INFLUENCE OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND FIBERSEPARATION ON LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY
... theoretically using either a Monte Carlo simulation model4, 5 or a lattice random-walk model6. The latter two reports did not only show that the sampling depth increases with fiber separation but also that the it is affected by the optical properties of the tissue. In addition, Weiss et al. shows th ...
... theoretically using either a Monte Carlo simulation model4, 5 or a lattice random-walk model6. The latter two reports did not only show that the sampling depth increases with fiber separation but also that the it is affected by the optical properties of the tissue. In addition, Weiss et al. shows th ...
optical properties of skin, subcutaneous, and muscle tissues
... parameters measured are the collimated light transmission Tc and the angular dependence of the scattered light intensity, IðÞ (W=cm 2 sr) for thin samples or the °uence rate distribution inside a slab. The normalized scattering angular dependence is equal to the scattering phase function IðÞ=Ið0Þ ...
... parameters measured are the collimated light transmission Tc and the angular dependence of the scattered light intensity, IðÞ (W=cm 2 sr) for thin samples or the °uence rate distribution inside a slab. The normalized scattering angular dependence is equal to the scattering phase function IðÞ=Ið0Þ ...
Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy
... photons absorbed = ( flux per pixel) ¥ (OD) = 2 ¥ 105 ( s * pixel * mW ) at 500 nm. Assuming a quantum yield of 0.8 and a collection efficiency of 10%, the detector receives photons at the detector = 1.6 ¥ 10 4 (s * pixel * mW of incident light). Given the quantum efficiency for a good detector (10% ...
... photons absorbed = ( flux per pixel) ¥ (OD) = 2 ¥ 105 ( s * pixel * mW ) at 500 nm. Assuming a quantum yield of 0.8 and a collection efficiency of 10%, the detector receives photons at the detector = 1.6 ¥ 10 4 (s * pixel * mW of incident light). Given the quantum efficiency for a good detector (10% ...
Paraxial Optics
... It is the simplest framework where optical systems are described. A great variety of textbooks in optics include specific chapters to the paraxial approximation of the geometrical optics.[1–11] Other textbooks focused in geometrical optics propose that the paraxial treatment should be included as pa ...
... It is the simplest framework where optical systems are described. A great variety of textbooks in optics include specific chapters to the paraxial approximation of the geometrical optics.[1–11] Other textbooks focused in geometrical optics propose that the paraxial treatment should be included as pa ...
Development and Characterization of a 300mm Dual
... optical design. A shorter illumination wavelength allows higher optical resolution, but the wavelength must be long enough to transmit efficiently through silicon. The illumination bandwidth must be chosen carefully to efficiently illuminate the wafer target. This is because the illumination light r ...
... optical design. A shorter illumination wavelength allows higher optical resolution, but the wavelength must be long enough to transmit efficiently through silicon. The illumination bandwidth must be chosen carefully to efficiently illuminate the wafer target. This is because the illumination light r ...
The Equation of Number the Total Internal of Reflection Angles
... physicist C.Wilbur Peter. By 1960, glass -clad fibers had attenuation of about one decibel per meter, fine for medical imaging, but much too high for communication [2]. Optical fibers had attracted some attention because they were analogous in theory to plastic dielectric waveguides used certain mic ...
... physicist C.Wilbur Peter. By 1960, glass -clad fibers had attenuation of about one decibel per meter, fine for medical imaging, but much too high for communication [2]. Optical fibers had attracted some attention because they were analogous in theory to plastic dielectric waveguides used certain mic ...
Fabrication of concave silicon micro-mirrors
... irradiating annular patterns, lines are irradiated instead (Fig. 1f). Concave mirrors and cylinders with two different diameters, D = 20µm and D = 100µm, were fabricated here. After irradiation, the photoresist was removed with Nano StripTM (Cyantek Inc) and the wafer electrochemically etched at 70m ...
... irradiating annular patterns, lines are irradiated instead (Fig. 1f). Concave mirrors and cylinders with two different diameters, D = 20µm and D = 100µm, were fabricated here. After irradiation, the photoresist was removed with Nano StripTM (Cyantek Inc) and the wafer electrochemically etched at 70m ...
Liquid-crystal photonic applications
... structure containing a side chain, multiple aromatic rings, and a terminal group on the other side.13 As an illustration, Fig. 1 shows a 4-pentyl-4’-cyanobiphenyl molecule, which constitutes the well-known liquid crystal 5CB, which has been widely used in mixtures for display applications. The 5CB m ...
