3D Finite Element Model for Writing Long
... simpler setup and, although the irradiation occurs on just one of the sides of the fiber, the line-shaped beam reduces the writing asymmetric effect when compared with focused circular laser beams. In parallel to the development of writing techniques, research on the physical mechanisms responsible ...
... simpler setup and, although the irradiation occurs on just one of the sides of the fiber, the line-shaped beam reduces the writing asymmetric effect when compared with focused circular laser beams. In parallel to the development of writing techniques, research on the physical mechanisms responsible ...
Introduction: When waves encounter obstacles (or openings), they
... Both the zone plate and convex lens form a real image of the object and the equations connecting the conjugate distances are similar. The local lengths of both depend on the wavelength, λ and hence suffer from chromatic aberration. The chromatic aberration in a zone plate is much more severe than in ...
... Both the zone plate and convex lens form a real image of the object and the equations connecting the conjugate distances are similar. The local lengths of both depend on the wavelength, λ and hence suffer from chromatic aberration. The chromatic aberration in a zone plate is much more severe than in ...
Practical aspects of Microscopy
... too small to be easily viewed by the human eye. Viewing and studying objects that range in size from millimeters (1 mm = 10-3 meter) to nanometers (1 nm = 10-9 meter) intrigues everyone and is currently applied to every field of science and technology in use today. Microscopes, devices which magnify ...
... too small to be easily viewed by the human eye. Viewing and studying objects that range in size from millimeters (1 mm = 10-3 meter) to nanometers (1 nm = 10-9 meter) intrigues everyone and is currently applied to every field of science and technology in use today. Microscopes, devices which magnify ...
Optical Basicity and Polarizability of Nd3+
... where X Bi2 O3 , X Li2 O , X ZnO , X B2 O3 , X Nd 2 O3 are the molar fraction of the constituent oxides and Z Bi2O3 , Z Li2O , Z ZnO , Z B2 O3 , Z Nd 2 O3 are the molar weights of the constituent oxides. Refractive index measurement Refractive index is another important property to be considered wit ...
... where X Bi2 O3 , X Li2 O , X ZnO , X B2 O3 , X Nd 2 O3 are the molar fraction of the constituent oxides and Z Bi2O3 , Z Li2O , Z ZnO , Z B2 O3 , Z Nd 2 O3 are the molar weights of the constituent oxides. Refractive index measurement Refractive index is another important property to be considered wit ...
Variable Geometric Phase Polarization Rotators for the Visible
... not conserve linear polarization because the s- and p-polarization components of the light acquire different phase shifts upon reflection w14x. As a consequence, after one or more off-plane reflections, linearly polarized light quickly becomes elliptically polarized. There are two ways to correct th ...
... not conserve linear polarization because the s- and p-polarization components of the light acquire different phase shifts upon reflection w14x. As a consequence, after one or more off-plane reflections, linearly polarized light quickly becomes elliptically polarized. There are two ways to correct th ...
Observation of modulational instability in Bose
... ωr = 2π × 70 Hz radially) before the axial trapping is tuned off, creating an optical waveguide for the atoms (ωz is measured to be 3 Hz anti trapping). Simultaneously, the scattering length is rapidly jumped to another value before the condensate is allowed to evolve in the waveguide for approximat ...
... ωr = 2π × 70 Hz radially) before the axial trapping is tuned off, creating an optical waveguide for the atoms (ωz is measured to be 3 Hz anti trapping). Simultaneously, the scattering length is rapidly jumped to another value before the condensate is allowed to evolve in the waveguide for approximat ...
Dynamical diffraction of atomic matter waves by crystals of light
... derived by summing Huygens elementary spherical waves scattered by lattice planes. The calculation is easy if one ignores multiple scattering. This situation is described by the kinematic diffraction theory @14#. However, we are interested in the regime where multiple scattering occurs and each sing ...
... derived by summing Huygens elementary spherical waves scattered by lattice planes. The calculation is easy if one ignores multiple scattering. This situation is described by the kinematic diffraction theory @14#. However, we are interested in the regime where multiple scattering occurs and each sing ...
