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Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry

... Equation 5.1 shows that the kinetic energy increases as the speed of an object increases. For example, a car moving at 55 miles per hour (mph) has greater kinetic energy than it does at 40 mph. For a given speed the kinetic energy increases with increasing mass. Thus, a large sport-utility vehicle t ...
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... (endothermic) in order to overcome the • coulombic attraction between each nuclei and the shared electrons. Energy is released when bonds are FORMED (exothermic) because the resultant coulombic attraction between the bonded atoms lowers potential energy causing a release. This is a giant misconcepti ...
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... surroundings are that part of the universe outside the system with which the system interacts. Figure 7-1 pictures three common systems: first, as we see them and, then, in an abstract form that chemists commonly use. An open system freely exchanges energy and matter with its surroundings (Fig. 7-1a ...
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... system, the total energy of all the different forms in the system will not change, no matter what kinds of gradual or violent changes actually occur within the system. But energy does tend to leak across boundaries. In particular, transformations of energy usually result in producing some energy in ...
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... pressure (as the majority of processes we study do) and the only work done is this pressure–volume work, we can account for heat flow during the process by measuring the enthalpy of the system. • Enthalpy is the internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume: H = E + PV © 2012 Pearson Educa ...
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... while holding certain mechanical variables fixed. We also define the heat capacity per unit mass, which is often called the specific heat, and the heat capacity per particle (e.g., cV = CV /N ). For liquids and solids, since their expansion at constant pressure is often negligible, one finds CP ≈ CV ; t ...
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... 44. A gas expands in a frictionless piston-cylinder arrangement. The expansion process is very slow, and is resisted by an ambient pressure of 100 kPa. During the expansion process, the pressure of the system (gas) remains constant at 300 kPa. The change in volume of the gas is 0.0 I m3. The maximu ...
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thermochemistry
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... pressure (as the majority of processes we study do) and the only work done is this pressure–volume work, we can account for heat flow during the process by measuring the enthalpy of the system. • Enthalpy is the internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume: H = E + PV Thermochemistry © 20 ...
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... study do) and the only work done is this pressure–volume work, we can account for heat flow during the process by measuring the enthalpy of the system. • Enthalpy is the internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume: H = E + PV © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
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