Environmental heterogeneity, species diversity and
... a-scale, whereas ‘‘large scale’’ deals with inter-communities or b-scale processes. The border between small and large spatial scale varies among studies, because of different community structures, and remains ambiguous. Species distribute themselves along environmental gradients or habitat types ac ...
... a-scale, whereas ‘‘large scale’’ deals with inter-communities or b-scale processes. The border between small and large spatial scale varies among studies, because of different community structures, and remains ambiguous. Species distribute themselves along environmental gradients or habitat types ac ...
Full-Text PDF
... control herbivory from livestock and was used as either cropland or meadows for the production of farms [30] or the Sami lands [31], will not be treated here. The historical development of cultural fodder for livestock, the latter covering the largest area. Moist or wet meadows were generally open, ...
... control herbivory from livestock and was used as either cropland or meadows for the production of farms [30] or the Sami lands [31], will not be treated here. The historical development of cultural fodder for livestock, the latter covering the largest area. Moist or wet meadows were generally open, ...
- Wiley Online Library
... generalized large-scale distribution maps for each species. We used density measures of buffalo, topi, Coke’s hartebeest, Grant’s gazelle and Thomson’s gazelle in 5 · 5 km blocks from systematic reconnaissance flight (SRF) censuses from 1985 to 2006. There were a total of 11 SRF censuses that include ...
... generalized large-scale distribution maps for each species. We used density measures of buffalo, topi, Coke’s hartebeest, Grant’s gazelle and Thomson’s gazelle in 5 · 5 km blocks from systematic reconnaissance flight (SRF) censuses from 1985 to 2006. There were a total of 11 SRF censuses that include ...
Political ecology: where is the ecology? - UO Geography
... ground from which political ecology first emerged in the 1970s (the first use of the term is often traced to Wolf, 1972) was defined by the confluence of cultural ecology (Steward, 1955), which linked human strategies of ecological success to cultural adaptation, with community ecology, cybernetics ...
... ground from which political ecology first emerged in the 1970s (the first use of the term is often traced to Wolf, 1972) was defined by the confluence of cultural ecology (Steward, 1955), which linked human strategies of ecological success to cultural adaptation, with community ecology, cybernetics ...
Forest Ecology and Management Key structural forest
... use of the existing habitats and even varies within the same species depending on the sex, age and stage of development of the dispersing individuals, on population density and on the temporal scale of the movements being considered, among other factors (e.g. Dubois et al., 1994; Matthysen, 2005). M ...
... use of the existing habitats and even varies within the same species depending on the sex, age and stage of development of the dispersing individuals, on population density and on the temporal scale of the movements being considered, among other factors (e.g. Dubois et al., 1994; Matthysen, 2005). M ...
Chapter 52: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 54: Community Ecology Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw ...
... AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 54: Community Ecology Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw ...
Metapopulation Ecology - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary
... agent-based models in which behaviour of each individual animal, plant or seed is modelled (Uchmański, 2016). All manner of plausible behaviours can be included in these models, with the disadvantage of large numbers of possibly unknown parameters and computationally intense simulations. Diffusion ...
... agent-based models in which behaviour of each individual animal, plant or seed is modelled (Uchmański, 2016). All manner of plausible behaviours can be included in these models, with the disadvantage of large numbers of possibly unknown parameters and computationally intense simulations. Diffusion ...
Nest Predation and Brood Parasitism in Fragmented Ecosystems
... Nest monitoring and analysis We monitored a total of 2165 nests on the Snake River from 1992 through 1994, and a total of 2901 on the Bitterroot River from 1995 through 1998. All nests were monitored every 2–4 days to determine activity, fate, and parasitism status (presence of a cowbird egg). The s ...
... Nest monitoring and analysis We monitored a total of 2165 nests on the Snake River from 1992 through 1994, and a total of 2901 on the Bitterroot River from 1995 through 1998. All nests were monitored every 2–4 days to determine activity, fate, and parasitism status (presence of a cowbird egg). The s ...
Habitat isolation and ecological barriers
... Sm all”). The very high intensity o f this debate itself and also many comments around it showed the importance o f problems discussed (Diamond 1976, Sim berloff 1976, Sim berloff and Abele 1976a, b, Terborgh 1976, W hitcomb et al. 1976). W hile o f theoretical interest, the debate, however, did not ...
... Sm all”). The very high intensity o f this debate itself and also many comments around it showed the importance o f problems discussed (Diamond 1976, Sim berloff 1976, Sim berloff and Abele 1976a, b, Terborgh 1976, W hitcomb et al. 1976). W hile o f theoretical interest, the debate, however, did not ...
