Optical Microscopy Beyond the Diffraction Limit
... high power semiconductor lasers using NSOM. In this case, the advantage of NSOM is to provide a means for localized high-resolution sensing of the propagating fields. The laser diodes we tested are designed to emit a nearly diffraction limited single lobe at 980 nm wavelength to be used for optical ...
... high power semiconductor lasers using NSOM. In this case, the advantage of NSOM is to provide a means for localized high-resolution sensing of the propagating fields. The laser diodes we tested are designed to emit a nearly diffraction limited single lobe at 980 nm wavelength to be used for optical ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... The coefficient of proportionality is the electrical resistivity ρ= 1/σ, which is also the reciprocal of the temperature dependent electrical conductivity σ=σ (T). Combining these facts gives the fully coupled relation, ...
... The coefficient of proportionality is the electrical resistivity ρ= 1/σ, which is also the reciprocal of the temperature dependent electrical conductivity σ=σ (T). Combining these facts gives the fully coupled relation, ...
Mercury in a box – in the Planetary Emissivity Laboratory (PEL) at
... to temperatures of up to 700K permitting measurements under realistic conditions for the surface of Mercury. In a next step we will add a second heating source above the sample which will allow to force thermal gradients in the samples which is a much more realistic representation of the thermal con ...
... to temperatures of up to 700K permitting measurements under realistic conditions for the surface of Mercury. In a next step we will add a second heating source above the sample which will allow to force thermal gradients in the samples which is a much more realistic representation of the thermal con ...
Determination of Absolute Values of Refractive Index of Liquids
... This way no active temperature control was needed. However, the real situation is more complicated. In our measurements the sample was kept in a stainless steel vessel of approximately 6 mm thick walls and the sample surface was exposed to ambient air. Evaporation at the sample surface can create co ...
... This way no active temperature control was needed. However, the real situation is more complicated. In our measurements the sample was kept in a stainless steel vessel of approximately 6 mm thick walls and the sample surface was exposed to ambient air. Evaporation at the sample surface can create co ...
Novel 3-D microscopy techniques - Purdue University Cytometry
... confocal and multiphoton microscopy. Optical sections through a glomerulus from an acid-fucsinstained monkey kidney pathology sample imaged by confocal microscopy with 2 µW of 532-nm light (left, columns 1 and 2) and multiphoton microscopy with 4.3 mW of 1047-nm light (descanned; right, columns 3 an ...
... confocal and multiphoton microscopy. Optical sections through a glomerulus from an acid-fucsinstained monkey kidney pathology sample imaged by confocal microscopy with 2 µW of 532-nm light (left, columns 1 and 2) and multiphoton microscopy with 4.3 mW of 1047-nm light (descanned; right, columns 3 an ...
advanced high density interconnect materials and techniques
... So as the IC technology progresses, the importance of Interconnect technology also increases because for overall performance, improving transistors must be complemented by the interconnect improvement. ...
... So as the IC technology progresses, the importance of Interconnect technology also increases because for overall performance, improving transistors must be complemented by the interconnect improvement. ...
Near-field amplitude and phase recovery using phase
... variety of problems, including nondestructing mapping of complex dielectric properties, and mapping complex fields in nanophotonic structures[6]. Two-step homodyning is another method of amplitude and phase extraction, in which two homodyned interferometric measurements are taken at each pixel, sepa ...
... variety of problems, including nondestructing mapping of complex dielectric properties, and mapping complex fields in nanophotonic structures[6]. Two-step homodyning is another method of amplitude and phase extraction, in which two homodyned interferometric measurements are taken at each pixel, sepa ...
Temperature dependence of the Faraday rotation of terbium gallium
... studies have indicated that under high average power, even solid-state FEs suffer from their own thermal effects seriously due to small absorption coefficient ! (for example, !of Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG): Tb3Ga5O12 is the order of 10-3cm-1 at 1- " m wavelength). Especially, the absorption of las ...
... studies have indicated that under high average power, even solid-state FEs suffer from their own thermal effects seriously due to small absorption coefficient ! (for example, !of Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG): Tb3Ga5O12 is the order of 10-3cm-1 at 1- " m wavelength). Especially, the absorption of las ...
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
... Top-Seeded Solution Growth (TSSG) is a flux growth technique commonly used to grow crystals from high temperature solutions. Flux growth methods allow the crystals to grow before the melting temperature is reached and are used when the crystals melt incongruently or when there is a phase transition ...
