Principles, Instrumentation, and Applications of Infrared Multispectral
... Infrared Focal Plane Arrays In principle, it is possible to record multispectral images with single-point detectors (by translating the sample in the X and Y directions). However, array detectors that can simultaneously measure light with multiple detector elements are often required, as they can si ...
... Infrared Focal Plane Arrays In principle, it is possible to record multispectral images with single-point detectors (by translating the sample in the X and Y directions). However, array detectors that can simultaneously measure light with multiple detector elements are often required, as they can si ...
Wavefront Aberrations
... Correction: combinations of lenses that exhibit barrel and pincushion distortion II. Ray Picture of Seidel Aberrations One approach to understanding the source of the Seidel aberrations is by considering rays of light incident on a lens surface. As described earlier, these aberrations occur because ...
... Correction: combinations of lenses that exhibit barrel and pincushion distortion II. Ray Picture of Seidel Aberrations One approach to understanding the source of the Seidel aberrations is by considering rays of light incident on a lens surface. As described earlier, these aberrations occur because ...
Mach Zehnder Interferometer and its Applications
... the core produce an interference pattern thus producing a very effective in-line MZI. This MZI has the same physical path length in both sensing and reference arms but has different optical path lengths because of modal dispersion as the beam passing through cladding experiences refractive index whi ...
... the core produce an interference pattern thus producing a very effective in-line MZI. This MZI has the same physical path length in both sensing and reference arms but has different optical path lengths because of modal dispersion as the beam passing through cladding experiences refractive index whi ...
A Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms
... In the last few years, another technological development has given a fundamentally different view on the physical phenomena: While so far almost all experiments relied on the indirect observation of physical properties, so-called quantum gas microscopes made it possible to image single bosonic atoms ...
... In the last few years, another technological development has given a fundamentally different view on the physical phenomena: While so far almost all experiments relied on the indirect observation of physical properties, so-called quantum gas microscopes made it possible to image single bosonic atoms ...
J Comp Physiol A (1993) 173:143-149
... (Fig. 3, upper inset and upper curve). In the region of the microvillar zone, 15 µm behind the lens, stripes parallel to the long axis of the body were transmitted down to a spatial wavelength averaging 56°. With patterns rotated by 90°, the (extrapolated) limiting value was ca. 135° spatial wavelen ...
... (Fig. 3, upper inset and upper curve). In the region of the microvillar zone, 15 µm behind the lens, stripes parallel to the long axis of the body were transmitted down to a spatial wavelength averaging 56°. With patterns rotated by 90°, the (extrapolated) limiting value was ca. 135° spatial wavelen ...
Method and apparatus for gas discharge laser output light
... suring the bandWidths of an output laser beam comprising output laser light in the range of beloW 500 femtometers at accuracies Within tens of femtometers. The homogeniZer may comprise a rotating diffuser Which may be a ground glass diffuser Which may also be etched. The Wavemeter may also comprise ...
... suring the bandWidths of an output laser beam comprising output laser light in the range of beloW 500 femtometers at accuracies Within tens of femtometers. The homogeniZer may comprise a rotating diffuser Which may be a ground glass diffuser Which may also be etched. The Wavemeter may also comprise ...
Option C – Imaging
... The eye contains a lens that helps to focus the light. Manufactured lenses made of transparent materials (such as glass or plastic) use the effect shown in Figure 15.3 to focus light and form images. This usually involves light travelling from an object through air and then through a transparent len ...
... The eye contains a lens that helps to focus the light. Manufactured lenses made of transparent materials (such as glass or plastic) use the effect shown in Figure 15.3 to focus light and form images. This usually involves light travelling from an object through air and then through a transparent len ...
Optical Metrology vs SEM. Range, Accuracy, Repeatability
... offset from SEM measurements, which appear to be due to edge diffraction. These offsets decrease with a decrease in λ, and they decrease with increased NA. Thus it is necessary to determine and include that offset when comparing SEM measurements with Flux-Area measurements. Determining the offset is ...
... offset from SEM measurements, which appear to be due to edge diffraction. These offsets decrease with a decrease in λ, and they decrease with increased NA. Thus it is necessary to determine and include that offset when comparing SEM measurements with Flux-Area measurements. Determining the offset is ...
A correlation of thin lens approximation to thick
... in the optical system. As seen in Eqs. (2.a) and (2.b), the spherical aberration and coma of the lens depend on CSF’s and CPF’s. On the other hand, the coefficients of astigmatism and field curvature which are represented by Eqs. (2.c) and (2.d) do not depend on CSF’s and CPF’s for the exit pupil at ...
