Effects of habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and isolation on the
... only be the result of habitat loss alone, with habitat fragmentation having nil or even positive effects on abundance and species richness. 2. Manipulated alfalfa micro-landscapes and coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are used to test the effects habitat loss (0% or 84%), fragmentation (4 or ...
... only be the result of habitat loss alone, with habitat fragmentation having nil or even positive effects on abundance and species richness. 2. Manipulated alfalfa micro-landscapes and coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are used to test the effects habitat loss (0% or 84%), fragmentation (4 or ...
12 Modelling of large herbivore – vegetation interactions in a
... types, it has clear limitations. For example, animals are distributed each time-step according to a habitat suitability model, but since simulated herds of animals do not actually move from patch to patch, the importance of landscape connectivity or anthropogenic barriers such as roads cannot be rep ...
... types, it has clear limitations. For example, animals are distributed each time-step according to a habitat suitability model, but since simulated herds of animals do not actually move from patch to patch, the importance of landscape connectivity or anthropogenic barriers such as roads cannot be rep ...
The Burren - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
... The Burren has had continuous human settlement for over 6,000 years, thus form and design having evolved in response to various cultural and environmental influences. While the area maintains a strong continuity with the past through the ongoing presence of many historical monuments, it is also the ...
... The Burren has had continuous human settlement for over 6,000 years, thus form and design having evolved in response to various cultural and environmental influences. While the area maintains a strong continuity with the past through the ongoing presence of many historical monuments, it is also the ...
spatial selection and inheritance: applying evolutionary concepts to
... Although the model we derive here is simplistic, it circumvents some limitations of existing modeling frameworks. Previous approaches to incorporating both spatial heterogeneity and limited movement include spatially explicit simulations (Goodwin et al. 2005) and analytical approximations derived fr ...
... Although the model we derive here is simplistic, it circumvents some limitations of existing modeling frameworks. Previous approaches to incorporating both spatial heterogeneity and limited movement include spatially explicit simulations (Goodwin et al. 2005) and analytical approximations derived fr ...
-portal.org Ecology and Evolution
... the 1970s in forests of northern Sweden. Previous studies suggested that this might partly be caused by reduced focal forest patch size due to clear-cutting. Proximity and access to old pine forest and that microhabitats often contains stones have also been suggested previously but never been evalua ...
... the 1970s in forests of northern Sweden. Previous studies suggested that this might partly be caused by reduced focal forest patch size due to clear-cutting. Proximity and access to old pine forest and that microhabitats often contains stones have also been suggested previously but never been evalua ...
Wildebeest - Scientific Research Publishing
... wildebeest population have been reported in the Masai Mara ecosystem by 81% [1], in Botswana by 90% [2], in Kruger National Park by 87% [3] [4] and in Etosha National Park [5]. The declines were attributed to many factors including an anthrax epidemic, elevated predation rates, droughts, veterinary ...
... wildebeest population have been reported in the Masai Mara ecosystem by 81% [1], in Botswana by 90% [2], in Kruger National Park by 87% [3] [4] and in Etosha National Park [5]. The declines were attributed to many factors including an anthrax epidemic, elevated predation rates, droughts, veterinary ...
Document
... medicinal plant – later used for watershed reclamation Nitrogen fixation by Myrica large N input Leaves contain high N content – High decomposition rate Molles: Ecology 2nd Ed. ...
... medicinal plant – later used for watershed reclamation Nitrogen fixation by Myrica large N input Leaves contain high N content – High decomposition rate Molles: Ecology 2nd Ed. ...
asa firth lecture 2015 - Association of Social Anthropologists of the
... to individual organisms, to genes. However, at each scale, autonomous units compete to maximize their interests, in the process creating aggregate effects, including who lives and who dies over the long run. Richard Dawkins’ “selfish gene” is exemplary (Dawkins 1990). Fitness, measured by who leave ...
... to individual organisms, to genes. However, at each scale, autonomous units compete to maximize their interests, in the process creating aggregate effects, including who lives and who dies over the long run. Richard Dawkins’ “selfish gene” is exemplary (Dawkins 1990). Fitness, measured by who leave ...
投影片 1
... early in life, but also brood size should be increased and a large portion of energy flow partitioned to reproduction – a combination of traits recognizable as an re-selection tactic. For stable populations, K-selection. 6. When resources are not strongly limiting, breeding begins at an early age. 7 ...