... Top-Seeded Solution Growth (TSSG) is a flux growth technique commonly used to grow crystals from high temperature solutions. Flux growth methods allow the crystals to grow before the melting temperature is reached and are used when the crystals melt incongruently or when there is a phase transition ...
Biology 177: Principles of Modern Microscopy
... The orientation factor k2 can vary between 0 and 4, but typically k2 = 2/3 for randomly oriented molecules (Stryer, 1978). When r = R0, the efficiency of FRET is 50% (fluorescein-tetramethylrhodamine pair is 55 Å) ...
... The orientation factor k2 can vary between 0 and 4, but typically k2 = 2/3 for randomly oriented molecules (Stryer, 1978). When r = R0, the efficiency of FRET is 50% (fluorescein-tetramethylrhodamine pair is 55 Å) ...
In situ high-resolution atomic force microscope imaging of biological
... surface has been changed dramatically. Instead of the regular S-layer pattern, ‘‘holes’’ are observed. These holes have diameters of up to 10 nm and a surface density of ~862! holes/ 1000 nm2. The estimated resolution for this image is ;5 nm ~it should be noted that we were not able to obtain good h ...
... surface has been changed dramatically. Instead of the regular S-layer pattern, ‘‘holes’’ are observed. These holes have diameters of up to 10 nm and a surface density of ~862! holes/ 1000 nm2. The estimated resolution for this image is ;5 nm ~it should be noted that we were not able to obtain good h ...
Modeling and prediction of the effective thermal
... Eqs. (1)–(4) describe a classical case of the multiphase conjugate heat transfer problem [27]. At the two-phase interfaces, both the temperature and heat flux continuities have to be satisfied. As stated before, this interface constraint increases the computational costs tremendously when using the co ...
... Eqs. (1)–(4) describe a classical case of the multiphase conjugate heat transfer problem [27]. At the two-phase interfaces, both the temperature and heat flux continuities have to be satisfied. As stated before, this interface constraint increases the computational costs tremendously when using the co ...
Wavelet Transform and Neural Network Application in Optical
... differentiate the interference from signal plus interference. DWT are fed to ANN. ANN is first trained to classify by providing examples. ANN can be utilized both as a pattern classifier and equalizer. ...
... differentiate the interference from signal plus interference. DWT are fed to ANN. ANN is first trained to classify by providing examples. ANN can be utilized both as a pattern classifier and equalizer. ...
Optical Wireless Communication using Digital Pulse Interval
... differentiate the interference from signal plus interference. DWT are fed to ANN. ANN is first trained to classify by providing examples. ANN can be utilized both as a pattern classifier and equalizer. ...
... differentiate the interference from signal plus interference. DWT are fed to ANN. ANN is first trained to classify by providing examples. ANN can be utilized both as a pattern classifier and equalizer. ...
Inspection of aerospace materials by pulsed thermography, lock
... Vibrothermography (VT), also known as ultrasound thermography [11] or thermosonics [12], makes use of mechanical waves to directly stimulate defects without heating the surface as in optical methods (e.g LT and PT). In VT, ultrasonic waves travel freely through a homogeneous material, whereas an int ...
... Vibrothermography (VT), also known as ultrasound thermography [11] or thermosonics [12], makes use of mechanical waves to directly stimulate defects without heating the surface as in optical methods (e.g LT and PT). In VT, ultrasonic waves travel freely through a homogeneous material, whereas an int ...
Theoretical prediction on mechanical and thermal
... DFT are listed in Table 1, together with the previously reported experimental data [39] for comparison. As shown in Table 1, the calculated lattice parameters are very close to the theoretical ones calculated by Zhan et al. [7], but are smaller than the experimental data [39]. The smaller geometry o ...
... DFT are listed in Table 1, together with the previously reported experimental data [39] for comparison. As shown in Table 1, the calculated lattice parameters are very close to the theoretical ones calculated by Zhan et al. [7], but are smaller than the experimental data [39]. The smaller geometry o ...
CROSS-SECTIONAL SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY OF
... effects through the spatial variation of local density of states in the samples as well as topographic effects measured through the spatial variation of the probability transmission. As III-V semiconductors layers may have different chemical compositions, strain or electronic structures, all these p ...
