CLASSICAL LOGIC and FUZZY LOGIC
... In classical logic, a simple proposition P is a linguistic, or declarative, statement contained within a universe of elements, X, that can be identified as being a collection of elements in X that are strictly true or strictly false. The veracity (truth) of an element in the proposition P can be ass ...
... In classical logic, a simple proposition P is a linguistic, or declarative, statement contained within a universe of elements, X, that can be identified as being a collection of elements in X that are strictly true or strictly false. The veracity (truth) of an element in the proposition P can be ass ...
A path towards quantum gravity
... • 1. Gravity first in the very early universe, then all other fundamental interactions. • 2. Gravity might result from Quantum Field Theory (Sakharov). • 3. The vacuum of particle physics as a cold quantum liquid in equilibrium. Photons, gravitons and gluons as collective excitations of this liquid. ...
... • 1. Gravity first in the very early universe, then all other fundamental interactions. • 2. Gravity might result from Quantum Field Theory (Sakharov). • 3. The vacuum of particle physics as a cold quantum liquid in equilibrium. Photons, gravitons and gluons as collective excitations of this liquid. ...
PDF
... Let FO(Σ) be a first order language over signature Σ. Recall that the axioms for FO(Σ) are (universal) generalizations of wff’s belonging to one of the following six schemas: 1. A → (B → A) 2. (A → (B → C)) → ((A → B) → (A → C)) 3. ¬¬A → A 4. ∀x(A → B) → (∀xA → ∀xB), where x ∈ V 5. A → ∀xA, where x ...
... Let FO(Σ) be a first order language over signature Σ. Recall that the axioms for FO(Σ) are (universal) generalizations of wff’s belonging to one of the following six schemas: 1. A → (B → A) 2. (A → (B → C)) → ((A → B) → (A → C)) 3. ¬¬A → A 4. ∀x(A → B) → (∀xA → ∀xB), where x ∈ V 5. A → ∀xA, where x ...
Powerpoint 8/12
... to be released by the evaporating black hole must and will be found in the correct theory of quantum gravity, Therefore Preskill offers, and Hawking/Thorne accept, a wager that: When an initial pure quantum state undergoes gravitational collapse to form a black hole, the final state at the end of bl ...
... to be released by the evaporating black hole must and will be found in the correct theory of quantum gravity, Therefore Preskill offers, and Hawking/Thorne accept, a wager that: When an initial pure quantum state undergoes gravitational collapse to form a black hole, the final state at the end of bl ...
Kaluza-Klein Theory
... • surely, the genius of these giants of unification would be lauded by their peers for decades! ...
... • surely, the genius of these giants of unification would be lauded by their peers for decades! ...
Hierarchy of Planck Constants
... succeeded in understanding a group of natural processes, we invariably mean that a constructive theory has been found which covers the processes in question. Along with this most important class of theories there exists a second, which I will call "principle-theories." These employ the analytic, not ...
... succeeded in understanding a group of natural processes, we invariably mean that a constructive theory has been found which covers the processes in question. Along with this most important class of theories there exists a second, which I will call "principle-theories." These employ the analytic, not ...
6.1.5. Number Representation: Operators
... Â 0 if the number of particles in either or is not one. ...
... Â 0 if the number of particles in either or is not one. ...
The Strange World of Quantum Physics
... - when you don’t look. - when you put detectors in front of the table and sofa, but don’t look. What do they show? 2. Explain what happens when someone tries to see what is happening. How does it change what happens? **If the world is not “physical” in the way scientists first thought it was – but f ...
... - when you don’t look. - when you put detectors in front of the table and sofa, but don’t look. What do they show? 2. Explain what happens when someone tries to see what is happening. How does it change what happens? **If the world is not “physical” in the way scientists first thought it was – but f ...
Quantum Theory
... Low energy light disturbs the velocity less, but gives high uncertainty of location. Lower energy light gives worse resolution. The uncertainty of position times the uncertainty of momentum is greater or equal to Planck’s constant divided by 4p. ...
... Low energy light disturbs the velocity less, but gives high uncertainty of location. Lower energy light gives worse resolution. The uncertainty of position times the uncertainty of momentum is greater or equal to Planck’s constant divided by 4p. ...
ПУБЛИКАЦИИ ЛАБОРАТОРИИ ФИЗИКИ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ
... field, and one-loop finiteness of quantum gravity. The effects are due to graviton-ghost condensates arising from the interference of quantum coherent states. Each of coherent states is a state of gravitons and ghosts of a wavelength of the order of the horizon scale and of different occupation numb ...