Composite THz materials using aligned metallic
... such a composite can be thought of as a homogeneous (however, anisotropic) medium [3,4] that can exhibit various unusual properties. One possible implementation of a THz metamaterial is in the form of the periodic metallic split-ring resonator arrays [5,6] which are typically fabricated by electron- ...
... such a composite can be thought of as a homogeneous (however, anisotropic) medium [3,4] that can exhibit various unusual properties. One possible implementation of a THz metamaterial is in the form of the periodic metallic split-ring resonator arrays [5,6] which are typically fabricated by electron- ...
Modeling water column structure and suspended particulate matter
... advection of warm waters from the inner shelf; this advection may have been induced by strong downwelling favorable winds. Current meter data corroborate this hypothesis (see Chang and Dickey, 2001), with currents flowing onshore (⬃65 cm s⫺1) in the upper 40 m and offshore below 40 m (⬃20 cm s⫺1) st ...
... advection of warm waters from the inner shelf; this advection may have been induced by strong downwelling favorable winds. Current meter data corroborate this hypothesis (see Chang and Dickey, 2001), with currents flowing onshore (⬃65 cm s⫺1) in the upper 40 m and offshore below 40 m (⬃20 cm s⫺1) st ...
Structure and optical properties of nanocrystalline hafnium oxide
... and quartz substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. All the substrates were thoroughly cleaned and dried with nitrogen before introducing them into the vacuum chamber, which was initially evacuated to a base pressure of 106 Torr. A hafnium (Hf) target (Plasmaterials, Inc.) of 2 in. diam ...
... and quartz substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. All the substrates were thoroughly cleaned and dried with nitrogen before introducing them into the vacuum chamber, which was initially evacuated to a base pressure of 106 Torr. A hafnium (Hf) target (Plasmaterials, Inc.) of 2 in. diam ...
Energy gap–refractive index relations in semiconductors – An
... can be obtained. However, the Ravindra relation is shown to have a few shortcomings at high and low index values. The Moss relation out performs the Ravindra relation in these areas and is further supported by formal theory from Finkenrath. From the different semiconductors known, one can understand ...
... can be obtained. However, the Ravindra relation is shown to have a few shortcomings at high and low index values. The Moss relation out performs the Ravindra relation in these areas and is further supported by formal theory from Finkenrath. From the different semiconductors known, one can understand ...
PowerPoint Lecture - UCSD Department of Physics
... – also helps spherical aberration to have multiple surfaces (more design freedom) ...
... – also helps spherical aberration to have multiple surfaces (more design freedom) ...
Characterisation of the Humidity and Temperature Responses of a
... (for the grating under study Λ = 180 nm), d is the thickness of the layer ( d = 30 µm) and S is the area of the photopolymer film (2.6 x 2.6 cm2), ρ is the density of water (0.99756 at 23 ºC). After linear fit of the measured experimental dependence ∆λ (∆m) it was found out that the slope is 10.5 nm ...
... (for the grating under study Λ = 180 nm), d is the thickness of the layer ( d = 30 µm) and S is the area of the photopolymer film (2.6 x 2.6 cm2), ρ is the density of water (0.99756 at 23 ºC). After linear fit of the measured experimental dependence ∆λ (∆m) it was found out that the slope is 10.5 nm ...
Optical properties of metals and alloys
... where vp is the velocity of the conduction electrons at Fermi surface Sp. In the region of reflection (1/T « W « CO^) the anomalous skin depth for the penetration of an electromagnetic field is given by ...
... where vp is the velocity of the conduction electrons at Fermi surface Sp. In the region of reflection (1/T « W « CO^) the anomalous skin depth for the penetration of an electromagnetic field is given by ...
New Materials and New Concepts for Controlling Light and Waves
... of radiation can be exploited for enhanced molecular sensing and realising non‐linear effects at low power levels. However the degree of enhancement is limited by the delocalisation of surface charge implied by the quantum nature of the electron liquid inside a metal. ...
... of radiation can be exploited for enhanced molecular sensing and realising non‐linear effects at low power levels. However the degree of enhancement is limited by the delocalisation of surface charge implied by the quantum nature of the electron liquid inside a metal. ...
Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers
... length of the shaped geometry. Another type is the low-density absorber which utilizes a very porous or sparse material so that its parameters can generally be taken to be approximately those of free space.[1] By using a thick layer of this material, one can generate enough loss to create high absor ...
