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E. Rutherford, Phil. Mag. 27, 488 The Structure of the Atom E
E. Rutherford, Phil. Mag. 27, 488 The Structure of the Atom E

... in order to produce an appreciable alteration in the mass due to this cause. This may, for example, be the explanation of the fact that the helium atom has not quite four times the mass of the hydrogen atom. Until,however, the nucleus theory has been more definitely tested, it would appear premature ...
Positron and electron collisions with anti-protons in strong magnetic fields
Positron and electron collisions with anti-protons in strong magnetic fields

... All of the calculations reported in this paper use the Classical Trajectory Monte Carlo method. We solve for the full motion of the particles using the classical Hamilton’s equation in Cartesian coordinates. This is an approximation to the extent that quantum effects are unimportant. We do not have ...
Theory and HPC - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
Theory and HPC - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies

Positronium: Review of symmetry, conserved quantities and decay
Positronium: Review of symmetry, conserved quantities and decay

Quantum phenomena in gravitational field - AEgIS
Quantum phenomena in gravitational field - AEgIS

... In the context of the general relativity theory, universality of a free fall is often referred to as the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP). WEP is being tested with increasing sensitivity for macroscopic bodies. The best test so far confirms WEP to the accuracy of 2×10−13 (using a rotating torsion bal ...
Particle Detectors - Forschungszentrum Jülich
Particle Detectors - Forschungszentrum Jülich

... The wires are arranged in layers that pass through the cylinder at three different angles. The set of wires that give a signal can be used to allow computer reconstruction of the paths (or tracks) of all the charged particles through the chamber. ...
The Structure of the Atom
The Structure of the Atom

Theory of Everything by illusion
Theory of Everything by illusion

Chapter 1. Introduction to Nuclear Physics
Chapter 1. Introduction to Nuclear Physics

The Interstellar Medium - University of St Andrews
The Interstellar Medium - University of St Andrews

... • Rule 2. Survive of the weakest • While in equilibrium, nA/nph ~ expq. (Heavier is rarer) • When the reverse reaction rate A is slower than Hubble expansion rate H(z) , the abundance ratio is frozen NA/Nph ...
pages 451-500 - Light and Matter
pages 451-500 - Light and Matter

... (rhymes with “drool on”), defined as follows: One Coulomb (C) is the amount of charge such that a force of 9.0 × 109 N occurs between two pointlike objects with charges of 1 C separated by a distance of 1 m. The notation for an amount of charge is q. The numerical factor in the definition is histori ...
English (MS Word) - CMS DocDB Server
English (MS Word) - CMS DocDB Server

Trapping of slow-speed particles in a gas cell by the
Trapping of slow-speed particles in a gas cell by the

... electromagnetic field increasing with time (up to the definite moment). It is obvious, that such a trapping will not be possible for comparatively fast particles, which fly between cell walls overcoming the potential well (1). Therefore now we determine the maximum velocity ( ) of particles departin ...
Radiation of an Electric Charge in a Screened Magnetic Monopole Potential Abstract
Radiation of an Electric Charge in a Screened Magnetic Monopole Potential Abstract

Monday, Feb. 14, 2005
Monday, Feb. 14, 2005

Deuterium Nucleus Confirms Proton Radius Puzzle
Deuterium Nucleus Confirms Proton Radius Puzzle

Particle Accelerators
Particle Accelerators

Textbook - Chapter 17 File
Textbook - Chapter 17 File

Decoherence in Excited Atoms by Low-Energy Scattering
Decoherence in Excited Atoms by Low-Energy Scattering

Interactions of Particles in Matter
Interactions of Particles in Matter

... and particles will, on average, scatter over a very large angle in one radiation length. After one radiation length the information about the original direction is essentially lost. However, alpha particles or protons of a few MeV have a range that is only a very small fraction of the radiation leng ...
Résultats récents du RHIC
Résultats récents du RHIC



... is divergence free. This theorem is one important reason for introducing the Hamiltonian formalism, for it permits a geometric interpretation of classical mechanics and is crucial for ergodic theory and statistical mechanics. The analogue in quantum mechanics turns out to be that quantum mechanical ...
The stability of matter in quantum mechanics, by Elliott H. Lieb and
The stability of matter in quantum mechanics, by Elliott H. Lieb and

... macroscopic systems. Individual atoms or molecules are relatively small systems with a few degrees of freedom. Macroscopic matter, however consists of an enormous amount of atoms, i.e., it is made out of a macroscopic number of nuclei and electrons. As an example one gram of hydrogen consists of app ...
High Energy Elastic Scattering of Electrons on Protons
High Energy Elastic Scattering of Electrons on Protons

Triad Helium Nucleus
Triad Helium Nucleus

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Antimatter

In particle physics, antimatter is material composed of antiparticles, which have the same mass as particles of ordinary matter but opposite charges, as well as other particle properties such as lepton and baryon numbers and quantum spin. Collisions between particles and antiparticles lead to the annihilation of both, giving rise to variable proportions of intense photons (gamma rays), neutrinos, and less massive particle–antiparticle pairs. The total consequence of annihilation is a release of energy available for work, proportional to the total matter and antimatter mass, in accord with the mass–energy equivalence equation, E = mc2.Antiparticles bind with each other to form antimatter, just as ordinary particles bind to form normal matter. For example, a positron (the antiparticle of the electron) and an antiproton (the antiparticle of the proton) can form an antihydrogen atom. Physical principles indicate that complex antimatter atomic nuclei are possible, as well as anti-atoms corresponding to the known chemical elements. Studies of cosmic rays have identified both positrons and antiprotons, presumably produced by collisions between particles of ordinary matter. Satellite-based searches of cosmic rays for antideuteron and antihelium particles have yielded nothing. There is considerable speculation as to why the observable universe is composed almost entirely of ordinary matter, as opposed to a more even mixture of matter and antimatter. This asymmetry of matter and antimatter in the visible universe is one of the great unsolved problems in physics. The process by which this inequality between particles and antiparticles developed is called baryogenesis.Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms is one of the most difficult materials to produce. Antimatter in the form of individual anti-particles, however, is commonly produced by particle accelerators and in some types of radioactive decay. The nuclei of antihelium (both helium-3 and helium-4) have been artificially produced with difficulty. These are the most complex anti-nuclei so far observed.
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