... early in life, but also brood size should be increased and a large portion of energy flow partitioned to reproduction – a combination of traits recognizable as an re-selection tactic. For stable populations, K-selection. 6. When resources are not strongly limiting, breeding begins at an early age. 7 ...
Dimensional approaches to designing better experimental
... a more realistic experimental model of nature (e.g., Margalef 1967; Adey and Loveland 1991). In other cases, dimensional manipulations have been explicitly employed as a means of investigating relationships among the counteracting variables (e.g., Huffaker 1958; Gilbert et al. 1998). In both situatio ...
... a more realistic experimental model of nature (e.g., Margalef 1967; Adey and Loveland 1991). In other cases, dimensional manipulations have been explicitly employed as a means of investigating relationships among the counteracting variables (e.g., Huffaker 1958; Gilbert et al. 1998). In both situatio ...
Bird response to disturbance varies with forest productivity in the
... disturbance regimes differ among ecosystems as determined by climate, soils, forest productivity, disturbance type, and other factors (Pickett and White 1985; Spies and Turner 1999). Because organisms are often adapted to natural disturbance and landscape dynamics, natural range of variation is some ...
... disturbance regimes differ among ecosystems as determined by climate, soils, forest productivity, disturbance type, and other factors (Pickett and White 1985; Spies and Turner 1999). Because organisms are often adapted to natural disturbance and landscape dynamics, natural range of variation is some ...
LIFE HISTORIES Chapter 12
... reproducing earlier and invest more energy into reproduction; when adult survival is higher, organisms defer reproduction to a later age (larger body size) and allocate less energy to reproduction. ...
... reproducing earlier and invest more energy into reproduction; when adult survival is higher, organisms defer reproduction to a later age (larger body size) and allocate less energy to reproduction. ...
The ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation
... phenomenon. Much of what the study of habitat fragmentation is concerned with today is the ecological consequences of land-use change for organisms living in networks of remnant patches surrounded by a mosaic of modified or novel land use types. This was not always the case, though. The historical r ...
... phenomenon. Much of what the study of habitat fragmentation is concerned with today is the ecological consequences of land-use change for organisms living in networks of remnant patches surrounded by a mosaic of modified or novel land use types. This was not always the case, though. The historical r ...
Species-Specific Responses of Carnivores to Human
... birds, and mammals, including seven species of mammalian carnivores. Despite the lack of research studies, there is great concern that the destruction and modification of natural habitats has caused a reduction in the distribution and population numbers of these carnivores. The aim of this study was ...
... birds, and mammals, including seven species of mammalian carnivores. Despite the lack of research studies, there is great concern that the destruction and modification of natural habitats has caused a reduction in the distribution and population numbers of these carnivores. The aim of this study was ...
The Study of Vertical Zonation on Rocky Intertidal Shores—A
... others to do the same. This type of longterm attention was the essential factor, first, to frame a new approach to study the dynamics of intertidal communities and, second, to enable researchers to obtain information from prolonged observations and experimentation. To the north, Friday Harbor first ...
... others to do the same. This type of longterm attention was the essential factor, first, to frame a new approach to study the dynamics of intertidal communities and, second, to enable researchers to obtain information from prolonged observations and experimentation. To the north, Friday Harbor first ...
Perennial habitat fragments, parasitoid diversity and
... 1. Agricultural intensification has led to the removal of semi-wild, perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes. However, in short-cycle crops, frequent disturbance from insecticides, harvesting and tillage disrupts the establishment of resident communities of natural enemies of pests. Semi-wil ...
... 1. Agricultural intensification has led to the removal of semi-wild, perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes. However, in short-cycle crops, frequent disturbance from insecticides, harvesting and tillage disrupts the establishment of resident communities of natural enemies of pests. Semi-wil ...
Consequences of low mobility in spatially and temporally
... Olivieri et al. 1995; Ronce & Olivieri 1997). Metapopulation models are vague with regard to spatial pattern, however, and therefore inappropriate to studies of spatial /temporal interactions. Metapopulation models also fail to take account of shifting habitat availability; population extinction is ...
... Olivieri et al. 1995; Ronce & Olivieri 1997). Metapopulation models are vague with regard to spatial pattern, however, and therefore inappropriate to studies of spatial /temporal interactions. Metapopulation models also fail to take account of shifting habitat availability; population extinction is ...
