Tapered Fiber Fabrication
... intensity will cause the refractive index to become nonlinear, leading to selfmodulation and four-wave mixing. These processes lead to a broadening of the optical spectrum of the light that was launched into the fiber taper. Broadening by as much as an octave in a process known as supercontinuum gen ...
... intensity will cause the refractive index to become nonlinear, leading to selfmodulation and four-wave mixing. These processes lead to a broadening of the optical spectrum of the light that was launched into the fiber taper. Broadening by as much as an octave in a process known as supercontinuum gen ...
CHAPTER 4 REFLECTED LIGHT OPTICS
... Those materials through which monochromatic light travels at the same speed, regardless of the direction oflight vibration relative to the medium, are optically isotropic. A vacuum, all gases , most liquids, glasses, and cubic (isometric) crystalline substances are isotropic; other materials (chiefl ...
... Those materials through which monochromatic light travels at the same speed, regardless of the direction oflight vibration relative to the medium, are optically isotropic. A vacuum, all gases , most liquids, glasses, and cubic (isometric) crystalline substances are isotropic; other materials (chiefl ...
Analysis of optical interferometric displacement detection in nanoelectromechanical systems
... U共t兲 from its equilibrium position. For simplicity, we shall assume that the resonator is driven at a single frequency close to its resonance frequency 0, i.e., U共t兲 = ueit. Most commonly,6,15,17,19,30 NEMS beams are fabricated in silicon-on-insulator 共SOI兲 heterostructures with metallization la ...
... U共t兲 from its equilibrium position. For simplicity, we shall assume that the resonator is driven at a single frequency close to its resonance frequency 0, i.e., U共t兲 = ueit. Most commonly,6,15,17,19,30 NEMS beams are fabricated in silicon-on-insulator 共SOI兲 heterostructures with metallization la ...
Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens
... The cell gap and substrate thickness are 15 μm and 1.1 mm, respectively. The substrates are rubbed in anti-parallel directions. A chromium photomask having hole-array apertures is placed on the top a substrate. The diameter of each hole is 25 μm. When the UV beam (λ = 365 nm) passes through the hole ...
... The cell gap and substrate thickness are 15 μm and 1.1 mm, respectively. The substrates are rubbed in anti-parallel directions. A chromium photomask having hole-array apertures is placed on the top a substrate. The diameter of each hole is 25 μm. When the UV beam (λ = 365 nm) passes through the hole ...
The effect of detector size on the signal-to
... extinction coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of the intensity of the light transmitted between parallel polars to that transmitted when the polars are crossed (Pluta, 1993), is typically restricted to 103 in a conventional microscope whereas values as high at 1·4 × 105 have been obtained in ...
... extinction coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of the intensity of the light transmitted between parallel polars to that transmitted when the polars are crossed (Pluta, 1993), is typically restricted to 103 in a conventional microscope whereas values as high at 1·4 × 105 have been obtained in ...
Polarized Light
... • If a linear polarizer is rotated and the transmission goes to zero at some angle, then input is linearly polarized, DONE. • If no there is no variation with polarizer rotation, light is circularly polarized, unpolarized, or a mixture of these – to distinguish between these, put in λ/4 plate before ...
... • If a linear polarizer is rotated and the transmission goes to zero at some angle, then input is linearly polarized, DONE. • If no there is no variation with polarizer rotation, light is circularly polarized, unpolarized, or a mixture of these – to distinguish between these, put in λ/4 plate before ...
Holography
... diffraction orders, namely the image, the conjugated image, and the illumination wave, are spatially separated. This has the advantage that also holograms of opaque objects can be produced since the reference wave is not obstructed by the object. In principle, a single beam or a multiple beam techni ...
... diffraction orders, namely the image, the conjugated image, and the illumination wave, are spatially separated. This has the advantage that also holograms of opaque objects can be produced since the reference wave is not obstructed by the object. In principle, a single beam or a multiple beam techni ...
The NAD 3100 series of three-fiber optical multiplexers are used to
... The HWM 1100A series of DWDM optical passives are used to implement Harmonic's DWDM solutions. Due to their exceptional flatness and performance, these multiplexers can be used to either multiplex or demultiplex a set of wavelengths on the ITU Grid. This allows the operator to reduce the number of s ...
... The HWM 1100A series of DWDM optical passives are used to implement Harmonic's DWDM solutions. Due to their exceptional flatness and performance, these multiplexers can be used to either multiplex or demultiplex a set of wavelengths on the ITU Grid. This allows the operator to reduce the number of s ...