... field, and one-loop finiteness of quantum gravity. The effects are due to graviton-ghost condensates arising from the interference of quantum coherent states. Each of coherent states is a state of gravitons and ghosts of a wavelength of the order of the horizon scale and of different occupation numb ...
Normalised and Cut-free Logic of Proofs
... be obtained in the logic of proofs with an intuitionistic base. Indeed, for Ilp too, we can prove the deduction theorem, the substitution lemma and the internalisation of proofs. Moreover, Ilp is sound and complete with respect to the modal logic S4 with an intuitionistic base, and with respect to H ...
... be obtained in the logic of proofs with an intuitionistic base. Indeed, for Ilp too, we can prove the deduction theorem, the substitution lemma and the internalisation of proofs. Moreover, Ilp is sound and complete with respect to the modal logic S4 with an intuitionistic base, and with respect to H ...
Terahertz Spectroscopy of CdSe Quantum Dots
... Recent synthesis advances have shown many quantum dot reactions to be robust, cheap, and ...
... Recent synthesis advances have shown many quantum dot reactions to be robust, cheap, and ...
Natural Deduction Calculus for Quantified Propositional Linear
... In this paper we continue our investigation of natural deduction framework for non-classical setting, this time tackling propositional linear-time temporal logic extended with propositional quantification [Sistla (1983)]. We follow the notation adopted in [French and Reynolds (2002)] calling this lo ...
... In this paper we continue our investigation of natural deduction framework for non-classical setting, this time tackling propositional linear-time temporal logic extended with propositional quantification [Sistla (1983)]. We follow the notation adopted in [French and Reynolds (2002)] calling this lo ...
Chapter 2 Statistical Thermodynamics 1
... - The object of statistical thermodynamics is to present a particle theory leading to an interpretation of the equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems. - The foundation upon which the theory rests is quantum mechanics. - A satisfactory theory can be developed using only the quantum mechanics c ...
... - The object of statistical thermodynamics is to present a particle theory leading to an interpretation of the equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems. - The foundation upon which the theory rests is quantum mechanics. - A satisfactory theory can be developed using only the quantum mechanics c ...
slides - Frontiers of Fundamental Physics (FFP14)
... the position will alter the momentum by an unknown and undeterminable amount,’ whereas Niels Bohr ‘warned specifically against phrases, often found in the physical literature, such as ‘disturbing of phenomena ...
... the position will alter the momentum by an unknown and undeterminable amount,’ whereas Niels Bohr ‘warned specifically against phrases, often found in the physical literature, such as ‘disturbing of phenomena ...
Standard Model of Physics
... physics. The current understanding of all the particles in nature and the forces among them is in terms of gauge theories. These gauge theories are actually quantum field theories with a local symmetry under certain group transformations. To make the matters complicated, the local symmetry, and the ...
... physics. The current understanding of all the particles in nature and the forces among them is in terms of gauge theories. These gauge theories are actually quantum field theories with a local symmetry under certain group transformations. To make the matters complicated, the local symmetry, and the ...
Were Bohr and Einstein both right
... • And so in the urs, where the Pauli exclusion principle applies ensuring that each urs symbol is unique, ie canonically labelled, Pauli exclusion constitutes an entirely new computational principle of calculation based on the criterion of nilpotent, where for each such state, an operator X ≠ 0 exis ...
... • And so in the urs, where the Pauli exclusion principle applies ensuring that each urs symbol is unique, ie canonically labelled, Pauli exclusion constitutes an entirely new computational principle of calculation based on the criterion of nilpotent, where for each such state, an operator X ≠ 0 exis ...
Introduction: what is quantum field theory
... take the classical degrees of freedom and promote them to operators acting on a Hilbert space. In QFT, we are doing essentially the same - for fields. Thus the basic degrees of freedom in quantum field theory are operator valued functions of space and time. Classically, every point in space has a fi ...
... take the classical degrees of freedom and promote them to operators acting on a Hilbert space. In QFT, we are doing essentially the same - for fields. Thus the basic degrees of freedom in quantum field theory are operator valued functions of space and time. Classically, every point in space has a fi ...
Continuous Model Theory - Math @ McMaster University
... Notice that Th(M) is a linear functional on the space of sentences and is in fact determined by its kernel. We then sometimes refer to {ϕ ∈ SentL : ϕM = 0} as the theory of M. • An (L-)theory is a set of sentences T which is contained in ...
... Notice that Th(M) is a linear functional on the space of sentences and is in fact determined by its kernel. We then sometimes refer to {ϕ ∈ SentL : ϕM = 0} as the theory of M. • An (L-)theory is a set of sentences T which is contained in ...