5 The Basics of Confocal Microscopy
... are its high efficiency, its lack of moving parts and its flexibility in terms of using new laser lines simply by changing the software. While proper operation of the AOBS depends on the light input being parallel as it passes through the crystal light originating above or below the plane of the foc ...
... are its high efficiency, its lack of moving parts and its flexibility in terms of using new laser lines simply by changing the software. While proper operation of the AOBS depends on the light input being parallel as it passes through the crystal light originating above or below the plane of the foc ...
Light propagates in the form of waves
... Thus, the electromagnetic theory of light encompasses wave optics, which in turn, encompasses ray optics. Ray optics and wave optics provide approximate models of light which derive their validity from their successes in producing results that approximate those based on rigorous electromagnetic theo ...
... Thus, the electromagnetic theory of light encompasses wave optics, which in turn, encompasses ray optics. Ray optics and wave optics provide approximate models of light which derive their validity from their successes in producing results that approximate those based on rigorous electromagnetic theo ...
here - Optoelectronics Research Centre
... same onion skin. Both images have the pixel size and resolution of 100 x 512 and 5 x 0.24 μm in the transverse and axial direction, respectively. Fig. 4.1 ...
... same onion skin. Both images have the pixel size and resolution of 100 x 512 and 5 x 0.24 μm in the transverse and axial direction, respectively. Fig. 4.1 ...
Holography
... No interference occurs if the directions of polarization are perpendicular to each other; the visibility is 0. For optimal visibility object and reference wave have to polarized parallel each other. Even by using linearly polarized light radiation this cannot always be achieved in practice since lig ...
... No interference occurs if the directions of polarization are perpendicular to each other; the visibility is 0. For optimal visibility object and reference wave have to polarized parallel each other. Even by using linearly polarized light radiation this cannot always be achieved in practice since lig ...
Electronic Transport in Tin(IV) Oxide Nanocrystalline Films: Two
... of their prominent gas sensing and catalytic properties.1,2 The charge transport in nanocrystalline TO structures is complex and is different from bulk charge transport in several aspects. In bulk semiconducting TO films, conduction originates from n-type carriers, which have been proposed to be due t ...
... of their prominent gas sensing and catalytic properties.1,2 The charge transport in nanocrystalline TO structures is complex and is different from bulk charge transport in several aspects. In bulk semiconducting TO films, conduction originates from n-type carriers, which have been proposed to be due t ...
Antireflective Coatings
... Broadband Multilayer AR Coatings (WAR) Dual Wavelength Band AR Coatings (DAR) Partial Reflective Coatings Single Wavelength Band PR Coatings (SPR) Broadband PR Coatings (BPR) Beamsplitter Coatings Laser Line Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (LPS) Broadband Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (BPS) ...
... Broadband Multilayer AR Coatings (WAR) Dual Wavelength Band AR Coatings (DAR) Partial Reflective Coatings Single Wavelength Band PR Coatings (SPR) Broadband PR Coatings (BPR) Beamsplitter Coatings Laser Line Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (LPS) Broadband Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (BPS) ...
Physical properties of silver oxide thin films by pulsed laser deposition
... pressure of 7 × 10−3 mbar) and at a sputter power density of 1.0 W cm−2 , stoichiometric Ag2 O is formed and (iii) the mixed silver oxide films show p-type conductivity. The p-type conductivity in these films has been explained on the basis of Sanderson’s theory of partial ionic charge; that is, the ...
... pressure of 7 × 10−3 mbar) and at a sputter power density of 1.0 W cm−2 , stoichiometric Ag2 O is formed and (iii) the mixed silver oxide films show p-type conductivity. The p-type conductivity in these films has been explained on the basis of Sanderson’s theory of partial ionic charge; that is, the ...
Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene
... To find accurate absolute values of T and G, in the analysis shown in Figs. 1B and S2, we have omitted the part of the transmittance spectra at λ <450 nm, which as discussed above was affected by hydrocarbon contamination. Also, our apparatus noise was somewhat higher in the infrared region so that ...
... To find accurate absolute values of T and G, in the analysis shown in Figs. 1B and S2, we have omitted the part of the transmittance spectra at λ <450 nm, which as discussed above was affected by hydrocarbon contamination. Also, our apparatus noise was somewhat higher in the infrared region so that ...
Optical device having equal length waveguide paths
... in the medium and m is an integer order number, then the phase front of the light in coupler 12 forms a circular Wave converging on the coupler axis at P0. At a different Wave ...
