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The cosmological constant puzzle: vacuum energies from QCD to
The cosmological constant puzzle: vacuum energies from QCD to

...  In the Schwinger model (1+1 Dimensions), Confinement gives way to a Higgs Phase [Gross et al, 1996] “The pure 4D Yang-Mills theory is expected to be confining. In view of what we learned from 1+1 dimensional examples we may wonder, however, whether instead it could be in the screening phase: certa ...
Matrix model formulations of superstring theory
Matrix model formulations of superstring theory

Poster 4 layout 7F PDF
Poster 4 layout 7F PDF

... A prototype of the MINOS target. 4 x 1013 protons, accelerated to 120 GeV, will strike the black graphite fins of the target every 1.9 seconds. Water cooling keeps the target from melting. ...
BASICS OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION THEORY Y. Castin
BASICS OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION THEORY Y. Castin

Particle Classification - Department of Physics, HKU
Particle Classification - Department of Physics, HKU

PARTICLE PHYSICS - STFC home | Science & Technology
PARTICLE PHYSICS - STFC home | Science & Technology

Direct Search of Dark Matter in High
Direct Search of Dark Matter in High

Goals, models, frameworks and the scientific method
Goals, models, frameworks and the scientific method

PP_Cosm_2b
PP_Cosm_2b

The Coulomb Force
The Coulomb Force

particle physics
particle physics

... Instead, they form hadrons - particles that feel the strong interaction • baryons are made up of 3 quarks • mesons are made of one quark and one antiquark particles Oct .2008 Slide 23 ...
MMM-Primorsko_2010 - Indico
MMM-Primorsko_2010 - Indico

Introduction and Theoretical Background
Introduction and Theoretical Background

... and their interactions. In fact, the SU (3) gauge symmetry coupled to the quarks correctly describes the strong interaction, with the eight SU (3) gauge fields associated to the different colored states of the gluon. Gluons have been observed experimentally [6, 7] and interact with quarks as predicted ...
Introduction: what is quantum field theory ?
Introduction: what is quantum field theory ?

PowerPoint file of HBM_part 2
PowerPoint file of HBM_part 2

Contact Charging in Granular Materials
Contact Charging in Granular Materials

... granular streams we observe collide-and-capture events between charged particles and particle-by-particle aggregation into clusters [2]. Size-dependent contact charging is found to produce a variety of charge-stabilized “granular molecules”, whose configurations can be modeled by taking many-body di ...
Phenomenology Beyond the Standard Model
Phenomenology Beyond the Standard Model

High Energy Physics - Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and
High Energy Physics - Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and

Unparticle_Dark_Matter_(GUT07)
Unparticle_Dark_Matter_(GUT07)

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Oct 6

... 4 miles in circumference and housed in a tunnel 30 feet below the ring Accelerators send particles racing around the Tevatron at 99.9999% of the speed of light ...
Historical Perspective
Historical Perspective

ibm_seminar - Stony Brook University
ibm_seminar - Stony Brook University

(1) - Intellectual Archive
(1) - Intellectual Archive

... signals the breakdown of the SM in this region. This conclusion, albeit preliminary, sheds light on the problem of extrapolating field theories in the deep ultraviolet sector, specifically near the Planck scale. As it is well known, General Relativity (GR) is exclusively an “effective” low-energy fr ...
Any crystal that scratches glass is a diamond. Rocks must be heavy
Any crystal that scratches glass is a diamond. Rocks must be heavy

Studies of effective theories beyond the Standard Model
Studies of effective theories beyond the Standard Model

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Grand Unified Theory

A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a model in particle physics in which at high energy, the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model which define the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions or forces, are merged into one single force. This unified interaction is characterized by one larger gauge symmetry and thus several force carriers, but one unified coupling constant. If Grand Unification is realized in nature, there is the possibility of a grand unification epoch in the early universe in which the fundamental forces are not yet distinct.Models that do not unify all interactions using one simple Lie group as the gauge symmetry, but do so using semisimple groups, can exhibit similar properties and are sometimes referred to as Grand Unified Theories as well.Unifying gravity with the other three interactions would provide a theory of everything (TOE), rather than a GUT. Nevertheless, GUTs are often seen as an intermediate step towards a TOE.The novel particles predicted by GUT models are expected to have energies around the GUT scale—just a few orders of magnitude below the Planck scale—and so will be well beyond the reach of any foreseen particle collider experiments. Therefore, the particles predicted by GUT models will be unable to be observed directly and instead the effects of grand unification might be detected through indirect observations such as proton decay, electric dipole moments of elementary particles, or the properties of neutrinos. Some grand unified theories predict the existence of magnetic monopoles.As of 2012, all GUT models which aim to be completely realistic are quite complicated, even compared to the Standard Model, because they need to introduce additional fields and interactions, or even additional dimensions of space. The main reason for this complexity lies in the difficulty of reproducing the observed fermion masses and mixing angles. Due to this difficulty, and due to the lack of any observed effect of grand unification so far, there is no generally accepted GUT model.
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