Neural systems for guilt from actions affecting self versus others
... were partitioned into three conditions: (i) the guilt-self condition depicted actions by the participant that resulted in negative consequences to the participant, (ii) the guilt-other condition depicted actions by the participant that resulted in negative consequences to someone other than the part ...
... were partitioned into three conditions: (i) the guilt-self condition depicted actions by the participant that resulted in negative consequences to the participant, (ii) the guilt-other condition depicted actions by the participant that resulted in negative consequences to someone other than the part ...
Introduction to Motivation and Emotion
... – 3. Cue Utilization Hypothesis • With increased arousal, less attention is given to problem cues. ...
... – 3. Cue Utilization Hypothesis • With increased arousal, less attention is given to problem cues. ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... An intriguing question centers on the role of sensory information in prefrontal cortices. Another question is how the prefrontal cortex uses sensory information in comparison with other highorder association cortices, such as the parietal cortex (for review, see [121]. One way to begin to address th ...
... An intriguing question centers on the role of sensory information in prefrontal cortices. Another question is how the prefrontal cortex uses sensory information in comparison with other highorder association cortices, such as the parietal cortex (for review, see [121]. One way to begin to address th ...
Somatosensory processes subserving perception and action
... suggests that the APC is important for the processing of simple somatosensory features related to both the stimulus and the part of the body that has been stimulated. Moreover, recent optical imaging of a tactile illusion suggests that the APC codes the perceived rather than physical location of per ...
... suggests that the APC is important for the processing of simple somatosensory features related to both the stimulus and the part of the body that has been stimulated. Moreover, recent optical imaging of a tactile illusion suggests that the APC codes the perceived rather than physical location of per ...
PATHWAYS FOR EMOTION : INTERACTIONS OF PREFRONTAL AND THE RHESUS MONKEY
... Olmos, 1990). Disruption of these pathways seriously a¡ects emotional expression, as exempli¢ed by the inability of patients with orbitofrontal lesions to respond autonomically in emotional situations (Damasio et al., 1990; for review see Kling and Steklis, 1976). Even though such patients have inta ...
... Olmos, 1990). Disruption of these pathways seriously a¡ects emotional expression, as exempli¢ed by the inability of patients with orbitofrontal lesions to respond autonomically in emotional situations (Damasio et al., 1990; for review see Kling and Steklis, 1976). Even though such patients have inta ...
An Adaptation for Altruism? The Social Causes, Social Effects, and
... grateful toward a benefactor exerted more effort to help the benefactor on an unrelated task (i.e., completing a boring and cognitively taxing survey) than did nongrateful participants. They were also more likely to help a stranger (that is, someone who had not helped them) than were nongrateful par ...
... grateful toward a benefactor exerted more effort to help the benefactor on an unrelated task (i.e., completing a boring and cognitively taxing survey) than did nongrateful participants. They were also more likely to help a stranger (that is, someone who had not helped them) than were nongrateful par ...
Fear Models in Animals and Humans
... While the amygdala is critical for fear learning to specific cues, in many circumstances the learned fear response extends to the larger context in which the aversive event occurred. This contextual fear is adaptive in that the location and circumstances under which dangerous events occur can be as ...
... While the amygdala is critical for fear learning to specific cues, in many circumstances the learned fear response extends to the larger context in which the aversive event occurred. This contextual fear is adaptive in that the location and circumstances under which dangerous events occur can be as ...
NORMATIVE AND PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AVERSIVE
... and associated organismic factors in anxiety disorders remains limited. First, there is an exclusive focus on fear learning, despite research suggesting that disgust is the primary emotional response to threat in certain anxiety disorders. Second, relatively little is known about the effects of aver ...
... and associated organismic factors in anxiety disorders remains limited. First, there is an exclusive focus on fear learning, despite research suggesting that disgust is the primary emotional response to threat in certain anxiety disorders. Second, relatively little is known about the effects of aver ...
Evolving concepts of developmental auditory processing disorder
... the long term (Krishnan et al, 2005; Kraus & Chandrasekaran, 2010), it seems unlikely that such measures will prove any more useful than direct behavioural measures of low-level sensory processes. Some speech-based hearing tasks may be better predictors (e.g. LiSN-S; Cameron & Dillon, 2008), but the ...
