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Fungus Among Us.AM.indd
Fungus Among Us.AM.indd

... Fungi obtain their food by releasing chemicals called enzymes into their surroundings. The enzymes cause complex molecules around the fungi to break down into simpler chemical nutrients. The fungi then absorb the nutrients through long, threadlike cells called hyphae. Another thing that most fungi h ...
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... reacting with water •The do not produce OH- ions either, but in soils with pH>8.5, there are higher concentrations of carbonate and bicarbonate anions (due to dissolution of certain minerals) CaCO3  Ca2+ + CO32or CO32- + H2O  HCO3- + OHHCO3- + H2O  H2CO3 + OHH2CO3  H2O + CO2(gas) ...
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... lead to liver fa i l u re and even death.The bodies of these fungi remain hidden underground with their hyphae growing outward in search of food. In France, one club fungus is known to be 600 meters in diameter and is thought to be 700 years old. Hyphae spread far and wide in order to hunt for food. ...
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... turf. The next season showed a loss of less than one per cent. Labor is also usually more available at this season than in the spring when help is in much demand to compete with the on-rushing growth of vegetation which is characteristic of our northern clime. It is always well to keep in mind the f ...
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Arbuscular mycorrhiza



An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (plural mycorrhizae or mycorrhizas, a.k.a. endomycorrhiza, AM fungi, or AMF) is a type of mycorrhiza in which the fungus penetrates the cortical cells of the roots of a vascular plant. (Not to be confused with ectomycorrhiza or ericoid mycorrhiza.)Arbuscular mycorrhizas are characterized by the formation of unique structures, arbuscules and vesicles by fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota. AM fungi help plants to capture nutrients such as phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen and micronutrients from the soil. It is believed that the development of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis played a crucial role in the initial colonisation of land by plants and in the evolution of the vascular plants.It has been said that it is quicker to list the plants that do not form mycorrhizae than those that do. This symbiosis is a highly evolved mutualistic relationship found between fungi and plants, the most prevalent plant symbiosis known, and AM is found in 80% of vascular plant families in existence today.The tremendous advances in research on mycorrhizal physiology and ecology over the past 40 years have led to a greater understanding of the multiple roles of AMF in the ecosystem. This knowledge is applicable to human endeavors of ecosystem management, ecosystem restoration, and agriculture.
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