Forces Driving and Resisting Orogeny GEOL5690, Tectonic History
... Rheological layering of the lithosphere. There appear to be two fundamental modes of deformation of rocks: brittle failure and ductile flow. The former is related to earthquakes, which represent such failure; the latter should not generate earthquakes. The boundary between the two regimes is termed ...
... Rheological layering of the lithosphere. There appear to be two fundamental modes of deformation of rocks: brittle failure and ductile flow. The former is related to earthquakes, which represent such failure; the latter should not generate earthquakes. The boundary between the two regimes is termed ...
vauchez_etal_rheology_1998_hal
... This paper aims to present an overview on the influence of rheological heterogeneity and mechanical anisotropy on the deformation of continents. After briefly recapping the concept of rheological stratification of the lithosphere, we discuss two specific issues: (1) as supported by a growing body of ...
... This paper aims to present an overview on the influence of rheological heterogeneity and mechanical anisotropy on the deformation of continents. After briefly recapping the concept of rheological stratification of the lithosphere, we discuss two specific issues: (1) as supported by a growing body of ...
Seismic modeling study of the Earth`s deep crust
... migration. Therefore, we should deal with almost zero-offset Pwave data, and the model design should be based on the stacked time section: well data are scarce, and only oil exploration wells down to 4 km depth are available. The data generally show a rather scarce reflectivity and diffractions, whi ...
... migration. Therefore, we should deal with almost zero-offset Pwave data, and the model design should be based on the stacked time section: well data are scarce, and only oil exploration wells down to 4 km depth are available. The data generally show a rather scarce reflectivity and diffractions, whi ...
Detection of subducted crustal material in the mid
... Detection of subducted crustal material in the midmantle from asymmetric PP reflections Sebastian Rost1, Edward J. Garnero2 and Quentin Williams3 1 Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 2Dept. of Geological Sciences, Arizona State Univ ...
... Detection of subducted crustal material in the midmantle from asymmetric PP reflections Sebastian Rost1, Edward J. Garnero2 and Quentin Williams3 1 Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 2Dept. of Geological Sciences, Arizona State Univ ...
Exam Review (yr long) Jan 2015 Key Terms • Frame of reference
... 6. After pushing against a brick wall for a long time, you are feeling extremely tired, but you have not done any work on the wall. Explain. In order for work to be done the force needs to cause the displacement. If there is no displacement no work is done. 7. By what factor does the kinetic energy ...
... 6. After pushing against a brick wall for a long time, you are feeling extremely tired, but you have not done any work on the wall. Explain. In order for work to be done the force needs to cause the displacement. If there is no displacement no work is done. 7. By what factor does the kinetic energy ...
Telluric Electric Wave Transmission and Reception
... transverse electric waves of a specific velocity and of longitudinal waves of a specific counter-velocity. This pair of electric waves propagate within the electric field of the winding. This winding can be proportioned to be attuned to the complex electric wave propagation within the interior of th ...
... transverse electric waves of a specific velocity and of longitudinal waves of a specific counter-velocity. This pair of electric waves propagate within the electric field of the winding. This winding can be proportioned to be attuned to the complex electric wave propagation within the interior of th ...
Pearson Physics Level 20 Unit IV Oscillatory Motion and Mechanical
... Since the speed of the standing wave is the same (the tension of the string is not affected) the universal wave equation states that the fundamental frequency for the string is increased as the string is shortened. 22. If you strike a tuning fork with different forces you will alter the amplitude of ...
... Since the speed of the standing wave is the same (the tension of the string is not affected) the universal wave equation states that the fundamental frequency for the string is increased as the string is shortened. 22. If you strike a tuning fork with different forces you will alter the amplitude of ...
Presentation
... Focusing and rebound of the transmitted shock wave (t.s.w.) The t.s.w. is circular in 2D as in 3D The t.s.w. stay circular while focusing Spherical s.w. is faster than cylindrical s.w. P = 6.9 atm is reached in 3D near focusing P = 2.9 atm is reached in 2D near focusing Shock waves stay ci ...
... Focusing and rebound of the transmitted shock wave (t.s.w.) The t.s.w. is circular in 2D as in 3D The t.s.w. stay circular while focusing Spherical s.w. is faster than cylindrical s.w. P = 6.9 atm is reached in 3D near focusing P = 2.9 atm is reached in 2D near focusing Shock waves stay ci ...
OpenStax_Physics_CH16_ImageSlideshow
... In 1940, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington state collapsed. Heavy cross winds drove the bridge into oscillations at its resonant frequency. Damping decreased when support cables broke loose and started to slip over the towers, allowing increasingly greater amplitudes until the structure failed ...
... In 1940, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington state collapsed. Heavy cross winds drove the bridge into oscillations at its resonant frequency. Damping decreased when support cables broke loose and started to slip over the towers, allowing increasingly greater amplitudes until the structure failed ...
