Lecture 34 Notes
... Next Mike shows that Musser’s attempted fix also fails. That was for the programming language Euclid. He comments that in our book, A Programming Logic, 1978, we use a total correctness logic to avoid these problems. The Nuprl type theory deals with partial correctness using partial types.We will ex ...
... Next Mike shows that Musser’s attempted fix also fails. That was for the programming language Euclid. He comments that in our book, A Programming Logic, 1978, we use a total correctness logic to avoid these problems. The Nuprl type theory deals with partial correctness using partial types.We will ex ...
Propositional Logic Predicate Logic
... “For any x, A” A is true for all individuals x. ∃x.A “There exists x s.t. A” B is true for some individual x. We also use individual constant a, b, c, etc. For some specific theories, we may write ∀x ∈ X.A or ∃x ∈ X.A to specify the set that x ranges over. Note. Nullary predicates (or, predicates wi ...
... “For any x, A” A is true for all individuals x. ∃x.A “There exists x s.t. A” B is true for some individual x. We also use individual constant a, b, c, etc. For some specific theories, we may write ∀x ∈ X.A or ∃x ∈ X.A to specify the set that x ranges over. Note. Nullary predicates (or, predicates wi ...
pdf
... Problems 1. A proof rule is reversible if its main goal is equivalent to the conjunction of all its subgoals. (a) Show that all rules of Gentzen’s multi-conclusioned sequent calculus are reversible. (b) Show that the refinement logic rule impL is irreversible 2. For the completeness proof of refinem ...
... Problems 1. A proof rule is reversible if its main goal is equivalent to the conjunction of all its subgoals. (a) Show that all rules of Gentzen’s multi-conclusioned sequent calculus are reversible. (b) Show that the refinement logic rule impL is irreversible 2. For the completeness proof of refinem ...
Logic of Natural Language Semantics: Presuppositions and
... a proposition, which can be true or false. However, as linguists and philosophers have already noticed, sometimes, a declarative sentence also expresses some extra content on which the truth value of its proposition depends. Such contents are known as presuppositions and they are so called because i ...
... a proposition, which can be true or false. However, as linguists and philosophers have already noticed, sometimes, a declarative sentence also expresses some extra content on which the truth value of its proposition depends. Such contents are known as presuppositions and they are so called because i ...
Programming and Problem Solving with Java: Chapter 14
... proof be made invalid by adding additional premises or assumptions? ...
... proof be made invalid by adding additional premises or assumptions? ...
Carnap and Quine on the analytic-synthetic - Philsci
... Quine’s position are in fact quite close,1 and it becomes hard to understand why Quine’s victory has been so crushing. In this paper I will focus on one aspect of the debate, namely analyticity as truth by virtue of meaning, or rather truth by virtue of the rules of a chosen linguistic framework. Th ...
... Quine’s position are in fact quite close,1 and it becomes hard to understand why Quine’s victory has been so crushing. In this paper I will focus on one aspect of the debate, namely analyticity as truth by virtue of meaning, or rather truth by virtue of the rules of a chosen linguistic framework. Th ...
Title PI name/institution
... Integrated Enzyme-Logic systems for Monitoring and Treating Autonomously Injured Soldiers Joseph Wang (UCSD) and Evgeny Katz (Clarkson University) Project Objectives: To develop next-generation ‘sense and treat’ autonomous devices for enhancing the survival rate among A) injured soldiers in the batt ...
... Integrated Enzyme-Logic systems for Monitoring and Treating Autonomously Injured Soldiers Joseph Wang (UCSD) and Evgeny Katz (Clarkson University) Project Objectives: To develop next-generation ‘sense and treat’ autonomous devices for enhancing the survival rate among A) injured soldiers in the batt ...
pdf
... Church and Turing in 1936 laid the foundations for computer science by defining equivalent notions of computability – Church for software, Turing for hardware. Their ideas were used to make precise the insights of Brouwer from 1900 that mathematics is based on fundamental human intuitions about numb ...
... Church and Turing in 1936 laid the foundations for computer science by defining equivalent notions of computability – Church for software, Turing for hardware. Their ideas were used to make precise the insights of Brouwer from 1900 that mathematics is based on fundamental human intuitions about numb ...
Frege`s Foundations of Arithmetic
... Lecture plan Please note that the “further reading” items are not a tutorial reading list. Some of the readings listed may be on your reading lists, but many of them are on related issues that go beyond the main content of the course, in case you are interested. The section numbers listed for each w ...
... Lecture plan Please note that the “further reading” items are not a tutorial reading list. Some of the readings listed may be on your reading lists, but many of them are on related issues that go beyond the main content of the course, in case you are interested. The section numbers listed for each w ...
Quine. “Two Dogmas of Empiricism” - University of San Diego Home
... Ontological questions…are on a par with questions of natural science…the issue over there being classes seems more a question of convenient conceptual scheme; the issue over there being centaurs, or brick houses on Elm Street, seems more a question of fact. But I have been urging that this differenc ...
... Ontological questions…are on a par with questions of natural science…the issue over there being classes seems more a question of convenient conceptual scheme; the issue over there being centaurs, or brick houses on Elm Street, seems more a question of fact. But I have been urging that this differenc ...
IntroToLogic - Department of Computer Science
... The validity of first order logic is not decidable. (It is semi-decidable.) If a theorem is logically entailed by an axiom, you can prove that it is. But if it is not, you can’t necessarily prove that it is not. (You may go on infinitely with your ...