... in the optical system. As seen in Eqs. (2.a) and (2.b), the spherical aberration and coma of the lens depend on CSF’s and CPF’s. On the other hand, the coefficients of astigmatism and field curvature which are represented by Eqs. (2.c) and (2.d) do not depend on CSF’s and CPF’s for the exit pupil at ...
Quantitative determination of chromophore concentrations from 2D
... expressing p0 in terms of its spatial frequency components and using an exact time propagator to calculate the field at different times following the absorption of the laser pulse. The acoustic pressure, p, at position r0 at time t is expressed as ...
... expressing p0 in terms of its spatial frequency components and using an exact time propagator to calculate the field at different times following the absorption of the laser pulse. The acoustic pressure, p, at position r0 at time t is expressed as ...
High-performance holographic technologies for fluid
... novel approaches for flow visualization and for the measurement of turbulent flow quantities. As in all natural processes, turbulent transport obeys laws of conservation of mass, momentum (angular momentum, if applicable) and energy (Landau & Lifshitz 1987a,b). In the description of canonical Kolmogor ...
... novel approaches for flow visualization and for the measurement of turbulent flow quantities. As in all natural processes, turbulent transport obeys laws of conservation of mass, momentum (angular momentum, if applicable) and energy (Landau & Lifshitz 1987a,b). In the description of canonical Kolmogor ...
workshop on laser-matter interaction 2010
... selected for oral sessions and 16 for the poster session. The sessions have been organized into three 30 minutes tutorials, forty one 20 minutes talks and sixteen posters. We tried to mostly follow the participants’ wishes, but we were also concerned with keeping a certain coherence between all the ...
... selected for oral sessions and 16 for the poster session. The sessions have been organized into three 30 minutes tutorials, forty one 20 minutes talks and sixteen posters. We tried to mostly follow the participants’ wishes, but we were also concerned with keeping a certain coherence between all the ...
labs for the photon/photon2 experiment kit
... 1. Look through the grating at each of the light sources EXCEPT the laser. To see the spectrum, look through the grating to either side of the light source. Note that more than one complete spectrum pattern may be visible. Focus on one of these patterns and record how many colors are visible. Descri ...
... 1. Look through the grating at each of the light sources EXCEPT the laser. To see the spectrum, look through the grating to either side of the light source. Note that more than one complete spectrum pattern may be visible. Focus on one of these patterns and record how many colors are visible. Descri ...
Analysis of optical interferometric displacement detection in nanoelectromechanical systems
... is a clear need to quantitatively understand the effects of such diffraction phenomena upon the sensitivity of nanoscale displacement detection. Detailed theoretical models20,21 have been developed to elucidate the displacement sensitivity of optical interferometry—albeit on objects with cross secti ...
... is a clear need to quantitatively understand the effects of such diffraction phenomena upon the sensitivity of nanoscale displacement detection. Detailed theoretical models20,21 have been developed to elucidate the displacement sensitivity of optical interferometry—albeit on objects with cross secti ...
Construction of a Calcium Matter-Wave Interferometer
... wave function was nonetheless split and recombined. The first true separated beam atom interferometer was published in 1991 by Carnal and Mlynek, who used narrow slits to split and recombine metastable helium atoms [8]. This was followed almost immediately by Pritchard, who used micro-fabricated dif ...
... wave function was nonetheless split and recombined. The first true separated beam atom interferometer was published in 1991 by Carnal and Mlynek, who used narrow slits to split and recombine metastable helium atoms [8]. This was followed almost immediately by Pritchard, who used micro-fabricated dif ...
Fourier-domain holography in photorefractive quantum-well films
... path5,6 and have used low-coherence light.7,8 Holographic OCI has also produced the first depth-resolved images inside living tissue.9 However, the current generation of PRQW devices has fabrication-related defects that limit the sensitivity and dynamic range of photorefractive holography because of ...
... path5,6 and have used low-coherence light.7,8 Holographic OCI has also produced the first depth-resolved images inside living tissue.9 However, the current generation of PRQW devices has fabrication-related defects that limit the sensitivity and dynamic range of photorefractive holography because of ...