... the long term (Krishnan et al, 2005; Kraus & Chandrasekaran, 2010), it seems unlikely that such measures will prove any more useful than direct behavioural measures of low-level sensory processes. Some speech-based hearing tasks may be better predictors (e.g. LiSN-S; Cameron & Dillon, 2008), but the ...
Affective percept and voluntary action: A hypothesis
... systems. Accordingly, we will distinguish food affective stimuli, esthetic affective stimuli, etc. Different affective stimuli evoke the corresponding affective percepts and the latter can be divided according to the same four criteria. The division of affective percepts according to criteria 1 and ...
... systems. Accordingly, we will distinguish food affective stimuli, esthetic affective stimuli, etc. Different affective stimuli evoke the corresponding affective percepts and the latter can be divided according to the same four criteria. The division of affective percepts according to criteria 1 and ...
Sub-exemplar Shape Tuning in Human Face
... this high performance is poorly understood. Two extreme alternatives can be considered: either a ‘‘labeled-line’’ principle, in which subtle changes in face images lead to activation of differently tuned neuronal populations, or a coarse coding principle, where the high face selectivity is coded by ...
... this high performance is poorly understood. Two extreme alternatives can be considered: either a ‘‘labeled-line’’ principle, in which subtle changes in face images lead to activation of differently tuned neuronal populations, or a coarse coding principle, where the high face selectivity is coded by ...
Mareckova, Klara (2013) Sex differences and the role of sex
... that fusiform face area (FFA), brain region located in the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe, responds more to faces than other objects. Lesions in this area are characteristic for people with prosopagnosia, the “face-blindness” disease (Barton et al., 2002; Farah, 1990). Further research describ ...
... that fusiform face area (FFA), brain region located in the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe, responds more to faces than other objects. Lesions in this area are characteristic for people with prosopagnosia, the “face-blindness” disease (Barton et al., 2002; Farah, 1990). Further research describ ...
A Neural Theory of Visual Attention
... of the object (parallel processing with differential allocation of resources). More specifically, the probability that a cortical neuron represents a particular object within its classical receptive field (RF) equals the attentional weight of the object divided by the sum of the attentional weights ...
... of the object (parallel processing with differential allocation of resources). More specifically, the probability that a cortical neuron represents a particular object within its classical receptive field (RF) equals the attentional weight of the object divided by the sum of the attentional weights ...
JERZY KONORSKI`S THEORY OF CONDITIONED
... to their association. As the result of association, the conditioned stimulus becomes, according to Pavlov, a "substitute" for the unconditioned stimulus and evokes a response similar to that observed to the unconditioned stimulus presented alone (24). In contrast to that in instrumental canditionin ...
... to their association. As the result of association, the conditioned stimulus becomes, according to Pavlov, a "substitute" for the unconditioned stimulus and evokes a response similar to that observed to the unconditioned stimulus presented alone (24). In contrast to that in instrumental canditionin ...
The multisensory roles for auditory cortex in primate vocal
... behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors is a given. The fundamental question is thus: how do these multiple auditory areas mediate specific behaviors through their interactions with each other and with other sensory and motor systems? ...
... behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors is a given. The fundamental question is thus: how do these multiple auditory areas mediate specific behaviors through their interactions with each other and with other sensory and motor systems? ...
Lecture 14 Olfaction
... Mitral cells: The deepest layer of neurons in the olfactory bulb. Each mitral cell responds to only a few specific odorants. Granule cells: Also in the deepest layer of neurons in the olfactory bulb, along with the mitral cells. Granule cells comprise an extensive network of inhibitory neurons, inte ...
... Mitral cells: The deepest layer of neurons in the olfactory bulb. Each mitral cell responds to only a few specific odorants. Granule cells: Also in the deepest layer of neurons in the olfactory bulb, along with the mitral cells. Granule cells comprise an extensive network of inhibitory neurons, inte ...
BMC Neuroscience Serial pathways from primate prefrontal cortex to autonomic areas
... How is information from the cortex transmitted to the periphery? We used two parallel approaches to map simultaneously multiple pathways to determine if hypothalamic autonomic centres are a key link for orbitofrontal areas and medial prefrontal areas, which have been associated with emotional proces ...
