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thesis
thesis

... state of fermions is obtained by anti-symmetrising the tensor product of single-particle wave functions, while for bosons the wave function is symmetrised. This procedure long stood as a corner stone of quantum mechanics and is still procedure in many applications. But one may object that in a quant ...
H2 Physics - Yearly Solutions - 2008 - 29+1pp - v3.07
H2 Physics - Yearly Solutions - 2008 - 29+1pp - v3.07

... A uniform magnetic field of flux density B acts at an angle  to the plane of the coil, as shown. ...
plasma ionization by helicon waves
plasma ionization by helicon waves

...  Damping of helicon waves arises, as with AIfven waves, from the drag on electron motion along B caused by collisions or by Landau damping.  A component Ez is then needed to push the electrons in that direction.  To arrive at simple formulae for the damping, we assume the ordering  Which is vali ...
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Read PDF - Physics

2012) all (F I
2012) all (F I

... Day Date Topics Wed 23 Jan Symmetries, conservation laws, and degeneracies; SO(4) and Pauli’s solution to the hydrogen atom Continuous and discrete symmetries Thu 24 Jan Space-inversion (parity) symmetry and applications in nature Mon 28 Jan Lattice translation as a discrete symmetry and Bloch’s Th ...
Phase Transitions in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Systems
Phase Transitions in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Systems

computing
computing

... so-called working bits which are set to zero at the input and return to zero at the output but which can take non-zero values during the computation. What makes quantum function evaluation really interesting is its action on a superposition of different inputs x, for example, X X |x, 0i 7→ |x, f (x) ...
arXiv:quant-ph/0510223v4 1 Jun 2007 Foundations Of Quantum
arXiv:quant-ph/0510223v4 1 Jun 2007 Foundations Of Quantum

Finite size effects in quantum field theory
Finite size effects in quantum field theory

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PDF

Chapter 11 File
Chapter 11 File

... developed the concept of fields to describe these forces. field: a region of influence A field is defined as a region of influence surrounding an object. surrounding an object The concept of fields helps explain the laws of universal gravitation, which you studied in Chapter 4. Consider a space modu ...
Boundless Study Slides
Boundless Study Slides

Synthetic Quantum Systems
Synthetic Quantum Systems

... the microscopic world completely. Among the most fascinating - with classical theory not explainable - results are the wave nature of massive particles [1] and the resulting matter wave interference of these particles. The first experiments on interfering electrons have been realised by Davisson and ...
Time-asymptotic wave propagation in collisionless plasmas
Time-asymptotic wave propagation in collisionless plasmas

Regular/irregular phase space structure of HCN/HNC
Regular/irregular phase space structure of HCN/HNC

... are zero. Generally the number of zero Lyapunov exponents is associated with the number of constants of motion. 25 For a system with three degrees offreedom there are three possibilities: (i) all Lyapunov exponents are zero and the trajectories are quasiperiodic, (ii) there are two positive Lyapunov ...
On the Lamb Vector and the Hydrodynamic Charge
On the Lamb Vector and the Hydrodynamic Charge

... can find also the expression “vortex force” in the literature to denote this vector) represents the Coriolis acceleration of a velocity  field under the effect of its own rotation (usually for solid body rotation, the Coriolis force is built with a rotation vector which is independent of the veloc ...
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Driven Bose-Hubbard model with a parametrically modulated

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In the setup for the Borde-Chu Interferometer (BCI), the phase shift

... is split first by what can be considered effectively as an atomic beam-splitter [9-13]. The split components are then redirected towards each other by atomic mirrors. Finally, the converging components are recombined by another atomic beam splitter. Under these conditions, it is simple to define the ...
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06 _chapter 2

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First DNP Results from a ... 400 MHz and 260 GHz

... relaxation dispersion (NMRD) has been used to estimate correlation times t for a given motional model (spectral density function) [7]. These data can be used to predict x at higher magnetic fields. Recent NMRD measurements on TEMPOL in water at room temperature estimated t to be between 15 to 20 ps ...
A parametric study of the numerical simulations of triggered VLF
A parametric study of the numerical simulations of triggered VLF

Line Integrals
Line Integrals

Electricity Notes (2015/16) - The Dublin School of Grinds
Electricity Notes (2015/16) - The Dublin School of Grinds

... 2.5 nC negative charge and on the line between them. (ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 F m−1) Solution ...
Photon and Graviton Mass Limits
Photon and Graviton Mass Limits

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CORONA
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CORONA

... the material with the higher work function will be charged negatively while the other is charged positively. For some powder materials. they can experience considerable frictional charging during transport from the bed hopper to the electrostatic gun. This charging usually depends on the temperature ...
< 1 ... 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 ... 661 >

Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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