Climatic Limits on Landscape Development in the Northwestern
... into He and Ar fractions with liquid N2–cooled activated charcoal, and these fractions were subsequently analyzed with a VG5400 noble gas mass spectrometer. Procedural blanks were continually monitored (on average, three blanks were performed per analysis) and maintained at very low and consistent l ...
... into He and Ar fractions with liquid N2–cooled activated charcoal, and these fractions were subsequently analyzed with a VG5400 noble gas mass spectrometer. Procedural blanks were continually monitored (on average, three blanks were performed per analysis) and maintained at very low and consistent l ...
secondary succession in an experimentally fragmented
... Distance effects on succession.—The distance of isolated patches from source pools of potential colonists should strongly affect succession (Dzwonko 1993, Grashof-Bokdam and Geertsema 1998, Butaye et al. 2001), both directly and as a modulator of local mechanisms driving succession. Plants with ligh ...
... Distance effects on succession.—The distance of isolated patches from source pools of potential colonists should strongly affect succession (Dzwonko 1993, Grashof-Bokdam and Geertsema 1998, Butaye et al. 2001), both directly and as a modulator of local mechanisms driving succession. Plants with ligh ...
Scaling up from gardens - School of Earth and Environment
... Urban growth is occurring at an unprecedented scale. In 2008, for the first time, >50% of the global human population lived in urban environments [1]. Much of this urbanisation is occurring in developing countries, which are predicted to harbour 80% of the urban population of the world by 2030 [1]. ...
... Urban growth is occurring at an unprecedented scale. In 2008, for the first time, >50% of the global human population lived in urban environments [1]. Much of this urbanisation is occurring in developing countries, which are predicted to harbour 80% of the urban population of the world by 2030 [1]. ...
Nature of Science and Ecology Jeopardy
... Answer: D. Competition from another species Reason: Competition will cause a decrease in the amount of food and space and the population will decrease Return to the Main Board ...
... Answer: D. Competition from another species Reason: Competition will cause a decrease in the amount of food and space and the population will decrease Return to the Main Board ...
The low performance of forest versus rural coyotes in northeastern
... through a telephone survey of all local trappers in 1995, 1996, and 1997. In a second step, we estimated the relative density of coyotes in the rural and the forest landscape using the number of scats found per 100 km-day along trails and gravel roads, an index linearly related to coyote density (Kn ...
... through a telephone survey of all local trappers in 1995, 1996, and 1997. In a second step, we estimated the relative density of coyotes in the rural and the forest landscape using the number of scats found per 100 km-day along trails and gravel roads, an index linearly related to coyote density (Kn ...
Australia ) in Varanus gouldii mosaic burning and varanid lizards
... humans, particularly hunter–gatherers, do have the potential to be significant ‘ecosystem engineers [5]’: organisms that physically modify the environment in ways that benefit other species as well as themselves [6 –8]. When hunter – gatherers employ patch mosaic burning over large spatial extents, ...
... humans, particularly hunter–gatherers, do have the potential to be significant ‘ecosystem engineers [5]’: organisms that physically modify the environment in ways that benefit other species as well as themselves [6 –8]. When hunter – gatherers employ patch mosaic burning over large spatial extents, ...
pdf reprint
... Thompson et al. (2017) explore how removing patches in a network of connected patches can alter the long-term stability of communities and ecosystems in changing environments. In particular, they argue that habitat fragmentation can erode the ‘spatial insurance’ ecological systems enjoy because of ...
... Thompson et al. (2017) explore how removing patches in a network of connected patches can alter the long-term stability of communities and ecosystems in changing environments. In particular, they argue that habitat fragmentation can erode the ‘spatial insurance’ ecological systems enjoy because of ...
Spatial patterns in European rabbit abundance after a population
... Assessing the associations between spatial patterns in population abundance and environmental heterogeneity is critical for understanding various population processes and for managing species and communities. This study evaluates responses in the abundance of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cunicul ...
... Assessing the associations between spatial patterns in population abundance and environmental heterogeneity is critical for understanding various population processes and for managing species and communities. This study evaluates responses in the abundance of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cunicul ...
The Industrial Ecology of Renewable Resources
... insight into the nature of the challenges facing society and the possible remedies. I will illustrate this by discussing recent work in industrial ecology as it relates to specific renewable resources. Viewing Renewable Resources Through the Lens of Industrial Ecology Several particular perspectives ...
