Rb is required for progression through myogenic differentiation but
... both stimulate cell cycle progression. In contrast, myotubes express high levels of p21 and hypophosphorylated pRb. Despite the abundance of hypophosphorylated pRb, p130– E2F4 complexes are the predominant E2F complexes in the myotube (Corbeil et al., 1995). Terminal differentiation and protection a ...
... both stimulate cell cycle progression. In contrast, myotubes express high levels of p21 and hypophosphorylated pRb. Despite the abundance of hypophosphorylated pRb, p130– E2F4 complexes are the predominant E2F complexes in the myotube (Corbeil et al., 1995). Terminal differentiation and protection a ...
deltoid muscles
... • Descending (superior) fibers elevate the scapula (e.g., when squaring the shoulders). • Middle fibers retract the scapula (i.e., pull it posteriorly). • Ascending (inferior) fibers depress the scapula and lower the shoulder. Movement to 180 degrees (elevation) is brought about by rotation of the ...
... • Descending (superior) fibers elevate the scapula (e.g., when squaring the shoulders). • Middle fibers retract the scapula (i.e., pull it posteriorly). • Ascending (inferior) fibers depress the scapula and lower the shoulder. Movement to 180 degrees (elevation) is brought about by rotation of the ...
Folie 1 - German Cancer Research Center
... MHC enhancer segment: enhancer A, IRE interferon response element, enhancer B MHC class I expression can be regulated by Interferon (IFN-g). IFN-g also induces the key components of the intracellular machinery that enables peptides to be loaded onto MHC class I molecules ...
... MHC enhancer segment: enhancer A, IRE interferon response element, enhancer B MHC class I expression can be regulated by Interferon (IFN-g). IFN-g also induces the key components of the intracellular machinery that enables peptides to be loaded onto MHC class I molecules ...
Dissection 9: Pharynx, Larynx, and Ear
... iii. Vocal folds are the true vocal cords and they control sound production/tone. Each vocal fold consists of a vocal ligament and a vocalis muscle. Besides phonation, they also serve as the main sphincter of the respiratory tract when they are tightly closed (e.g. completely adducted). iv. Muscular ...
... iii. Vocal folds are the true vocal cords and they control sound production/tone. Each vocal fold consists of a vocal ligament and a vocalis muscle. Besides phonation, they also serve as the main sphincter of the respiratory tract when they are tightly closed (e.g. completely adducted). iv. Muscular ...
deltoid muscles
... • Descending (superior) fibers elevate the scapula (e.g., when squaring the shoulders). • Middle fibers retract the scapula (i.e., pull it posteriorly). • Ascending (inferior) fibers depress the scapula and lower the shoulder. Movement to 180 degrees (elevation) is brought about by rotation of the ...
... • Descending (superior) fibers elevate the scapula (e.g., when squaring the shoulders). • Middle fibers retract the scapula (i.e., pull it posteriorly). • Ascending (inferior) fibers depress the scapula and lower the shoulder. Movement to 180 degrees (elevation) is brought about by rotation of the ...
Lateral pterygoid muscle attachment type is related to the
... Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate if correlation exists between Lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) attachment type and Anterior disc displacement (ADD), disc degeneration or articular surface degeneration in the population of central India. Methods: Patients with complains of pain, clicking, ...
... Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate if correlation exists between Lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) attachment type and Anterior disc displacement (ADD), disc degeneration or articular surface degeneration in the population of central India. Methods: Patients with complains of pain, clicking, ...
An unusual variation of an additional plantaris originating from the
... calcaneal tendon. Its motor function is so minimal that its long tendon can readily be harvested for reconstruction elsewhere with little function. Although the plantaris does have little importance, there are injuries that can occur. It can ...
... calcaneal tendon. Its motor function is so minimal that its long tendon can readily be harvested for reconstruction elsewhere with little function. Although the plantaris does have little importance, there are injuries that can occur. It can ...
The role of mTOR signaling in the regulation of protein synthesis
... atrophy should be focused on defining the mTOR-independent mechanism. In addition to this fundamental conclusion, the authors have also convincingly demonstrated that, during immobilization, the activation of mTOR signaling can prevent declines in protein synthesis and muscle mass. This observation ...
... atrophy should be focused on defining the mTOR-independent mechanism. In addition to this fundamental conclusion, the authors have also convincingly demonstrated that, during immobilization, the activation of mTOR signaling can prevent declines in protein synthesis and muscle mass. This observation ...
Physiological effects of shortwave diathermy
... cable, covered by a nylon garment. This type of shortwave diathermy heats tissues that are good electrical conductors, such as blood vessels and muscle. Adipose tissue receives little heating by induction fields because an electrical current is not actually going through the tissues. Induction diath ...
