Conjugated gammadion chiral metamaterial with uniaxial optical
... wave (RCP/LCP). Natural chiral materials have very weak chirality (e.g., for quartz, κ 5 × 10−5 at λ = 400 nm). Five orders of magnitude stronger chirality can be realized by chiral metamaterials made with subwavelength resonators. Chiral metamaterials recently attracted much interest because of s ...
... wave (RCP/LCP). Natural chiral materials have very weak chirality (e.g., for quartz, κ 5 × 10−5 at λ = 400 nm). Five orders of magnitude stronger chirality can be realized by chiral metamaterials made with subwavelength resonators. Chiral metamaterials recently attracted much interest because of s ...
Quantitative evaluation of light microscopes based on image
... The characterization of the electro-optical system by means of measuring the OTF (λ) requires near-monochromatic light. For this purpose four narrow-bandpass interference filters are used, each with a bandwidth of 10 nm. The center wavelengths of these filters are 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, and 700 nm ...
... The characterization of the electro-optical system by means of measuring the OTF (λ) requires near-monochromatic light. For this purpose four narrow-bandpass interference filters are used, each with a bandwidth of 10 nm. The center wavelengths of these filters are 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, and 700 nm ...
Electromagnetic Boundary Conditions
... Brewster angle windows allow loss-less laser beam exit from a lasing medium into air (for proper polarization), where adjustment of the reflecting cavity mirrors is easy. Where μ1 ≠ μ2, there can be a Brewster's angle situation for both incident polarizations. In this case the numerator can be zero ...
... Brewster angle windows allow loss-less laser beam exit from a lasing medium into air (for proper polarization), where adjustment of the reflecting cavity mirrors is easy. Where μ1 ≠ μ2, there can be a Brewster's angle situation for both incident polarizations. In this case the numerator can be zero ...
Superluminal group velocity in an anisotropic metamaterial
... While negative refraction is most easily visualized in an isotropic metamaterial, negative refraction can also be realized in anisotropic metamaterial (AMM), which does not necessarily require that all tensor elements of ε and µ have negative values [9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. Recently, Smith et al. have s ...
... While negative refraction is most easily visualized in an isotropic metamaterial, negative refraction can also be realized in anisotropic metamaterial (AMM), which does not necessarily require that all tensor elements of ε and µ have negative values [9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. Recently, Smith et al. have s ...
Laser III - Universiti Sains Malaysia
... doped n) and holes (from degenerately doped p) will be injected across the junction to create population inversion. The population inversion is created in a region called active region. Radiative transition may occur resulted in stimulated emission when the photon is absorbed by the electrons in the ...
... doped n) and holes (from degenerately doped p) will be injected across the junction to create population inversion. The population inversion is created in a region called active region. Radiative transition may occur resulted in stimulated emission when the photon is absorbed by the electrons in the ...
HOLO TEXT
... The principle of reversibility is important to understand because it accounts for some optical phenomena that may plague the holographer. The phenomena in question is referred to as "TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION" and occurs when a beam of light moving from a dense material into a less dense material i ...
... The principle of reversibility is important to understand because it accounts for some optical phenomena that may plague the holographer. The phenomena in question is referred to as "TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION" and occurs when a beam of light moving from a dense material into a less dense material i ...
Coupling Ratio and Power Transmission to Core and Cladding
... The fusion process will change the structures and geometries of coupled fibers at the coupling region. These changes are complicated as the refractive indices and fiber geometries are made uncertain due to the slightly unstable torch flame and coupling ratio effect [5,6]. However, they tend to decr ...
... The fusion process will change the structures and geometries of coupled fibers at the coupling region. These changes are complicated as the refractive indices and fiber geometries are made uncertain due to the slightly unstable torch flame and coupling ratio effect [5,6]. However, they tend to decr ...
Nonlinear Behavior and Damage of Dispersive Multilayer
... FTL due to the accumulation of the wavelength dependent group delay (GD). In order to restore the original pulse width, one needs to introduce the equal amount of dispersion of the opposite sign. This procedure is called ”compression”. Historically, there are several techniques for performing the re ...