Content Conference Guide - BayCEER
... vegetation patterns, and it is particularly vulnerable to rising sea level. Southern Florida is also the focal point of combined hydrological and ecological modeling to project possible future scenarios. The ecological models include agent-based models that simulate populations over landscapes and r ...
... vegetation patterns, and it is particularly vulnerable to rising sea level. Southern Florida is also the focal point of combined hydrological and ecological modeling to project possible future scenarios. The ecological models include agent-based models that simulate populations over landscapes and r ...
The effects of landscape fragmentation on
... within the landscape (Fahrig, 2003). For instance, the degree to which patches within a landscape are connected by woodland corridors (Haddad, 2008), or the size of patches themselves (Bender, Contreras & Fahrig, 1998) are both aspects of landscape configuration (Fig. 1). Together, habitat loss and ...
... within the landscape (Fahrig, 2003). For instance, the degree to which patches within a landscape are connected by woodland corridors (Haddad, 2008), or the size of patches themselves (Bender, Contreras & Fahrig, 1998) are both aspects of landscape configuration (Fig. 1). Together, habitat loss and ...
ecology - Excell Career Online
... Although this definition does point out the origin of many of our ecological problems, yet it is much broad and vague like Haeckelian definition of ecology. Allee et al., (1949), in their definition of ecology, clearly emphasize the allencompassing character of this field of study. According to them ...
... Although this definition does point out the origin of many of our ecological problems, yet it is much broad and vague like Haeckelian definition of ecology. Allee et al., (1949), in their definition of ecology, clearly emphasize the allencompassing character of this field of study. According to them ...
A model for evaluating the `habitat potential` of a landscape for
... 2005). Most of these models are based on a comparison between currently inhabited and uninhabited areas and the identification of relevant habitat parameters, followed by the delimitation of potentially suitable habitats. However, for declining species whose habitats are massively influenced by anth ...
... 2005). Most of these models are based on a comparison between currently inhabited and uninhabited areas and the identification of relevant habitat parameters, followed by the delimitation of potentially suitable habitats. However, for declining species whose habitats are massively influenced by anth ...
Reptile assemblages across agricultural landscapes
... Reptile assemblages across agricultural landscapes: where does biodiversity hide?— The transition from traditional to intensive farming, aimed at large–scale production, has rapidly altered agricultural landscapes, leading to the reduction and fragmentation of natural habitats and to the consequent ...
... Reptile assemblages across agricultural landscapes: where does biodiversity hide?— The transition from traditional to intensive farming, aimed at large–scale production, has rapidly altered agricultural landscapes, leading to the reduction and fragmentation of natural habitats and to the consequent ...
Non-optimal animal movement in human
... patch disappears) is higher than for species in patchy non-ephemeral habitats. As discussed above, such species often show a bimodal movement probability; the small proportion of animals that are committed to movement may then move irrespective of boundaries encountered. Animals that evolved in patc ...
... patch disappears) is higher than for species in patchy non-ephemeral habitats. As discussed above, such species often show a bimodal movement probability; the small proportion of animals that are committed to movement may then move irrespective of boundaries encountered. Animals that evolved in patc ...
Alternative stable states in ecology
... parameters causes the landscape itself to change, resulting in movement of the ball. point. Once in a new domain, the community will persist there unless subject to community can move from one stable state to another. another large perturbation. The first requires that different states exist simulta ...
... parameters causes the landscape itself to change, resulting in movement of the ball. point. Once in a new domain, the community will persist there unless subject to community can move from one stable state to another. another large perturbation. The first requires that different states exist simulta ...
Landscape ecology
Landscape ecology is the science of studying and improving relationships between ecological processes in the environment and particular ecosystems. This is done within a variety of landscape scales, development spatial patterns, and organizational levels of research and policy.As a highly interdisciplinary field in systems science, landscape ecology integrates biophysical and analytical approaches with humanistic and holistic perspectives across the natural sciences and social sciences. Landscapes are spatially heterogeneous geographic areas characterized by diverse interacting patches or ecosystems, ranging from relatively natural terrestrial and aquatic systems such as forests, grasslands, and lakes to human-dominated environments including agricultural and urban settings. The most salient characteristics of landscape ecology are its emphasis on the relationship among pattern, process and scale, and its focus on broad-scale ecological and environmental issues. These necessitate the coupling between biophysical and socioeconomic sciences. Key research topics in landscape ecology include ecological flows in landscape mosaics, land use and land cover change, scaling, relating landscape pattern analysis with ecological processes, and landscape conservation and sustainability.