... cable, covered by a nylon garment. This type of shortwave diathermy heats tissues that are good electrical conductors, such as blood vessels and muscle. Adipose tissue receives little heating by induction fields because an electrical current is not actually going through the tissues. Induction diath ...
Muscle precursor cells isolated from aged rats exhibit
... One contributing factor to sarcopenia is its diminished capacity for skeletal muscle regeneration (Brooks & Faulkner, 1990), hypertrophy (Alway et al., 2002), and regrowth after a bout of atrophy (Chakravarthy et al., 2000). In skeletal muscle, the resident stem cells responsible for growth and repa ...
... One contributing factor to sarcopenia is its diminished capacity for skeletal muscle regeneration (Brooks & Faulkner, 1990), hypertrophy (Alway et al., 2002), and regrowth after a bout of atrophy (Chakravarthy et al., 2000). In skeletal muscle, the resident stem cells responsible for growth and repa ...
Palpating Bony Prominences Palpating Muscle Bellies
... the ulna. A depression can be felt at the junction between these two structures, indicating the presence of an articular disk. It is easy for the thumb and the index finger to hold onto the dorsal triquetrum and palmar pisiform and to move these bones, with the articular disk, opposite the head of t ...
... the ulna. A depression can be felt at the junction between these two structures, indicating the presence of an articular disk. It is easy for the thumb and the index finger to hold onto the dorsal triquetrum and palmar pisiform and to move these bones, with the articular disk, opposite the head of t ...
PAC01 Abdomen
... subcutaneous connective tissue, muscles, fascia, and peritoneum. The superficial fascia of the anteriolateral abd wall is also referred to as subcutaneous connective tissue. It is located over most of the abd wall and consists of one layer with varying amounts of fat. In the inferior part of the wal ...
... subcutaneous connective tissue, muscles, fascia, and peritoneum. The superficial fascia of the anteriolateral abd wall is also referred to as subcutaneous connective tissue. It is located over most of the abd wall and consists of one layer with varying amounts of fat. In the inferior part of the wal ...
Slide 1 - Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics
... simulated motions of (a) abduction in the scapular plane, (b) abduction in the coronal plane, and (c) anterior flexion in the sagittal plane. As in most studies in the literature, the scapula was considered fixed during the elevation of the arm. Positive moment arms assist the elevation of the arm, ...
... simulated motions of (a) abduction in the scapular plane, (b) abduction in the coronal plane, and (c) anterior flexion in the sagittal plane. As in most studies in the literature, the scapula was considered fixed during the elevation of the arm. Positive moment arms assist the elevation of the arm, ...
Large Intestine
... The peritoneum covers the anterior and lateral surfaces of the first third of the rectum and only the anterior surface of the middle third, leaving the lower third devoid of peritoneum . The muscular coat of the rectum is arranged in the usual outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth m ...
... The peritoneum covers the anterior and lateral surfaces of the first third of the rectum and only the anterior surface of the middle third, leaving the lower third devoid of peritoneum . The muscular coat of the rectum is arranged in the usual outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth m ...
Large Intestine
... The peritoneum covers the anterior and lateral surfaces of the first third of the rectum and only the anterior surface of the middle third, leaving the lower third devoid of peritoneum . The muscular coat of the rectum is arranged in the usual outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth m ...
... The peritoneum covers the anterior and lateral surfaces of the first third of the rectum and only the anterior surface of the middle third, leaving the lower third devoid of peritoneum . The muscular coat of the rectum is arranged in the usual outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth m ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... and in no case reach the extensor expansion independently for insertion. Accessory belly is an additional origin from the tendons of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, FDP and metacarpals in the palm and eventually attached to the main belly. Double or supernumerary lumbricals a ...
... and in no case reach the extensor expansion independently for insertion. Accessory belly is an additional origin from the tendons of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, FDP and metacarpals in the palm and eventually attached to the main belly. Double or supernumerary lumbricals a ...
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
... - Composed of dense fibrous connective tissue devoid of any blood vessels or nerve fibers - Sagittal plane ~ can be divided into 3 regions according to thickness - anterior border - posterior border ~ slightly thicker than anterior border - central area is the thinnest ~ intermediate zone ~ in which ...
... - Composed of dense fibrous connective tissue devoid of any blood vessels or nerve fibers - Sagittal plane ~ can be divided into 3 regions according to thickness - anterior border - posterior border ~ slightly thicker than anterior border - central area is the thinnest ~ intermediate zone ~ in which ...