... FTL due to the accumulation of the wavelength dependent group delay (GD). In order to restore the original pulse width, one needs to introduce the equal amount of dispersion of the opposite sign. This procedure is called ”compression”. Historically, there are several techniques for performing the re ...
Focus Variation – a Robust Technology for High
... and high aspect ratio measurements. White light interferometry for example, has been found to produce erroneous results for roughness measurements of periodic standards with Ra values between 50 and 300 nm [7]. Another report shows jumps or spikes of half the mean wavelength, which is reported more ...
... and high aspect ratio measurements. White light interferometry for example, has been found to produce erroneous results for roughness measurements of periodic standards with Ra values between 50 and 300 nm [7]. Another report shows jumps or spikes of half the mean wavelength, which is reported more ...
View/Open - Dora.dmu.ac.uk
... transmission hologram in a box recorded by Gary Cullen3. The ruby laser first created by Maiman is a masterpiece and it is one of the most extraordinary inventions ever. The invention of laser has changed the world in many different field of science since then. It is evident that such an object is i ...
... transmission hologram in a box recorded by Gary Cullen3. The ruby laser first created by Maiman is a masterpiece and it is one of the most extraordinary inventions ever. The invention of laser has changed the world in many different field of science since then. It is evident that such an object is i ...
Full-angle Negative Reflection with An Ultrathin Acoustic
... generalized Snell’s law. Furthermore, the generalized Snell’s law only permits the negative reflection within a limited incident angle illumination, which is different from the full-angle negative reflection illustrated in Figure 1(b). However, the negative reflection occurring beyond the critical a ...
... generalized Snell’s law. Furthermore, the generalized Snell’s law only permits the negative reflection within a limited incident angle illumination, which is different from the full-angle negative reflection illustrated in Figure 1(b). However, the negative reflection occurring beyond the critical a ...
A Brief History of the Microscope and its Significance
... difference between any two points is constant with time. Examples of spatially coherent light sources are lasers and arc lamps with a small aperture that acts as a spatial filter. There is another important term: temporal coherence. A laser with a single frequency (actually a very narrow range of fr ...
... difference between any two points is constant with time. Examples of spatially coherent light sources are lasers and arc lamps with a small aperture that acts as a spatial filter. There is another important term: temporal coherence. A laser with a single frequency (actually a very narrow range of fr ...
BioE 123 Teaching Material Stanford University
... shorter wavelengths lead to higher resolution. Thus, according to the formula above we can increase resolution by using either shorter wavelengths of light that are coming into the glass (λvacuum) or increase the refractive index of the glass material (nglass) to make λglass smaller (and thus achiev ...
... shorter wavelengths lead to higher resolution. Thus, according to the formula above we can increase resolution by using either shorter wavelengths of light that are coming into the glass (λvacuum) or increase the refractive index of the glass material (nglass) to make λglass smaller (and thus achiev ...
the fresnel diffraction: a story of light and darkness
... When λzm2 is equal to an integer number k, the amplitude is purely real and equal to 1 ± cos(2πmx). When λzm2 = 1/2 + k, the amplitude modulation is an imaginary term, and Uz 1 ± i cos(2πmx). For very small, the wavefront is then almost a pure phase factor of uniform amplitude. It can be repr ...
... When λzm2 is equal to an integer number k, the amplitude is purely real and equal to 1 ± cos(2πmx). When λzm2 = 1/2 + k, the amplitude modulation is an imaginary term, and Uz 1 ± i cos(2πmx). For very small, the wavefront is then almost a pure phase factor of uniform amplitude. It can be repr ...
OSLER.PDF
... arrivals that are of interest. Their amplitude was reduced by creating a directional source, with the main lobe pointed at the seabed, by time delaying and phase inverting the output from the upper projector such that cancellation occurs above the transducers and reinforcement occurs below (Fig. 2). ...
... arrivals that are of interest. Their amplitude was reduced by creating a directional source, with the main lobe pointed at the seabed, by time delaying and phase inverting the output from the upper projector such that cancellation occurs above the transducers and reinforcement occurs below (Fig. 2). ...
