THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF VISUAL-SACCADIC DECISION MAKING
... stereotyped sensory stimuli with simple motor responses. Their simple deterministic nature suggested to Descartes that, for these behaviors, the sensory to motor connection lay within the material body, which made those connections amenable to physiological study. For the second class, behaviors in ...
... stereotyped sensory stimuli with simple motor responses. Their simple deterministic nature suggested to Descartes that, for these behaviors, the sensory to motor connection lay within the material body, which made those connections amenable to physiological study. For the second class, behaviors in ...
The kinaesthetic senses
... adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect movements (Sturnieks et al. 2007). While joint receptors ...
... adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect movements (Sturnieks et al. 2007). While joint receptors ...
The Complicated Equation of Smell, Flavor, and Taste
... extensions of the brain. The olfactory neurons and accompanying glial cells arise outside the central nervous system but have the capacity to regenerate throughout life; it seems that progenitor neural crest cells may be their origin. The human sense of smell is bidirectional, and the way we perceiv ...
... extensions of the brain. The olfactory neurons and accompanying glial cells arise outside the central nervous system but have the capacity to regenerate throughout life; it seems that progenitor neural crest cells may be their origin. The human sense of smell is bidirectional, and the way we perceiv ...
Reflexes. Reaction time.
... Types of reflexes • monosynaptic: the reflex arc consists of only two neurons (one sensory neuron, and one motor neuron; monosynaptic refers to the presence of a single chemical synapse) – peripheral muscle reflexes (patellar reflex, achilles reflex): brief stimulation to the muscle spindle results ...
... Types of reflexes • monosynaptic: the reflex arc consists of only two neurons (one sensory neuron, and one motor neuron; monosynaptic refers to the presence of a single chemical synapse) – peripheral muscle reflexes (patellar reflex, achilles reflex): brief stimulation to the muscle spindle results ...
Lecture #1 - University of Utah
... 2) Adapt. / Fatigue of Detectors in Brain (cogitate……cogitate) III. Sensory Receptors 1) Types Chemoreceptors (smell, taste) Mechanoreceptors (touch, hearing, balance) Photoreceptors (vision) Electroreceptors Thermoreceptors Magnetoreceptors 2) Specificity (tuning) ...
... 2) Adapt. / Fatigue of Detectors in Brain (cogitate……cogitate) III. Sensory Receptors 1) Types Chemoreceptors (smell, taste) Mechanoreceptors (touch, hearing, balance) Photoreceptors (vision) Electroreceptors Thermoreceptors Magnetoreceptors 2) Specificity (tuning) ...
Neural correlates of attention in primate visual cortex
... V1 is influenced by the attentional conditions (see Ref. 21 for a review). Second, PET imaging experiments22,23 and a study24 in an individual suffering from a bilateral lesion of the human MT homolog showed specific attentional influences in early areas of the human dorsal visual pathway. These stu ...
... V1 is influenced by the attentional conditions (see Ref. 21 for a review). Second, PET imaging experiments22,23 and a study24 in an individual suffering from a bilateral lesion of the human MT homolog showed specific attentional influences in early areas of the human dorsal visual pathway. These stu ...
Neurometer CPT
... symptomatic and asymptomatic sites to assess, localize and document abnormal distributions of sensory nerve function and assist in the diagnostic work up. Diagnoses commonly include the following pathological conditions: radiculopathy, compressive/focal lesions and polyneuropathy. The following sect ...
... symptomatic and asymptomatic sites to assess, localize and document abnormal distributions of sensory nerve function and assist in the diagnostic work up. Diagnoses commonly include the following pathological conditions: radiculopathy, compressive/focal lesions and polyneuropathy. The following sect ...
Psychology
... Adolescents are more susceptible to delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), which involves the inability to reset the sleep/wake cycle in response to environmental time cues. Possible symptoms of DSPS include the inability to fall asleep until after midnight and the tendency to wake up later than their ...
... Adolescents are more susceptible to delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), which involves the inability to reset the sleep/wake cycle in response to environmental time cues. Possible symptoms of DSPS include the inability to fall asleep until after midnight and the tendency to wake up later than their ...
ch_12_lecture_outline_a
... • Thin (2–4 mm) superficial layer of gray matter • 40% of the mass of the brain ...