Biomechanical Principles
... Moment arm—the perpendicular distance from the line of action of a force on a lever to its fulcrum Muscle force—force generated by biochemical activity which tends to draw the opposite ends of a muscle towards each other Pennate muscle—a muscle whose fibers have a featherlike arrangement Power—the t ...
... Moment arm—the perpendicular distance from the line of action of a force on a lever to its fulcrum Muscle force—force generated by biochemical activity which tends to draw the opposite ends of a muscle towards each other Pennate muscle—a muscle whose fibers have a featherlike arrangement Power—the t ...
Aberrant muscles at the Guyon`s canal
... During routine anatomical dissections two cases of unusually structured abductor digiti minimi muscle were discovered. In the first case, the variant muscle body was composed of three well-defined portions: lateral, intermediate and medial. The three portions fused in a common muscular body that att ...
... During routine anatomical dissections two cases of unusually structured abductor digiti minimi muscle were discovered. In the first case, the variant muscle body was composed of three well-defined portions: lateral, intermediate and medial. The three portions fused in a common muscular body that att ...
Sheet 1
... the midline on the outer surface of the upper lip and it’s called the Philtrum (a groove between two philtral columns). ...
... the midline on the outer surface of the upper lip and it’s called the Philtrum (a groove between two philtral columns). ...
Thieme: An Illustrated Handbook of Flap
... The tensor fasciae latae muscle arises from the anterior part of the outer lip of the iliac crest and is invested in a double fascial layer. These fascial layers blend at the junction between the upper and the middle thirds of the lateral aspect of the thigh and course down as the ilio-tibial tract ...
... The tensor fasciae latae muscle arises from the anterior part of the outer lip of the iliac crest and is invested in a double fascial layer. These fascial layers blend at the junction between the upper and the middle thirds of the lateral aspect of the thigh and course down as the ilio-tibial tract ...
Development and Validation of a New Technique for
... to the base of the skull and extends over the prevertebral muscles (longus capitis, rectus capitis, and longus colli muscles) to attach distally at the T4 vertebra, just beyond the longus colli muscle. This position of the fascia forms a plane along which the injected fluid can flow. Given that only ...
... to the base of the skull and extends over the prevertebral muscles (longus capitis, rectus capitis, and longus colli muscles) to attach distally at the T4 vertebra, just beyond the longus colli muscle. This position of the fascia forms a plane along which the injected fluid can flow. Given that only ...
1. You are testing the extraocular muscles and their innervation in a
... fissure(CN III, CN IV, CN V1, and CN VI). This can affect the function of the ocular muscles, so one symptom of a cavernous sinus infection might be an inability to perform different eye movements. The carotid artery and middle meningeal artery would not be the source of the infections. Infections d ...
... fissure(CN III, CN IV, CN V1, and CN VI). This can affect the function of the ocular muscles, so one symptom of a cavernous sinus infection might be an inability to perform different eye movements. The carotid artery and middle meningeal artery would not be the source of the infections. Infections d ...
GbPDF1 Is Involved in Cotton Fiber Initiation via
... PDF1 in the fiber-bearing ovules of RNAi transgenic plants compared with the wild type (WT). The signal of 32P-labeled PDF1 transcripts (top) and the ethidium bromide staining of the RNA gel showing equal loading (bottom) are shown. B, Protein abundance of PDF1 was decreased in the RNAi ovules accor ...
... PDF1 in the fiber-bearing ovules of RNAi transgenic plants compared with the wild type (WT). The signal of 32P-labeled PDF1 transcripts (top) and the ethidium bromide staining of the RNA gel showing equal loading (bottom) are shown. B, Protein abundance of PDF1 was decreased in the RNAi ovules accor ...
Applied anatomy of the elbow - A System of Orthopaedic Medicine
... facet exactly follows the shape of the humeral capitulum. Because it articulates with the capitulotrochlear sulcus at the ulnar side, it allows pronation–supination movements as well. • The upper radioulnar joint is a trochoid (cone-shaped) joint. The circumference of the head of the radius articul ...
... facet exactly follows the shape of the humeral capitulum. Because it articulates with the capitulotrochlear sulcus at the ulnar side, it allows pronation–supination movements as well. • The upper radioulnar joint is a trochoid (cone-shaped) joint. The circumference of the head of the radius articul ...
Myocyte
A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of cell found in muscle tissue. Myocytes are long, tubular cells that develop from myoblasts to form muscles in a process known as myogenesis. There are various specialized forms of myocytes: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells, with various properties. The striated cells of cardiac and skeletal muscles are referred to as muscle fibers. Cardiomyocytes are the muscle fibres that form the chambers of the heart, and have a single central nucleus. Skeletal muscle fibers help support and move the body and tend to have peripheral nuclei. Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the stomach.