCE and the upstream part of the core element of the RNA Pol I promoter. C selectivity factor SLl stabilizes the UBF-DNA complex. D SL1 contains several subunits including the TATA-binding protein TBP. E in Acantha ...
... the upstream control element (UCE). B upstream binding factor (UBF) binds to both the UCE and the upstream part of the core element of the RNA Pol I promoter. C selectivity factor SLl stabilizes the UBF-DNA complex. D SL1 contains several subunits including the TATA-binding protein TBP. E in Acantha ...
M.Tevfik Dorak, BA (Hons), MD, Ph.D.
... In 1985 sequences of DNA were discovered which were present at many sites in the genome and which varied in the numbers of copies present at any one location. Human fingerprints though composed of only a few basic elements, lines whorls and loops, are unique to any individual. In the same way, the p ...
... In 1985 sequences of DNA were discovered which were present at many sites in the genome and which varied in the numbers of copies present at any one location. Human fingerprints though composed of only a few basic elements, lines whorls and loops, are unique to any individual. In the same way, the p ...
Polyploidy Enhances F Pollen Sterility Loci
... interactions between pollen sterility loci during pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis in intersubspecific autotetraploid rice hybrids. Microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome profiling are helpful tools for characterizing molecular aspects of male and female gametophyte development in ...
... interactions between pollen sterility loci during pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis in intersubspecific autotetraploid rice hybrids. Microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome profiling are helpful tools for characterizing molecular aspects of male and female gametophyte development in ...
Turning Meiosis into Mitosis - IJPB
... Interestingly, the OSD1 paralogue UVI4 is necessary for maintaining the mitotic state, and loss of UVI4 function stimulates endo-reduplication, whereas OSD1 is not required for this process [13]. Meiosis is not affected when UVI4 is disrupted (unpublished data). This suggests that UVI4 and OSD1 are ...
... Interestingly, the OSD1 paralogue UVI4 is necessary for maintaining the mitotic state, and loss of UVI4 function stimulates endo-reduplication, whereas OSD1 is not required for this process [13]. Meiosis is not affected when UVI4 is disrupted (unpublished data). This suggests that UVI4 and OSD1 are ...
Mary Ann Osley*, Alastair Fleming, and Cheng
... histones - levels that are in part accounted for by the dynamic nature of histone ubiquitylation. The ubiquitin mark turns over continually throughout mitotic cell growth, and during mitosis the core histones are globally deubiquitylated at metaphase and reubiquitylated as cells enter anaphase{Seale ...
... histones - levels that are in part accounted for by the dynamic nature of histone ubiquitylation. The ubiquitin mark turns over continually throughout mitotic cell growth, and during mitosis the core histones are globally deubiquitylated at metaphase and reubiquitylated as cells enter anaphase{Seale ...
The Rate and Tract Length of Gene Conversion between
... There are two potential approaches to estimate the rate and tract length of gene conversion. A straightforward empirical approach involves mutation (i.e., gene conversion) accumulation studies, in which the rate of gene conversion can be directly estimated. The other is an evolutionary approach, whi ...
... There are two potential approaches to estimate the rate and tract length of gene conversion. A straightforward empirical approach involves mutation (i.e., gene conversion) accumulation studies, in which the rate of gene conversion can be directly estimated. The other is an evolutionary approach, whi ...
Neutral and Non-Neutral Evolution of Duplicated Genes with Gene
... to maintain the process of gene conversion in duplicated genes in which higher dosage is favored. The human Y chromosome contains many genes that undergo frequent gene conversion [8]. These genes are expressed in the testis and are thought to be under strong selective pressure for higher dosage beca ...
... to maintain the process of gene conversion in duplicated genes in which higher dosage is favored. The human Y chromosome contains many genes that undergo frequent gene conversion [8]. These genes are expressed in the testis and are thought to be under strong selective pressure for higher dosage beca ...
The Co-Evolution of Genes and Culture Pedigrees and the
... lactose tolerant. They can also be referred to as being lactase persistent, meaning that lactase production persists beyond childhood. (People who no longer produce lactase as adults are called lactase nonpersistent.) Genetic studies suggest that lactose tolerance arose among human populations in th ...
... lactose tolerant. They can also be referred to as being lactase persistent, meaning that lactase production persists beyond childhood. (People who no longer produce lactase as adults are called lactase nonpersistent.) Genetic studies suggest that lactose tolerance arose among human populations in th ...
two loci affecting b cell responses to b cell
... responsiveness to BMFs is dominant over nonresponsiveness in heterozygotes. We have termed this locus BMF responsiveness-1 (Bmfr-1) with nonresponsive and responsive alleles nr and r, respectively. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3, BMF responsiveness in these young backcross mice was tightly linked t ...
... responsiveness to BMFs is dominant over nonresponsiveness in heterozygotes. We have termed this locus BMF responsiveness-1 (Bmfr-1) with nonresponsive and responsive alleles nr and r, respectively. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3, BMF responsiveness in these young backcross mice was tightly linked t ...
The physics behind the larger scale organization of DNA in eukaryotes
... In this paper, we discuss in detail the organization of chromatin during a cell cycle at several levels. We show that current experimental data on large-scale chromatin organization have not yet reached the level of precision to allow for detailed modeling. We speculate in some detail about the poss ...
... In this paper, we discuss in detail the organization of chromatin during a cell cycle at several levels. We show that current experimental data on large-scale chromatin organization have not yet reached the level of precision to allow for detailed modeling. We speculate in some detail about the poss ...
X-inactivation
X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.