... effects through the spatial variation of local density of states in the samples as well as topographic effects measured through the spatial variation of the probability transmission. As III-V semiconductors layers may have different chemical compositions, strain or electronic structures, all these p ...
G020062-00 - DCC
... – (a) measuring the Q of a number of modes of sapphire samples and – (b) calculating for each mode how much energy was stored in different types of deformation ...
... – (a) measuring the Q of a number of modes of sapphire samples and – (b) calculating for each mode how much energy was stored in different types of deformation ...
Surface Texture Effect on Luster of Anodized Aluminum
... image. Due to the confocal configuration of the system, only the focused wavelength will pass through the spatial filter with high efficiency, thus causing all other wavelengths to be out of focus. The spectral analysis is done using a diffraction grating. This technique deviates each wavelength at ...
... image. Due to the confocal configuration of the system, only the focused wavelength will pass through the spatial filter with high efficiency, thus causing all other wavelengths to be out of focus. The spectral analysis is done using a diffraction grating. This technique deviates each wavelength at ...
Class 7
... micropumps as a way of deflecting a thin membrane, which in turn alters the volume within a chamber below. ...
... micropumps as a way of deflecting a thin membrane, which in turn alters the volume within a chamber below. ...
Thermal conductivity of ordered molecular water
... The calculated thermal conductivities as a function of the electric field strength are shown in Fig. 2. The solid curve corresponds to the case in which electric field strength was increased and applied to molecular structures previously equilibrated at the lower value of the field. At zero field th ...
... The calculated thermal conductivities as a function of the electric field strength are shown in Fig. 2. The solid curve corresponds to the case in which electric field strength was increased and applied to molecular structures previously equilibrated at the lower value of the field. At zero field th ...
PDF
... 2sbd shows a dramatic intensity degradation of the same-area F-CARS image at n p − ns = 2252 cm−1, away from the CN resonance. Image quality depends on the powers of pump and Stokes beams and on the signal integration time. Images could be acquired by raster sample scanning as fast as 500 000 pixels ...
... 2sbd shows a dramatic intensity degradation of the same-area F-CARS image at n p − ns = 2252 cm−1, away from the CN resonance. Image quality depends on the powers of pump and Stokes beams and on the signal integration time. Images could be acquired by raster sample scanning as fast as 500 000 pixels ...
Potential of Quasicrystals and Quasicrystal Approximants for New
... power and a higher carrier mobility. important point should be made. Researchers are just beginning to thoroughly investigate the coupled thermal and electronic transport properties of these materials. Very little thermopower, thermal conductivity and carrier mobility data exist for any particular c ...
... power and a higher carrier mobility. important point should be made. Researchers are just beginning to thoroughly investigate the coupled thermal and electronic transport properties of these materials. Very little thermopower, thermal conductivity and carrier mobility data exist for any particular c ...
Millipede Memory
... possibility of using an AFM tip for readback and writing of topographic features for the purposes of data storage. In one scheme developed by them [2], reading and writing were demonstrated with a single AFM tip in contact with a rotating polycarbonate substrate. The writing was done thermomechanica ...
... possibility of using an AFM tip for readback and writing of topographic features for the purposes of data storage. In one scheme developed by them [2], reading and writing were demonstrated with a single AFM tip in contact with a rotating polycarbonate substrate. The writing was done thermomechanica ...
High-Performance Thermal Interface Technology Overview
... lowest resistance use either viscosity [7] or mechanical viewpoints [8]. The latter assumes that thermal interfaces are pushed to particle contact and that packing determines the bondline thickness. One potential cause for voiding is repeated pressure and thermal cycles with air penetrating linked H ...
... lowest resistance use either viscosity [7] or mechanical viewpoints [8]. The latter assumes that thermal interfaces are pushed to particle contact and that packing determines the bondline thickness. One potential cause for voiding is repeated pressure and thermal cycles with air penetrating linked H ...
Scanning joule expansion microscopy
Scanning Joule Expansion Microscopy is a form of scanning probe microscopy heavily based on atomic force microscopy that maps the temperature distribution along a surface. Resolutions down to 10 nm have been achieved and 1 nm resolution is theoretically possible. Thermal measurements at the nanometer scale are of both academic and industrial interest, particularly in regards to nanomaterials and modern integrated circuits.