... • Thin (2–4 mm) superficial layer of gray matter • 40% of the mass of the brain ...
Proprioceptive Eye Position Signals Are Still Missing a Sensory
... proprioceptive representation of eye position found in primary somatosensory cortex, what are the relevant pathways? The composite nature of cortical eye position signals provides a clue: signals from multiple EOMs appear to be combined through a multisynaptic ascending pathway, to generate a delaye ...
... proprioceptive representation of eye position found in primary somatosensory cortex, what are the relevant pathways? The composite nature of cortical eye position signals provides a clue: signals from multiple EOMs appear to be combined through a multisynaptic ascending pathway, to generate a delaye ...
Arterial Blood Supply to the Auditory Cortex of the Chinchilla
... tion of all major cerebral arteries, as shown in Fig. 2. Viewed from the ventral direction (lower panel), the anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in t ...
... tion of all major cerebral arteries, as shown in Fig. 2. Viewed from the ventral direction (lower panel), the anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in t ...
Soto-Faraco (2003) Multisensory contributions to the perception of
... Researchers have also shown that the presentation of two stationary stimuli in different modalities can sometimes elicit a sensation of movement within one of the modalities (e.g. Hikosaka, Miyauchi, Takeichi, & Shimojo, 1996; Shimojo, Miyauchi, & Hikosaka, 1997; see also Maass, 1938). For example, ...
... Researchers have also shown that the presentation of two stationary stimuli in different modalities can sometimes elicit a sensation of movement within one of the modalities (e.g. Hikosaka, Miyauchi, Takeichi, & Shimojo, 1996; Shimojo, Miyauchi, & Hikosaka, 1997; see also Maass, 1938). For example, ...
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... Theories of temporal coding by cortical neurons are supported by observations that individual neurons can respond to sensory stimulation with millisecond precision and that activity in large populations is often highly correlated. Synchronization is highest between neurons with overlapping receptive ...
... Theories of temporal coding by cortical neurons are supported by observations that individual neurons can respond to sensory stimulation with millisecond precision and that activity in large populations is often highly correlated. Synchronization is highest between neurons with overlapping receptive ...
powerpoint lecture
... • Gateway to cerebral cortex • Sorts, edits, and relays ascending input – Impulses from hypothalamus for regulation of emotion and visceral function – Impulses from cerebellum and basal nuclei to help ...
... • Gateway to cerebral cortex • Sorts, edits, and relays ascending input – Impulses from hypothalamus for regulation of emotion and visceral function – Impulses from cerebellum and basal nuclei to help ...
uncorrected proof - Illinois State University Websites
... Journal of Physiology - Paris xxx (2016) xxx-xxx ...
... Journal of Physiology - Paris xxx (2016) xxx-xxx ...
BIo 218 Lecture Outline Tortora Ch18
... a. the gray matter consists primarily of cell bodies of neurons, neuroglia, unmyelinated axons, and dendrites of interneurons and motor neurons b. the white matter consists of bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons of motor neurons, interneurons, and sensory neurons The gray commissure is a re ...
... a. the gray matter consists primarily of cell bodies of neurons, neuroglia, unmyelinated axons, and dendrites of interneurons and motor neurons b. the white matter consists of bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons of motor neurons, interneurons, and sensory neurons The gray commissure is a re ...
PDF
... receives convergent input from visual, somatosensory, and motor areas (1, 2). Neurons in VIP respond to visual and somatosensory stimuli, with a relative emphasis on stimuli that are near, approaching, or touching the head (3–5). Many neurons are also sensitive to vestibular signals during head rota ...
... receives convergent input from visual, somatosensory, and motor areas (1, 2). Neurons in VIP respond to visual and somatosensory stimuli, with a relative emphasis on stimuli that are near, approaching, or touching the head (3–5). Many neurons are also sensitive to vestibular signals during head rota ...
Persistent perceptual delay for head movement onset
... GVS were significantly slower by 197 to 241 ms compared to the other stimuli. These results were surprising because of the fast transduction latencies of the vestibular afferents. In addition, people do not perceive each of the individual senses separately, as one would expect with such a large disc ...
