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Intuitionistic and Modal Logic
Intuitionistic and Modal Logic

Classical first-order predicate logic This is a powerful extension
Classical first-order predicate logic This is a powerful extension

Introduction to Linear Logic - Shane Steinert
Introduction to Linear Logic - Shane Steinert

A Logical Expression of Reasoning
A Logical Expression of Reasoning

Introduction to Linear Logic
Introduction to Linear Logic

... For pedagogical purposes we shall also have a look at Classical Logic as well as Intuitionistic Logic. Linear Logic was introduced by J.-Y. Girard in 1987 and it has attracted much attention from computer scientists, as it is a logical way of coping with resources and resource control. The focus of ...
Partial Grounded Fixpoints
Partial Grounded Fixpoints

John Nolt – Logics, chp 11-12
John Nolt – Logics, chp 11-12

higher-order logic - University of Amsterdam
higher-order logic - University of Amsterdam

Strong Logics of First and Second Order
Strong Logics of First and Second Order

slides
slides

Formal deduction in propositional logic
Formal deduction in propositional logic

... • Remark: In (∨−) it is the ∨ between A and B in A ∨ B that is eliminated in the conclusion C . • (¬ −) expresses the method of indirect proof or proof by contradiction: if a contradiction (denoted by B and ¬B) follows from certain premises (denoted by Σ) with an additional supposition that a certai ...
In order to define the notion of proof rigorously, we would have to
In order to define the notion of proof rigorously, we would have to

... discharging mechanism but they all involve some form of tagging (with “new” variable). For example, the rule formalizing the process that we have just described to prove an implication, A ⇒ B, known as ⇒-introduction, uses a tagging mechanism described precisely in Definition 1.2.1. Now, the rule th ...
notes
notes

... The rst is valid if and only if the assertion P is valid while the second is valid if and only if the command c does not halt. It turns out that the culprit is the C rule, C ...
Modal Logic for Artificial Intelligence
Modal Logic for Artificial Intelligence

On the Notion of Coherence in Fuzzy Answer Set Semantics
On the Notion of Coherence in Fuzzy Answer Set Semantics

Proofs in Propositional Logic
Proofs in Propositional Logic

Propositional Discourse Logic
Propositional Discourse Logic

Proofs in Propositional Logic
Proofs in Propositional Logic

... This tactic can be useful for avoiding proof duplication inside some interactive proof. Notice that the scope of the declaration H :B is limited to the second subgoal. If a proof of B is needed elsewhere, it would be better to prove a lemma stating B. Remark : Sometimes the overuse of assert may lea ...
A Proof Theory for Generic Judgments
A Proof Theory for Generic Judgments

Kripke completeness revisited
Kripke completeness revisited

notes
notes

Introduction to first order logic for knowledge representation
Introduction to first order logic for knowledge representation

A Computationally-Discovered Simplification of the Ontological
A Computationally-Discovered Simplification of the Ontological

A Computationally-Discovered Simplification of the Ontological
A Computationally-Discovered Simplification of the Ontological

... Following the example of Fitelson and Zalta [2007], we investigated the above analysis with the help of automated reasoning technologies. We implemented our 1991 formulation of the ontological argument in prover9, which is a well-known and easy-to-use theorem-proving environment. In what follows, we ...
Sequent-Systems for Modal Logic
Sequent-Systems for Modal Logic

... All rules for logical constants will be given by double-line rules. Then we shall present sequent-systems for classical, Heyting and KolmogorovJohansson ("minimal") propositional logic, and also a sequent-system for an intuitionistic relevant propositional logic, which is essentially logic without T ...
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Syllogism

A syllogism (Greek: συλλογισμός syllogismos, ""conclusion, inference"") is a kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two or more propositions that are asserted or assumed to be true.In its earliest form, defined by Aristotle, from the combination of a general statement (the major premise) and a specific statement (the minor premise), a conclusion is deduced. For example, knowing that all men are mortal (major premise) and that Socrates is a man (minor premise), we may validly conclude that Socrates is mortal. Syllogistic arguments are usually represented in a three-line form (without sentence-terminating periods):All men are mortalSocrates is a manTherefore, Socrates is mortal
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