... in the medium and m is an integer order number, then the phase front of the light in coupler 12 forms a circular Wave converging on the coupler axis at P0. At a different Wave ...
Microscopes - Biozentrum
... source, using an opal bulb, or placing an opal glass diffuser in front of the light source. However, all these techniques, although effective in reducing the filament image to a certain degree, had the effect of reducing the quality and uniformity of light reaching the sample. Reducing the power of ...
... source, using an opal bulb, or placing an opal glass diffuser in front of the light source. However, all these techniques, although effective in reducing the filament image to a certain degree, had the effect of reducing the quality and uniformity of light reaching the sample. Reducing the power of ...
Power efficiency of a semiconductor laser with an external cavity
... measured on two 800-nm laser diodes (SDL 4510, Bonneville BW800-1-M); in the experiments, a 1200-lines/mm grating was used (total attenuation R3 0:04, inclusive of the output tap), and the lasers were temperature stabilized with a standard Peltier controller. The cavity length (L 20 cm) was accu ...
... measured on two 800-nm laser diodes (SDL 4510, Bonneville BW800-1-M); in the experiments, a 1200-lines/mm grating was used (total attenuation R3 0:04, inclusive of the output tap), and the lasers were temperature stabilized with a standard Peltier controller. The cavity length (L 20 cm) was accu ...
OM1 - Faculty of Engineering
... reflected by the beam splitter. Thus, the two beams are brought together to form interference fringes. Since one beam passes through BS 3 times, a compensating plate C is required for another beam so that both beams pass through equal thickness of glass. The inclusion of a compensating plate negates ...
... reflected by the beam splitter. Thus, the two beams are brought together to form interference fringes. Since one beam passes through BS 3 times, a compensating plate C is required for another beam so that both beams pass through equal thickness of glass. The inclusion of a compensating plate negates ...
The Theory of the Rainbow
... that determine the nature of the bow are those that govern the interaction of light with transparent media. namely reflec tion and refraction. The law of reflection is the familiar and intuitively obvious principle that the angle of reflection must equal the angle of incidence. The law of refractio ...
... that determine the nature of the bow are those that govern the interaction of light with transparent media. namely reflec tion and refraction. The law of reflection is the familiar and intuitively obvious principle that the angle of reflection must equal the angle of incidence. The law of refractio ...
Long period grating based biosensor for the detection of Escherichia
... the back scattering electron (BSE) mode of the SEM. The highenergy electrons originating in the incident electron beam back scatter form of the E. coli volume due to the elastic scattering interactions with the E. coli bacterium atoms, which are in turn recorded using an asymmetrical, directional BS ...
... the back scattering electron (BSE) mode of the SEM. The highenergy electrons originating in the incident electron beam back scatter form of the E. coli volume due to the elastic scattering interactions with the E. coli bacterium atoms, which are in turn recorded using an asymmetrical, directional BS ...
Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications
... dispersion relation forms the basis of the AO spectrum analyzer, an important signal processing application to be discussed later. Referring to Fig. 1a , a change of incidence angle d θ i will introduce a change of acoustic frequency (or optical wavelength) for exact phase matching. Thus, this phase ...
... dispersion relation forms the basis of the AO spectrum analyzer, an important signal processing application to be discussed later. Referring to Fig. 1a , a change of incidence angle d θ i will introduce a change of acoustic frequency (or optical wavelength) for exact phase matching. Thus, this phase ...
13 - Atomic Physics
... probed with x-rays. The experimental setup is described in detail in reference [1]. The main application is to make the pump laser beam visible to the X-ray detection system. The x-rays are detected by an ultrafast streak camera. When averaging the images from a number of shots, the synchronization ...
... probed with x-rays. The experimental setup is described in detail in reference [1]. The main application is to make the pump laser beam visible to the X-ray detection system. The x-rays are detected by an ultrafast streak camera. When averaging the images from a number of shots, the synchronization ...
863875
... and large area fabrication flexibility in a single step [20–25]. It has also been shown that optical field patterns belonging to all 14 Bravais crystallographic lattice 3D structures can be formed by designed plane wave interference [26, 27]. By means of a spatial light modulator (SLM-) assisted app ...
... and large area fabrication flexibility in a single step [20–25]. It has also been shown that optical field patterns belonging to all 14 Bravais crystallographic lattice 3D structures can be formed by designed plane wave interference [26, 27]. By means of a spatial light modulator (SLM-) assisted app ...