... The validity of first order logic is not decidable. (It is semi-decidable.) If a theorem is logically entailed by an axiom, you can prove that it is. But if it is not, you can’t necessarily prove that it is not. (You may go on infinitely with your ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... distinction, but because of an adequacy condition on criteria for drawing the distinction.6 A key to understanding (some of) Quine’s skepticism about the a/s distinction is what I shall call the transcendence requirement.7 According to the transcendence requirement, any adequate criterion for a meta ...
... distinction, but because of an adequacy condition on criteria for drawing the distinction.6 A key to understanding (some of) Quine’s skepticism about the a/s distinction is what I shall call the transcendence requirement.7 According to the transcendence requirement, any adequate criterion for a meta ...
HISTORY OF LOGIC
... • Computability theory had its roots in the work of Turing, Church, Kleene, and Post in the 1930s and 40s. • Developed to Recursion. • Computation Complexity Theory, was also characterized in logical terms as a result of investigations into descriptive ...
... • Computability theory had its roots in the work of Turing, Church, Kleene, and Post in the 1930s and 40s. • Developed to Recursion. • Computation Complexity Theory, was also characterized in logical terms as a result of investigations into descriptive ...
PHILOSOPHY 326 / MATHEMATICS 307 SYMBOLIC LOGIC This
... decision procedures for determining truth functional validity and logical equivalence, and (most importantly) proficiency in constructing proofs in a system of natural deduction for the logic of propositions. This course does not have a fixed and predetermined syllabus. There is core content which w ...
... decision procedures for determining truth functional validity and logical equivalence, and (most importantly) proficiency in constructing proofs in a system of natural deduction for the logic of propositions. This course does not have a fixed and predetermined syllabus. There is core content which w ...
quine - University of St Andrews
... in formal proofs. They thus have their rightful place in the tool-kit of the logician. So it seems wise to bring them into the picture. Also, the definition of logical truth might become more perspicuous this way. ...
... in formal proofs. They thus have their rightful place in the tool-kit of the logician. So it seems wise to bring them into the picture. Also, the definition of logical truth might become more perspicuous this way. ...
1. Kripke`s semantics for modal logic
... It is even suggested in the literature, that though a notion of necessity may have some sort of intuition behind it (we do think some things could have been otherwise; other things we don’t think could have been otherwise), this notion [of a distinction between necessary and contingent properties] i ...
... It is even suggested in the literature, that though a notion of necessity may have some sort of intuition behind it (we do think some things could have been otherwise; other things we don’t think could have been otherwise), this notion [of a distinction between necessary and contingent properties] i ...
This dissertation is a critique of three strands of recent
... epistemology, Quine’s. I examine the debate surrounding Quine’s proposal to respond to skepticism by showing that skeptical doubts are themselves scientific. I argue that Quine’s strategy is not meant to answer skepticism by showing our beliefs to be logically justified after all, but by showing tha ...
... epistemology, Quine’s. I examine the debate surrounding Quine’s proposal to respond to skepticism by showing that skeptical doubts are themselves scientific. I argue that Quine’s strategy is not meant to answer skepticism by showing our beliefs to be logically justified after all, but by showing tha ...
PHI 515 Quine
... The Two Dogmas (1) the analytic/synthetic distinction (2) reductionism (of individual meaningful statements to complexes of possible confirmatory experience). According to Quine, abandoning these dogmas will pave the way for an appropriately pragmatic and "enlightened" philosophy. ...
... The Two Dogmas (1) the analytic/synthetic distinction (2) reductionism (of individual meaningful statements to complexes of possible confirmatory experience). According to Quine, abandoning these dogmas will pave the way for an appropriately pragmatic and "enlightened" philosophy. ...
Willard Van Orman Quine
Willard Van Orman Quine (/kwaɪn/; June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) (known to intimates as ""Van"") was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition, recognized as ""one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century."" From 1930 until his death 70 years later, Quine was continually affiliated with Harvard University in one way or another, first as a student, then as a professor of philosophy and a teacher of logic and set theory, and finally as a professor emeritus who published or revised several books in retirement. He filled the Edgar Pierce Chair of Philosophy at Harvard from 1956 to 1978. A recent poll conducted among analytic philosophers named Quine as the fifth most important philosopher of the past two centuries. He won the first Schock Prize in Logic and Philosophy in 1993 for ""his systematical and penetrating discussions of how learning of language and communication are based on socially available evidence and of the consequences of this for theories on knowledge and linguistic meaning."" In 1996 he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy for his ""outstanding contributions to the progress of philosophy in the 20th century by proposing numerous theories based on keen insights in logic, epistemology, philosophy of science and philosophy of language.""Quine falls squarely into the analytic philosophy tradition while also being the main proponent of the view that philosophy is not conceptual analysis but the abstract branch of the empirical sciences. His major writings include ""Two Dogmas of Empiricism"" (1951), which attacked the distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions and advocated a form of semantic holism, and Word and Object (1960), which further developed these positions and introduced Quine's famous indeterminacy of translation thesis, advocating a behaviorist theory of meaning. He also developed an influential naturalized epistemology that tried to provide ""an improved scientific explanation of how we have developed elaborate scientific theories on the basis of meager sensory input."" He is also important in philosophy of science for his ""systematic attempt to understand science from within the resources of science itself"" and for his conception of philosophy as continuous with science. This led to his famous quip that ""philosophy of science is philosophy enough."" In philosophy of mathematics, he and his Harvard colleague Hilary Putnam developed the ""Quine–Putnam indispensability thesis,"" an argument for the reality of mathematical entities.