Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
... position, and will lead to large diffuse illumination thereby destroying the spatial resolution. To prevent the higher angle aberrated beams from illuminating the sample, an objective aperture is used, and is typically a few tens of microns in diameter. The existence of an objective aperture in the ...
... position, and will lead to large diffuse illumination thereby destroying the spatial resolution. To prevent the higher angle aberrated beams from illuminating the sample, an objective aperture is used, and is typically a few tens of microns in diameter. The existence of an objective aperture in the ...
Technical Digest Post-Deadline Papers
... triangular grating. The grating is made of Al and the pitch is 10 λ. Both axes are the groove depth and incidence angle. ...
... triangular grating. The grating is made of Al and the pitch is 10 λ. Both axes are the groove depth and incidence angle. ...
Full text - Ward Ober Lab
... optical axis (z-axis) of the objective lens in the object space, where z0 denotes the defocus distance from the plane of focus (plane 1) of the objective lens. Previously, we had shown that the 3D fundamental limit of x0 in a conventional microscope setup deteriorates with increasing defocus distanc ...
... optical axis (z-axis) of the objective lens in the object space, where z0 denotes the defocus distance from the plane of focus (plane 1) of the objective lens. Previously, we had shown that the 3D fundamental limit of x0 in a conventional microscope setup deteriorates with increasing defocus distanc ...
Plasmonic Nanopore for Electrical Profiling of
... calculations can be found in the Supporting Information. The calculated intensity map is presented in Figure 3b, and it is clear that the experimental results closely match the theoretical calculations. No fitting parameters were used, and the minor differences between the experimental results and the ...
... calculations can be found in the Supporting Information. The calculated intensity map is presented in Figure 3b, and it is clear that the experimental results closely match the theoretical calculations. No fitting parameters were used, and the minor differences between the experimental results and the ...
Assessment of optical systems by means of point
... present knowledge and then sketch in some more detail the recent developments since the 1950’s. The early point-spread function analysis was based on ray optics and it focused on the influence of spherical aberration (see early work by Christiaan Huygens, reported in [Korteweg, Huygens complete work ...
... present knowledge and then sketch in some more detail the recent developments since the 1950’s. The early point-spread function analysis was based on ray optics and it focused on the influence of spherical aberration (see early work by Christiaan Huygens, reported in [Korteweg, Huygens complete work ...
Aberrations
... astigmatism at the circle of least confusion (minimum spot size), and the width of the blur due to thirdorder coma (twice the sagittal coma) are all equal for the same maximum amount of wavefront aberration. ...
... astigmatism at the circle of least confusion (minimum spot size), and the width of the blur due to thirdorder coma (twice the sagittal coma) are all equal for the same maximum amount of wavefront aberration. ...
Precision interferometer
... portions of the resulting beams are brought back together. Since the beams are from the same source, their phases are highly correlated. When a lens is placed between the laser source and the Figure 2. Fringes beam-splitter, the light ray spreads out, and an interference pattern of dark and bright r ...
... portions of the resulting beams are brought back together. Since the beams are from the same source, their phases are highly correlated. When a lens is placed between the laser source and the Figure 2. Fringes beam-splitter, the light ray spreads out, and an interference pattern of dark and bright r ...
9.2. Summary - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
... of the beam diameter, i.e. independent of path length). The angular acceptance for SASE saturation through the undulator is of the same order as the beam divergence, so any beam angle excursions larger than this value would probably quench any coherent output (a similar constraint applies to the pos ...
... of the beam diameter, i.e. independent of path length). The angular acceptance for SASE saturation through the undulator is of the same order as the beam divergence, so any beam angle excursions larger than this value would probably quench any coherent output (a similar constraint applies to the pos ...
Diffractive optical element and optical pickup apparatus
... only optical disks having a standard speci?cation that infor mation is recorded and reproduced through an objective lens having a numerical aperture NA of 0.85 and a protective layer having a thickness of about 0.1 mm is formed, (speci?cally, for example, a blue ray disk (BD)) but also optical disks ...
... only optical disks having a standard speci?cation that infor mation is recorded and reproduced through an objective lens having a numerical aperture NA of 0.85 and a protective layer having a thickness of about 0.1 mm is formed, (speci?cally, for example, a blue ray disk (BD)) but also optical disks ...