... length of the shaped geometry. Another type is the low-density absorber which utilizes a very porous or sparse material so that its parameters can generally be taken to be approximately those of free space.[1] By using a thick layer of this material, one can generate enough loss to create high absor ...
PC 481 Fiber Optics Lab Manual
... coupler allows two or more optical signals to be combined into one signal. The coupler can also be used to split the signals apart again. The fused coupler is the most common of the fibre couplers and the principle behind the fused couplers is that when two or more fibre cores are brought to within ...
... coupler allows two or more optical signals to be combined into one signal. The coupler can also be used to split the signals apart again. The fused coupler is the most common of the fibre couplers and the principle behind the fused couplers is that when two or more fibre cores are brought to within ...
Design, fabrication and testing of microlens arrays for sensors and
... always act like a microlens. Nevertheless, it is not trivial to fabricate microlenses with good optical performance. The difference between a suitable lens profile and an unacceptable profile is only a fraction of a wavelength. Thus, careful optimization of all processing steps is necessary. During ...
... always act like a microlens. Nevertheless, it is not trivial to fabricate microlenses with good optical performance. The difference between a suitable lens profile and an unacceptable profile is only a fraction of a wavelength. Thus, careful optimization of all processing steps is necessary. During ...
Wave Optics Theory and 3-D Deconvolution for the Light Field
... resolution. In photography, the band limit is determined by the diffraction limit and the size and fill factor of the camera pixels [6]. Since modern image sensors with high fill factors are very close to band-limited, the achievable super-resolution factor is roughly 2x with deconvolution, although ...
... resolution. In photography, the band limit is determined by the diffraction limit and the size and fill factor of the camera pixels [6]. Since modern image sensors with high fill factors are very close to band-limited, the achievable super-resolution factor is roughly 2x with deconvolution, although ...
Modulating carrier and sideband coupling strengths in a standing
... compare these results with those given by numerical models of the trap system. A trapped ion interacting with an ideal standing-wave laser field is treated in Refs. [15,17]. We extend this treatment to include an angle of incidence α relative to the mirror normal [see Fig. 1(b)] and differing coupli ...
... compare these results with those given by numerical models of the trap system. A trapped ion interacting with an ideal standing-wave laser field is treated in Refs. [15,17]. We extend this treatment to include an angle of incidence α relative to the mirror normal [see Fig. 1(b)] and differing coupli ...
Detecting tissue optical and mechanical properties with an
... image resolution at depth, several methods have been developed including ultrasound modulated optical tomography (UOT) [1], time-reversed ultrasonically encoded light focusing [2] and photo-acoustic tomography [3]. In UOT, part of the scattered light is modulated by focused ultrasound, e.g. the phas ...
... image resolution at depth, several methods have been developed including ultrasound modulated optical tomography (UOT) [1], time-reversed ultrasonically encoded light focusing [2] and photo-acoustic tomography [3]. In UOT, part of the scattered light is modulated by focused ultrasound, e.g. the phas ...
Surface plasmon resonance microscopy
Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy (SPRM) is a label free analytical tool that combines the surface plasmon resonance of metallic surfaces with imaging of the metallic surface.The heterogeneity of the refractive index of the metallic surface imparts high contrast images, caused by the shift in the resonance angle.SPRM can achieve a thickness sensitivity of few tenths of nanometer and lateral resolution achieves values of micrometer scale.SPRM is used to characterize surfaces, self-assembled monolayers, multilayer films, metal nanoparticles, oligonucleotides arrays, binding and reduction reactions.Surface Plasmon polaritons are surface electromagnetic waves coupled to oscillating free electrons of a metallic surface that propagate along a metal/dielectric interface.Since polaritons are highly sensitive to small changes in the refractive index of the metallic material,it can be used as a biosensing tool that does not require labeling. SPRM measurements can be made in real-time.Wang and collaborators studied the binding kinetics of membrane proteins in single cells.The experimental setup of an SPRM can be seen in the Figure 1, where an adherent cell is grown on a gold film and placed in an inverted microscope, p-polarized light was used to create the surface plasmons on the gold film and a CCD camera was used to create the SPR image.