... structure containing a side chain, multiple aromatic rings, and a terminal group on the other side.13 As an illustration, Fig. 1 shows a 4-pentyl-4’-cyanobiphenyl molecule, which constitutes the well-known liquid crystal 5CB, which has been widely used in mixtures for display applications. The 5CB m ...
1.5 MB
... Fig. 6. The interference calculated numerically for positive (a) and negative (b) optical vortex. An optical vortex (positive (c), negative (d)) was introduced into laser beam after reflection from a spatial light modulator and the beam passed through the measurement system shown in Fig. 5. ...
... Fig. 6. The interference calculated numerically for positive (a) and negative (b) optical vortex. An optical vortex (positive (c), negative (d)) was introduced into laser beam after reflection from a spatial light modulator and the beam passed through the measurement system shown in Fig. 5. ...
Quantitative spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging
... because acoustic absorption (which absorbs the higher frequencies more) removes the higher frequencies for signals arriving from further away. Images with spatial resolutions of a few tens of microns for sub-centimeter depths, extending to resolutions of a millimeter or so at several centimeters, ca ...
... because acoustic absorption (which absorbs the higher frequencies more) removes the higher frequencies for signals arriving from further away. Images with spatial resolutions of a few tens of microns for sub-centimeter depths, extending to resolutions of a millimeter or so at several centimeters, ca ...
Digital Radiographic Image Acquisition and Processing
... Spatial resolution of the digital image is determined by the thickness of the phosphor layer and the number of pixels, which also effects resolution. Cassette-based spatial resolution is approximately 2.55 lp/mm to 5 lp/mm (lower than 10 lp/mm of conventional radiography). ...
... Spatial resolution of the digital image is determined by the thickness of the phosphor layer and the number of pixels, which also effects resolution. Cassette-based spatial resolution is approximately 2.55 lp/mm to 5 lp/mm (lower than 10 lp/mm of conventional radiography). ...
Chapter 18 - Handbook of Optics
... was developed by Wynne (1965, 1974) for the region of the spectrum extending from 365 to 1014 nm. It is used to extend the field of a parabolic mirror. Versions for a Ritchey-Chretien primary also exist. The corrector is able to correct spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, and field curvature wh ...
... was developed by Wynne (1965, 1974) for the region of the spectrum extending from 365 to 1014 nm. It is used to extend the field of a parabolic mirror. Versions for a Ritchey-Chretien primary also exist. The corrector is able to correct spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, and field curvature wh ...
Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy
... Given the quantum efficiency for a good detector (10% at 500 nm), the final detected photon flux should be about flux detected = 1600 photons (s * pixel * mW of light). This flux should be compared with the dark noise of most detectors, which can vary between 10 and 100 equivalent photons/(s * pixel ...
... Given the quantum efficiency for a good detector (10% at 500 nm), the final detected photon flux should be about flux detected = 1600 photons (s * pixel * mW of light). This flux should be compared with the dark noise of most detectors, which can vary between 10 and 100 equivalent photons/(s * pixel ...
Ultrashort laser pulse generation
... In the stationary state, the SAM effect leads to a net loss before and after the pulse, preventing satellite pulses or some lowintensity background from emerging. With a broad-band gain and low GDD, it could, in principle, shorten the pulse down to the sub-100-fs regime. However, SAM induced by a sa ...
... In the stationary state, the SAM effect leads to a net loss before and after the pulse, preventing satellite pulses or some lowintensity background from emerging. With a broad-band gain and low GDD, it could, in principle, shorten the pulse down to the sub-100-fs regime. However, SAM induced by a sa ...
Understanding Laser Beam Parameters Leads to Better System
... to develop superior lasers which deliver good and clean beams consistently over a long period of time (i.e. long lifetime), which requires more than just the regular verification of laser output power during a development project. Besides electronic measurement techniques there are alternative non-e ...
... to develop superior lasers which deliver good and clean beams consistently over a long period of time (i.e. long lifetime), which requires more than just the regular verification of laser output power during a development project. Besides electronic measurement techniques there are alternative non-e ...
2001 - Institute of Applied Physics - Friedrich-Schiller
... increases when the angular spectrum or the beam diameter are increased. For the fabrication of refractive beam shaping elements, we usually employ gray tone lithography, which is a suitable technology to produce continuous three-dimensional profiles. One of the limitations of this technology is, tha ...
... increases when the angular spectrum or the beam diameter are increased. For the fabrication of refractive beam shaping elements, we usually employ gray tone lithography, which is a suitable technology to produce continuous three-dimensional profiles. One of the limitations of this technology is, tha ...