Anomalously thin transition zone and apparently isotropic upper
... receiver functions at 1 km intervals in depth. We applied the phase-weighting algorithm of Schimmel and Paulssen [1997] to remove spurious long period and incoherent noise from the stacks, and a weighting factor of 1 was used to produce the stacks presented in this study [Frassetto et al., 2010, L ...
... receiver functions at 1 km intervals in depth. We applied the phase-weighting algorithm of Schimmel and Paulssen [1997] to remove spurious long period and incoherent noise from the stacks, and a weighting factor of 1 was used to produce the stacks presented in this study [Frassetto et al., 2010, L ...
Topic The IASPEI standard nomenclature of seismic
... use of capital and lower case letters, and a syntax, i.e., rules of correct order and mutual relationship of the language elements. One should be aware, however, that the seismological nomenclature will inevitably develop exceptions to the rules, as any historically developed language, and also depe ...
... use of capital and lower case letters, and a syntax, i.e., rules of correct order and mutual relationship of the language elements. One should be aware, however, that the seismological nomenclature will inevitably develop exceptions to the rules, as any historically developed language, and also depe ...
Determination of seismic wave attenuation: A Review
... during 1966. These ground motions were recorded at two stations such that one station was nearer to first aftershock source while the other station was nearer to the second aftershock source. Juxtaposing these ground motion records, Aki2 found that the tail end of all the seismograms which resembles ...
... during 1966. These ground motions were recorded at two stations such that one station was nearer to first aftershock source while the other station was nearer to the second aftershock source. Juxtaposing these ground motion records, Aki2 found that the tail end of all the seismograms which resembles ...
Introduction to Seismology: The wave equation and body waves
... repositories, initially just the arrival times and amplitudes measured by the different station operators, then to the actual seismograms themselves, as archived in film chip libraries, and eventually to modern digital seismic networks and data centers. This data-sharing tradition is a very appealin ...
... repositories, initially just the arrival times and amplitudes measured by the different station operators, then to the actual seismograms themselves, as archived in film chip libraries, and eventually to modern digital seismic networks and data centers. This data-sharing tradition is a very appealin ...
Crust and upper mantle of the western Mediterranean – Constraints
... coverage. Therefore, the resolved volume shrinks with increasing depth. Nevertheless, resolution lengths on the order of 50 km are possible to depths of ∼600 km in regions where sufficiently many wave paths cross. As a result of predominantly E-W oriented source-receiver paths (Fig. 2), resolution in ...
... coverage. Therefore, the resolved volume shrinks with increasing depth. Nevertheless, resolution lengths on the order of 50 km are possible to depths of ∼600 km in regions where sufficiently many wave paths cross. As a result of predominantly E-W oriented source-receiver paths (Fig. 2), resolution in ...
Lithospheric Layering in the North American Craton
... Lithospheric Structure beneath the Western US Using USArray Data Meghan S. Miller (University of Southern California), Alan Levander (Rice University) Using a combination teleseismic data from the USArray Transportable Array, previous PASSCAL experiments, and the COARSE array in Arizona we have pro ...
... Lithospheric Structure beneath the Western US Using USArray Data Meghan S. Miller (University of Southern California), Alan Levander (Rice University) Using a combination teleseismic data from the USArray Transportable Array, previous PASSCAL experiments, and the COARSE array in Arizona we have pro ...
Wave-equation-based travel-time seismic tomography
... To ensure that the chosen seismic data illuminate the study region well, events and corresponding phase records are carefully selected based on the following six criteria: (1) to guarantee the quality of seismic data and validity of point source assumption for forward modeling, the magnitudes of the ...
... To ensure that the chosen seismic data illuminate the study region well, events and corresponding phase records are carefully selected based on the following six criteria: (1) to guarantee the quality of seismic data and validity of point source assumption for forward modeling, the magnitudes of the ...
Experimental study on seismic behavior of composite concrete and
... engineering. The Corus Company developed a CFDSP construction called Bi-Steel™ [8] with two surface steel plates connected by an array of transverse friction welded shear connectors (Fig. 1.1c), and a series of researches have been conducted on Bi-Steel [9–11]. In addition, Eom et al. [12] tested 5 ...
... engineering. The Corus Company developed a CFDSP construction called Bi-Steel™ [8] with two surface steel plates connected by an array of transverse friction welded shear connectors (Fig. 1.1c), and a series of researches have been conducted on Bi-Steel [9–11]. In addition, Eom et al. [12] tested 5 ...
Shear wave splitting
Shear wave splitting, also called seismic birefringence, is the phenomenon that occurs when a polarized shear wave enters an anisotropic medium (Fig. 1). The incident shear wave splits into two polarized shear waves (Fig. 2). Shear wave splitting is typically used as a tool for testing the anisotropy of an area of interest. These measurements reflect the degree of anisotropy and lead to a better understanding of the area’s crack density and orientation or crystal alignment.We can think of the anisotropy of a particular area as a black box and the shear wave splitting measurements as a way of looking at what is in the box.