... insight into the nature of the challenges facing society and the possible remedies. I will illustrate this by discussing recent work in industrial ecology as it relates to specific renewable resources. Viewing Renewable Resources Through the Lens of Industrial Ecology Several particular perspectives ...
Anthropogenic Landscapes, Human Action and the Process of Co
... the myriad of other beings sharing space with us; and in the Anthropocene, this extends to the entire planet. We need to be aware of these impacts and patterns and recognize that nothing we do is only about us, either as a species or as individuals. Humans are ecosystem managers and must be the lead ...
... the myriad of other beings sharing space with us; and in the Anthropocene, this extends to the entire planet. We need to be aware of these impacts and patterns and recognize that nothing we do is only about us, either as a species or as individuals. Humans are ecosystem managers and must be the lead ...
Disturbance, Scale, and Boundary in Wilderness
... 1994). These processes of change interact and, with topography and geology, they create the spatial variation we observe at any one time. Whether we look at the relatively recent past or at evolutionary time scales, historical patterns and processes have shaped modern ecosystems and their biota. Dis ...
... 1994). These processes of change interact and, with topography and geology, they create the spatial variation we observe at any one time. Whether we look at the relatively recent past or at evolutionary time scales, historical patterns and processes have shaped modern ecosystems and their biota. Dis ...
Landscape size affects the relative importance of habitat amount
... agricultural intensity are not available for our study area. Therefore, although it is possible that our analysis underestimates the absolute importance of matrix quality, our measure provides an unbiased estimate of how the relative importance of matrix quality varies across scales. We used land co ...
... agricultural intensity are not available for our study area. Therefore, although it is possible that our analysis underestimates the absolute importance of matrix quality, our measure provides an unbiased estimate of how the relative importance of matrix quality varies across scales. We used land co ...
Fisheries Ecology
... journal tools get new content alerts get rss feed save to my profile latest articles from fisheries management ecology, fisheries ecology division swfsc - located at the western edge of santa cruz california on the coastal bluff at terrace point the fisheries ecology division joins the adjacent uc s ...
... journal tools get new content alerts get rss feed save to my profile latest articles from fisheries management ecology, fisheries ecology division swfsc - located at the western edge of santa cruz california on the coastal bluff at terrace point the fisheries ecology division joins the adjacent uc s ...
teaching multivariate statistics to ecologists and the
... the elegance of the likelihood-based inferential methods (e.g. Seber, 1984; Rencher, 1998). 2. Virtually all ecological data are obtained in the field, from natural systems. These systems are naturally stochastic, with many interacting variables. There is no such thing as a “laboratory” here, where ...
... the elegance of the likelihood-based inferential methods (e.g. Seber, 1984; Rencher, 1998). 2. Virtually all ecological data are obtained in the field, from natural systems. These systems are naturally stochastic, with many interacting variables. There is no such thing as a “laboratory” here, where ...
Tree Diseases as a Cause and Consequence of Interacting Forest
... The field of landscape ecology focuses on identifying mechanistic processes that lead to landscape-level patterns and the implications of cross-scale interactions in driving these patterns. Scale mismatch among mechanisms that underlie an emergent condition—including disease—is not a problem unique ...
... The field of landscape ecology focuses on identifying mechanistic processes that lead to landscape-level patterns and the implications of cross-scale interactions in driving these patterns. Scale mismatch among mechanisms that underlie an emergent condition—including disease—is not a problem unique ...
Landscape ecology
Landscape ecology is the science of studying and improving relationships between ecological processes in the environment and particular ecosystems. This is done within a variety of landscape scales, development spatial patterns, and organizational levels of research and policy.As a highly interdisciplinary field in systems science, landscape ecology integrates biophysical and analytical approaches with humanistic and holistic perspectives across the natural sciences and social sciences. Landscapes are spatially heterogeneous geographic areas characterized by diverse interacting patches or ecosystems, ranging from relatively natural terrestrial and aquatic systems such as forests, grasslands, and lakes to human-dominated environments including agricultural and urban settings. The most salient characteristics of landscape ecology are its emphasis on the relationship among pattern, process and scale, and its focus on broad-scale ecological and environmental issues. These necessitate the coupling between biophysical and socioeconomic sciences. Key research topics in landscape ecology include ecological flows in landscape mosaics, land use and land cover change, scaling, relating landscape pattern analysis with ecological processes, and landscape conservation and sustainability.