Rapid RNA Exchange in Aqueous Two-Phase System and Coacervate Droplets Christian Hentrich
... Properties of ATPS and Coacervate Systems A 16 % dextran/10 % PEG (initial w/v) ATPS was prepared, yielding roughly equal volumes of the dextran-rich and PEG-rich phases (Fig. S1a). When the ATPS was mixed by vortexing, a turbid suspension consisting of small, dispersed dextran-rich droplets in the ...
... Properties of ATPS and Coacervate Systems A 16 % dextran/10 % PEG (initial w/v) ATPS was prepared, yielding roughly equal volumes of the dextran-rich and PEG-rich phases (Fig. S1a). When the ATPS was mixed by vortexing, a turbid suspension consisting of small, dispersed dextran-rich droplets in the ...
Semiconductor optical amplifier-based all-optical gates
... Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download a ...
... Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download a ...
Binocular Performance Index
... may exist, I have not seen any binoculars specified as diffraction limited. Therefore, it might be expected that most if not all binoculars would never be able to reach these limits. It is reasonable to expect that the scopes used for comparison would be able to achieve slightly better results, and ...
... may exist, I have not seen any binoculars specified as diffraction limited. Therefore, it might be expected that most if not all binoculars would never be able to reach these limits. It is reasonable to expect that the scopes used for comparison would be able to achieve slightly better results, and ...
... The dynamic and deterministic control of light over space and time on the subwavelength scale is a key requirement in order to extend concepts and functionalities of macro-optics down to the nanometer scale. An increased level of control will also have fundamental implications in our understanding ...
File
... directly, try this simple experiment. Poke a small hole in a card using a pin and, holding the card a few inches away, look through the hole at a lightbulb. While doing so, move the head of the pin between the hole and your eye; you’ll see an upside-down pinhead. The hole acts as a point source that ...
... directly, try this simple experiment. Poke a small hole in a card using a pin and, holding the card a few inches away, look through the hole at a lightbulb. While doing so, move the head of the pin between the hole and your eye; you’ll see an upside-down pinhead. The hole acts as a point source that ...
Medical applications of Terahertz Imaging: a Review of Current
... modalities THz imaging is a slow process. The fastest systems boast acquisition rates of thousands of pixels per second while the slowest take several seconds to acquire each pixel. Since sources are expensive, it is usual for an imaging system to employ only one, meaning that the sample or detector ...
... modalities THz imaging is a slow process. The fastest systems boast acquisition rates of thousands of pixels per second while the slowest take several seconds to acquire each pixel. Since sources are expensive, it is usual for an imaging system to employ only one, meaning that the sample or detector ...
Light propagates in the form of waves
... Since light is an electromagnetic wave, light can be described by the same theoretical principles that govern all forms of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation propagates in the form of two coupled vector waves, an electric-field wave and a magnetic-field wave. Although light is des ...
... Since light is an electromagnetic wave, light can be described by the same theoretical principles that govern all forms of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation propagates in the form of two coupled vector waves, an electric-field wave and a magnetic-field wave. Although light is des ...
Theoretical study on Brillouin fiber laser sensor Omer Kotlicki, Jacob Scheuer,
... Figure 4 illustrates a schematic of a superluminal Brillouin ring laser setup. The continuous wave (CW) pump beam is launched into the ring laser via a circulator, thus ensuring it would not resonate within the ring laser. For the Brillouin amplification, which occurs for a probe in the opposite dir ...
... Figure 4 illustrates a schematic of a superluminal Brillouin ring laser setup. The continuous wave (CW) pump beam is launched into the ring laser via a circulator, thus ensuring it would not resonate within the ring laser. For the Brillouin amplification, which occurs for a probe in the opposite dir ...
Fabrication of functional surfaces using ultrashort laser pulse ablation
... silicon have been studied by A.Y. Vorobyev and C. Guo [20–24] and also other groups [25, 26]. All of these methods are based on structures which are randomly formed, although they have certain characteristic shapes and feature sizes. Generation of high absorption surfaces have been studied by the au ...
... silicon have been studied by A.Y. Vorobyev and C. Guo [20–24] and also other groups [25, 26]. All of these methods are based on structures which are randomly formed, although they have certain characteristic shapes and feature sizes. Generation of high absorption surfaces have been studied by the au ...
Confocal microscopy
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of adding a spatial pinhole placed at the confocal plane of the lens to eliminate out-of-focus light. It enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures from the obtained images. This technique has gained popularity in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.