... GVS were significantly slower by 197 to 241 ms compared to the other stimuli. These results were surprising because of the fast transduction latencies of the vestibular afferents. In addition, people do not perceive each of the individual senses separately, as one would expect with such a large disc ...
Kandel and Schwartz, 4th Edition Principles of Neural Science Chap
... mechanisms to allow successful performance of the behavior. The amygdala also activates the hypothalamus to motivate the player to hit a good shot. B. To execute the shot the player must use all of the structures illustrated in A as well as others. The player's motor cortex must send signals to the ...
... mechanisms to allow successful performance of the behavior. The amygdala also activates the hypothalamus to motivate the player to hit a good shot. B. To execute the shot the player must use all of the structures illustrated in A as well as others. The player's motor cortex must send signals to the ...
Somatosensory System Organization and Texture Sensation in Rats
... curved cortex between two slides and sectioned the slab in a tangential plane that yielded a large horizontal expanse of layer IV in a single section. Once the tissue was stained, distinct clusters of densely packed neurons were visible. The grid-like arrangement of the 35 clusters resembled wine ca ...
... curved cortex between two slides and sectioned the slab in a tangential plane that yielded a large horizontal expanse of layer IV in a single section. Once the tissue was stained, distinct clusters of densely packed neurons were visible. The grid-like arrangement of the 35 clusters resembled wine ca ...
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... sensory environment is continuously modified by experience. Changes in spatial (receptive field) and temporal response properties of cortical neurons underlie many forms of natural learning. The scale and direction of these changes appear to be determined by specific features of the behavioral tasks ...
... sensory environment is continuously modified by experience. Changes in spatial (receptive field) and temporal response properties of cortical neurons underlie many forms of natural learning. The scale and direction of these changes appear to be determined by specific features of the behavioral tasks ...
31 - UCL
... primates do have more cortex in between the primary sensory areas; but that cortex consists not of poly-modal association areas, but rather larger and more numerous modality-specific (i.e., visual, auditory, and somatosensory) areas. The studies discussed above provide no indication that humans are ...
... primates do have more cortex in between the primary sensory areas; but that cortex consists not of poly-modal association areas, but rather larger and more numerous modality-specific (i.e., visual, auditory, and somatosensory) areas. The studies discussed above provide no indication that humans are ...
Functional imaging of human auditory cortex
... (a) Meta-analysis of 10 fMRI studies (see text) of frequency tuning in human auditory cortex showing cortical-surface regions responsive to high frequencies (red) and low frequencies (blue). HG, Heschl’s gyrus (anterior). (b) Average mirror-symmetric tontopic organization from data analyzed directly ...
... (a) Meta-analysis of 10 fMRI studies (see text) of frequency tuning in human auditory cortex showing cortical-surface regions responsive to high frequencies (red) and low frequencies (blue). HG, Heschl’s gyrus (anterior). (b) Average mirror-symmetric tontopic organization from data analyzed directly ...
HH--Bell`s palsy - 2
... The vestibular afferent ganglion cells are located in Scarpa’s ganglion, which is inside the portion of the vestibular nerve inside the internal auditory canal. The cochlear nerve is composed of approx. 30,000 afferent bipolar ganglion cells. The efferent cochlear axons (olivocochlear bundle - appro ...
... The vestibular afferent ganglion cells are located in Scarpa’s ganglion, which is inside the portion of the vestibular nerve inside the internal auditory canal. The cochlear nerve is composed of approx. 30,000 afferent bipolar ganglion cells. The efferent cochlear axons (olivocochlear bundle - appro ...
Review The Neural Basis of Perceptual Learning
... cortical maps, in the temporal characteristics of neuronal responses, and in modulation of contextual influences. Top-down control of these representations suggests that learning involves an interaction between multiple cortical areas. Introduction Learning comes in many forms, some of which are exp ...
... cortical maps, in the temporal characteristics of neuronal responses, and in modulation of contextual influences. Top-down control of these representations suggests that learning involves an interaction between multiple cortical areas. Introduction Learning comes in many forms, some of which are exp ...