Diffractive optical element and optical pickup apparatus
... light beam of the ?rst Wavelength k1 nor the light beam of the third Wavelength k3 but diffracts the light beam of the second Wavelength k2, and a second diffractive surface that neither diffracts the light beam of the ?rst Wavelength k1 nor the light beam of the second Wavelength k2 but diffracts t ...
... light beam of the ?rst Wavelength k1 nor the light beam of the third Wavelength k3 but diffracts the light beam of the second Wavelength k2, and a second diffractive surface that neither diffracts the light beam of the ?rst Wavelength k1 nor the light beam of the second Wavelength k2 but diffracts t ...
Lecture Note No. 3 Reflection and Refraction (Sections 4.3 to 4.8)
... y =1/ is called the skin depth through which the light intensity drops to 1/3 (~1/e = 1/2.7) of the incident beam intensity (extremely thin in the order of nm for most metals) *Since metal has abundant free electrons ( o k e / m e 0 with k e 0 and 0 ), the expression of refractive ind ...
... y =1/ is called the skin depth through which the light intensity drops to 1/3 (~1/e = 1/2.7) of the incident beam intensity (extremely thin in the order of nm for most metals) *Since metal has abundant free electrons ( o k e / m e 0 with k e 0 and 0 ), the expression of refractive ind ...
Sample Pages
... sophisticated changes during propagation. The figure below shows an example for a multimode fiber (p. 14). ...
... sophisticated changes during propagation. The figure below shows an example for a multimode fiber (p. 14). ...
2 Pulsed Optics
... Optics is the field of physics which comprises knowledge on the interaction between light and matter. When the superposition principle can be applied to electromagnetic waves or when the properties of matter do not depend on the intensity of light, one speaks of linear optics. This situation occurs w ...
... Optics is the field of physics which comprises knowledge on the interaction between light and matter. When the superposition principle can be applied to electromagnetic waves or when the properties of matter do not depend on the intensity of light, one speaks of linear optics. This situation occurs w ...
Mechanical waves
... will be inverted (shown in these equations as a negative amplitude). If the wave is reflected from a fixed end (or from a boundary where the inertia of the medium increases), the reflected wave will experience 180o phase change (i.e., it will be inverted). If the wave is reflected from a free end (o ...
... will be inverted (shown in these equations as a negative amplitude). If the wave is reflected from a fixed end (or from a boundary where the inertia of the medium increases), the reflected wave will experience 180o phase change (i.e., it will be inverted). If the wave is reflected from a free end (o ...
Doc - Department of Physics
... 1. Dr S. Mureramanzi (E – mail: [email protected]), Physics Department, Physical Sciences Building, 2nd Floor, room 203, University of Nairobi. Introduction to the Course unit The course comprises three parts: Waves, Geometrical Optics and an Introduction to Wave optics. A wave is a disturbanc ...
... 1. Dr S. Mureramanzi (E – mail: [email protected]), Physics Department, Physical Sciences Building, 2nd Floor, room 203, University of Nairobi. Introduction to the Course unit The course comprises three parts: Waves, Geometrical Optics and an Introduction to Wave optics. A wave is a disturbanc ...
Surface plasmon resonance microscopy
Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy (SPRM) is a label free analytical tool that combines the surface plasmon resonance of metallic surfaces with imaging of the metallic surface.The heterogeneity of the refractive index of the metallic surface imparts high contrast images, caused by the shift in the resonance angle.SPRM can achieve a thickness sensitivity of few tenths of nanometer and lateral resolution achieves values of micrometer scale.SPRM is used to characterize surfaces, self-assembled monolayers, multilayer films, metal nanoparticles, oligonucleotides arrays, binding and reduction reactions.Surface Plasmon polaritons are surface electromagnetic waves coupled to oscillating free electrons of a metallic surface that propagate along a metal/dielectric interface.Since polaritons are highly sensitive to small changes in the refractive index of the metallic material,it can be used as a biosensing tool that does not require labeling. SPRM measurements can be made in real-time.Wang and collaborators studied the binding kinetics of membrane proteins in single cells.The experimental setup of an SPRM can be seen in the Figure 1, where an adherent cell is grown on a gold film and placed in an inverted microscope, p-polarized light was used to create the surface plasmons on the gold film and a CCD camera was used to create the SPR image.