... How is information from the cortex transmitted to the periphery? We used two parallel approaches to map simultaneously multiple pathways to determine if hypothalamic autonomic centres are a key link for orbitofrontal areas and medial prefrontal areas, which have been associated with emotional proces ...
ATTENTIONAL MODULATION OF VISUAL PROCESSING John H
... of luminance contrast, two of which (5%, bottom panel, and 10%, middle panel) were too faint to elicit a response. That is, they were both below the neuron’s contrast-response threshold. The third contrast (80%, top panel) was above the level of contrast at which the neuronal response saturated. The ...
... of luminance contrast, two of which (5%, bottom panel, and 10%, middle panel) were too faint to elicit a response. That is, they were both below the neuron’s contrast-response threshold. The third contrast (80%, top panel) was above the level of contrast at which the neuronal response saturated. The ...
CONSTRUCTIVE JOURNALISM: THE EFFECTS OF POSITIVE
... remaining committed to journalism’s core functions. This approach offers a way to rehabilitate journalism, given the field’s steady stream of negative, conflict-based news that has resulted in weary news audiences, among other undesirable effects. Exploring the concept of constructive journalism, th ...
... remaining committed to journalism’s core functions. This approach offers a way to rehabilitate journalism, given the field’s steady stream of negative, conflict-based news that has resulted in weary news audiences, among other undesirable effects. Exploring the concept of constructive journalism, th ...
Experience-Dependent Sharpening of Visual Shape Selectivity in
... neuronal responses are modified by long-term visual experience or training. Logothetis and others (1995) found that ITC neurons responded selectively to recently learned views of novel objects and showed orientation-dependent responses to objects during image-plane rotation. Kobatake and Tanaka (1998 ...
... neuronal responses are modified by long-term visual experience or training. Logothetis and others (1995) found that ITC neurons responded selectively to recently learned views of novel objects and showed orientation-dependent responses to objects during image-plane rotation. Kobatake and Tanaka (1998 ...
Flow of information for emotions through temporal and orbitofrontal pathways REVIEW
... eulaminate 1). The caudally adjacent areas, including areas 13, OPro and orbital area 25, are dysgranular in type, characterized by the presence of a thin and incipient granular layer 4 (Fig. 1B). The most caudally located orbitofrontal cortex lacks a granular layer 4, and is thus agranular in type ...
... eulaminate 1). The caudally adjacent areas, including areas 13, OPro and orbital area 25, are dysgranular in type, characterized by the presence of a thin and incipient granular layer 4 (Fig. 1B). The most caudally located orbitofrontal cortex lacks a granular layer 4, and is thus agranular in type ...
Functional Neuronal Processing of Body Odors
... activation by electroencephalography have demonstrated that our brains treat individual body odors differently depending on their origin (Pause et al. 1999, 2006). Body odors originating from oneself receive preferential processing compared with those from others (Pause et al. 1999). Our brains seem ...
... activation by electroencephalography have demonstrated that our brains treat individual body odors differently depending on their origin (Pause et al. 1999, 2006). Body odors originating from oneself receive preferential processing compared with those from others (Pause et al. 1999). Our brains seem ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
Cellular Mechanisms in the Amygdala Involved in Memory
... The most detailed behavioral studies from bilateral lesion of the primate temporal lobe suggest that the temporal lobe including amygadala is involved in processing emotion (Klüver & Bucy, 1937). In this study, monkeys with bilateral temporal lobe lesions tried to eat inedible objects, to copulate w ...
... The most detailed behavioral studies from bilateral lesion of the primate temporal lobe suggest that the temporal lobe including amygadala is involved in processing emotion (Klüver & Bucy, 1937). In this study, monkeys with bilateral temporal lobe lesions tried to eat inedible objects, to copulate w ...
Heterogeneous Integration of Bilateral Whisker Signals by Neurons
... activity in general. A topographic organization does not prohibit lateral interactions, but implies that they should be relatively local. In particular, SI cortex is understood to encode stimulations of the contralateral whisker pad. Such a view is apparently supported by behavioral experiments demo ...
... activity in general. A topographic organization does not prohibit lateral interactions, but implies that they should be relatively local. In particular, SI cortex is understood to encode stimulations of the contralateral whisker pad. Such a view is apparently supported by behavioral experiments demo ...