Theory of the unstable Bessel resonator
... the spherical wave front at the output mirror, and kt = k sin 0 is the transverse wave number. In the limit of a flat output coupler 共R → ⬁兲, Bessel–Gauss modes reduce to Bessel beams Jl共kt兲exp共il兲. In real resonators the finite extent of the mirrors slightly modifies the transverse shape of the ...
... the spherical wave front at the output mirror, and kt = k sin 0 is the transverse wave number. In the limit of a flat output coupler 共R → ⬁兲, Bessel–Gauss modes reduce to Bessel beams Jl共kt兲exp共il兲. In real resonators the finite extent of the mirrors slightly modifies the transverse shape of the ...
X-rays as a branch of optics A C Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1927
... 1910, one defending the idea that X-rays are waves like light, the other that they consist of streams of little bullets called "neutrons" It is a debate on which the last word has not yet been said! ...
... 1910, one defending the idea that X-rays are waves like light, the other that they consist of streams of little bullets called "neutrons" It is a debate on which the last word has not yet been said! ...
IR3215521556
... into the end layer that its refractive index is n s [12]. We assume that all layers are isotropic and nonmagnetic and have the same properties or characteristic along all axis and incidence angle is zero. We suppose that the thickness of the end layer is very larger than the previous layers so that ...
... into the end layer that its refractive index is n s [12]. We assume that all layers are isotropic and nonmagnetic and have the same properties or characteristic along all axis and incidence angle is zero. We suppose that the thickness of the end layer is very larger than the previous layers so that ...
Construction Of Multiple-beam Optical Traps
... on trapped particles are in the piconewton (pN) range. For small displacements from the center of an optical trap, the restoring force is proportional to displacement, which means that optical tweezers acts like a Hookeian spring, characterized by a fixed stiffness. In most of our experiments, we ar ...
... on trapped particles are in the piconewton (pN) range. For small displacements from the center of an optical trap, the restoring force is proportional to displacement, which means that optical tweezers acts like a Hookeian spring, characterized by a fixed stiffness. In most of our experiments, we ar ...
Stellar Aberration and the Fizeau Experiment
... where became a function to be determined that would, by necessity, quantitatively lead to the null result. When modeling velocities, Fresnel had to take into consideration that all velocities are relative and must be designated with respect to a reference frame that can be operationally defined as ...
... where became a function to be determined that would, by necessity, quantitatively lead to the null result. When modeling velocities, Fresnel had to take into consideration that all velocities are relative and must be designated with respect to a reference frame that can be operationally defined as ...
Wave Refraction in Negative-Index Media: Always Positive
... can tunnel through only finite, optically small NIM devices such as those used in experiments [3,4] so far. Such tunneling is not well represented by geometrical ray optics. For calculating the wave tunneling, both decaying and growing exponentials must be used inside the finite-width slab. Note tha ...
... can tunnel through only finite, optically small NIM devices such as those used in experiments [3,4] so far. Such tunneling is not well represented by geometrical ray optics. For calculating the wave tunneling, both decaying and growing exponentials must be used inside the finite-width slab. Note tha ...
Graded Index Fiber
... throughout the length of the fiber without large energy transfers to adjacent modes, even when the fiber is exceptionally good quality and is not strained or bent by its surroundings. This mode conversion is known as mode coupling or mixing. Mode coupling analyzed using coupled mode equations from ...
... throughout the length of the fiber without large energy transfers to adjacent modes, even when the fiber is exceptionally good quality and is not strained or bent by its surroundings. This mode conversion is known as mode coupling or mixing. Mode coupling analyzed using coupled mode equations from ...
Fiber Waveguide
... Modal dispersion is much smaller in graded-index fibers than in step-index fibers since the group velocities are equalized and the differences between the delay times of the modes are reduced. It is easy to understand qualitatively. Similar to the case of step-index fibers, the path is longer for mo ...
... Modal dispersion is much smaller in graded-index fibers than in step-index fibers since the group velocities are equalized and the differences between the delay times of the modes are reduced. It is easy to understand qualitatively. Similar to the case of step-index fibers, the path is longer for mo ...
Optical aberration
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An optical aberration is a departure of the performance of an optical system from the predictions of paraxial optics. In an imaging system, it occurs when light from one point of an object does not converge into (or does not diverge from) a single point after transmission through the system. Aberrations occur because the simple paraxial theory is not a completely accurate model of the effect of an optical system on light, rather than due to flaws in the optical elements.Aberration leads to blurring of the image produced by an image-forming optical system. Makers of optical instruments need to correct optical systems to compensate for aberration.The articles on reflection, refraction and caustics discuss the general features of reflected and refracted rays.