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... The observed discrete-vortex soliton is a robust structure, which can be reproduced with different experimental parameters such as lattice spacing. In Fig. 5(a) we show another example of the discrete-vortex soliton formed on a lattice with a period of 20 m. The fourlobe output intensity pattern wa ...
... The observed discrete-vortex soliton is a robust structure, which can be reproduced with different experimental parameters such as lattice spacing. In Fig. 5(a) we show another example of the discrete-vortex soliton formed on a lattice with a period of 20 m. The fourlobe output intensity pattern wa ...
Nonlinear Beam Shaping with Plasmonic Metasurfaces
... setup that was described previously,32 and the measured Fourier plane of the SH beam is shown in Figure 2e for pump wavelength 1320 nm. It can be seen that the emitted SH pattern agrees well with the simulation (see also Figure 2f). The minor discrepancy originates from subtle misalignment of the op ...
... setup that was described previously,32 and the measured Fourier plane of the SH beam is shown in Figure 2e for pump wavelength 1320 nm. It can be seen that the emitted SH pattern agrees well with the simulation (see also Figure 2f). The minor discrepancy originates from subtle misalignment of the op ...
Propagation of obstructed Bessel and Bessel–Gauss
... Using geometric optics, further information about the beam can be revealed. The maximum width of the BG beam, rmax, is found at zmax/2: rmax = z max tan θ , ...
... Using geometric optics, further information about the beam can be revealed. The maximum width of the BG beam, rmax, is found at zmax/2: rmax = z max tan θ , ...
Statistics of the received power for free space optical channels
... wander resulting in power fading, and sometimes complete loss of the signal. Spreading of the laser beam and jitter are also artifacts of atmospheric turbulence. To accurately predict the signal fading that occurs in a laser communication system and to get a true picture of how this affects crucial ...
... wander resulting in power fading, and sometimes complete loss of the signal. Spreading of the laser beam and jitter are also artifacts of atmospheric turbulence. To accurately predict the signal fading that occurs in a laser communication system and to get a true picture of how this affects crucial ...
Fourier-domain holography in photorefractive quantum-well films
... path5,6 and have used low-coherence light.7,8 Holographic OCI has also produced the first depth-resolved images inside living tissue.9 However, the current generation of PRQW devices has fabrication-related defects that limit the sensitivity and dynamic range of photorefractive holography because of ...
... path5,6 and have used low-coherence light.7,8 Holographic OCI has also produced the first depth-resolved images inside living tissue.9 However, the current generation of PRQW devices has fabrication-related defects that limit the sensitivity and dynamic range of photorefractive holography because of ...
Airy disk
In optics, the Airy disk (or Airy disc) and Airy pattern are descriptions of the best focused spot of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make, limited by the diffraction of light. The Airy disk is of importance in physics, optics, and astronomy.The diffraction pattern resulting from a uniformly-illuminated circular aperture has a bright region in the center, known as the Airy disk which together with the series of concentric bright rings around is called the Airy pattern. Both are named after George Biddell Airy. The disk and rings phenomenon had been known prior to Airy; John Herschel described the appearance of a bright star seen through a telescope under high magnification for an 1828 article on light for the Encyclopedia Metropolitana:...the star is then seen (in favourable circumstances of tranquil atmosphere, uniform temperature, &c.) as a perfectly round, well-defined planetary disc, surrounded by two, three, or more alternately dark and bright rings, which, if examined attentively, are seen to be slightly coloured at their borders. They succeed each other nearly at equal intervals round the central disc....However, Airy wrote the first full theoretical treatment explaining the phenomenon (his 1835 ""On the Diffraction of an Object-glass with Circular Aperture"").Mathematically, the diffraction pattern is characterized by the wavelength of light illuminating the circular aperture, and the aperture's size. The appearance of the diffraction pattern is additionally characterized by the sensitivity of the eye or other detector used to observe the pattern.The most important application of this concept is in cameras and telescopes. Owing to diffraction, the smallest point to which a lens or mirror can focus a beam of light is the size of the Airy disk. Even if one were able to make a perfect lens, there is still a limit to the resolution of an image created by this lens. An optical system in which the resolution is no longer limited by imperfections in the lenses but only by diffraction is said to be diffraction limited.