Multimode or Single-Mode Optical Fiber
... OM1 multimode optical fiber is virtually obsolete and is relegated for use with extensions or repairs of legacy, low bandwidth systems. 62.5 µm OM1 fiber supports only 33 meters at 10G, and is not even recognized as an option for faster speeds. 50 µm multimode optical fibers were first deployed in t ...
... OM1 multimode optical fiber is virtually obsolete and is relegated for use with extensions or repairs of legacy, low bandwidth systems. 62.5 µm OM1 fiber supports only 33 meters at 10G, and is not even recognized as an option for faster speeds. 50 µm multimode optical fibers were first deployed in t ...
Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications
... When an acoustic wave propagates in an optically transparent medium, it produces a periodic modulation of the index of refraction via the elasto-optical effect. This provides a moving phase grating which may diffract portions of an incident light into one or more directions. This phenomenon, known a ...
... When an acoustic wave propagates in an optically transparent medium, it produces a periodic modulation of the index of refraction via the elasto-optical effect. This provides a moving phase grating which may diffract portions of an incident light into one or more directions. This phenomenon, known a ...
Fraunhofer Diffraction
... • If the curvature of the optical waves must be taken into account at the aperture or image plane, then we must use Fresnel (near-field) diffraction theory. • The Huygens-Fresnel principle is used in diffraction theory, in that every point of a given wavefront of light can be considered as a source ...
... • If the curvature of the optical waves must be taken into account at the aperture or image plane, then we must use Fresnel (near-field) diffraction theory. • The Huygens-Fresnel principle is used in diffraction theory, in that every point of a given wavefront of light can be considered as a source ...
Matlab Laser Toolbox User Manual
... Far-field divergence angle [rad] of the beam, double Beam propagation ratio (quality) M2, double Coefficients of 2nd order polynomial describing beam diameter propagation, vector of 3 doubles Diameter of waist/focus in xz-plane, double Location of waist/focus in xz-plane, double Rayleigh length of b ...
... Far-field divergence angle [rad] of the beam, double Beam propagation ratio (quality) M2, double Coefficients of 2nd order polynomial describing beam diameter propagation, vector of 3 doubles Diameter of waist/focus in xz-plane, double Location of waist/focus in xz-plane, double Rayleigh length of b ...
An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments
... In a generic interferometer, some mechanism coherently splits the waves to send them down different paths. For example, in a light interferometer this can be done with a diffraction grating or a 50/50 beamsplitter. As mentioned above, atoms can be diffracted off a grating. One very early example of ...
... In a generic interferometer, some mechanism coherently splits the waves to send them down different paths. For example, in a light interferometer this can be done with a diffraction grating or a 50/50 beamsplitter. As mentioned above, atoms can be diffracted off a grating. One very early example of ...
Portable Ultrafast Blue Light Sources Designed With Frequency
... by very narrow spectral acceptance bandwidths ( 1 nm), aperiodically poled structures (characterized by a linear gradient in grating period) have the advantage of providing sufficiently broad spectral acceptance bandwidths to utilize more of the spectrum associated with picosecond [22] and femtoseco ...
... by very narrow spectral acceptance bandwidths ( 1 nm), aperiodically poled structures (characterized by a linear gradient in grating period) have the advantage of providing sufficiently broad spectral acceptance bandwidths to utilize more of the spectrum associated with picosecond [22] and femtoseco ...
guide to thin section microscopy - Mineralogical Society of America
... Example: If an object is placed at a distance of 33 mm in front of a biconvex lens with a focal length of 30 mm, the lens will produce a 10-times magnified image (M = 10:1) at a distance of 330 mm behind the lens. The human eye can modify the focal length by changing the curvature of its lens such t ...
... Example: If an object is placed at a distance of 33 mm in front of a biconvex lens with a focal length of 30 mm, the lens will produce a 10-times magnified image (M = 10:1) at a distance of 330 mm behind the lens. The human eye can modify the focal length by changing the curvature of its lens such t ...
Thunderbolt Controller
... increase, optical communication and networking technologies have been moving from their telecom origin into the enterprise and Thunderbolt is one of its successful outcome. It is basically a new high-speed optical cable technology designed to connect electronic devices to each other. It also support ...
... increase, optical communication and networking technologies have been moving from their telecom origin into the enterprise and Thunderbolt is one of its successful outcome. It is basically a new high-speed optical cable technology designed to connect electronic devices to each other. It also support ...
Confocal microscopy
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of adding a spatial pinhole placed at the confocal plane of the lens to eliminate out-of-focus light. It enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures from the obtained images. This technique has gained popularity in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.