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Phylum Cnidaria - Austin Community College
Phylum Cnidaria - Austin Community College

... another very ancient group with lots of fossil representatives ...
Полный текст
Полный текст

... evidences that cavities, which are located at the base of brachial fold, form single cavity that extends along each brachium and above the mouth and is isolated from canals of the lophophore coelom (Fig. 2A, B). TEM investigation reveals that the cavity has its own lining, which consists of non-musc ...
video slide
video slide

... • Many animals have at least one larval stage • A larva is sexually immature and morphologically distinct from the adult; it eventually undergoes metamorphosis • All animals, and only animals, have Hox genes that regulate the development of body form • Although the Hox family of genes has been high ...
Conodonts, Calcichordates and the Origin of Vertebrates
Conodonts, Calcichordates and the Origin of Vertebrates

... the study of comparative anatomy and embryology. The addition of phylogenetic (“cladistic”) methods has not changed our inability to understand the phylogenetic significance of phylotypic designs. This is not necessarily because the methods are poor, but because thcre wa5 an overwhelming evolutionar ...
Phoronida - Paleopolis
Phoronida - Paleopolis

... The phoronid larva, commonly called an actinotroch, retains a separate “generic” name, Actinotrocha, which authorities still consider different from the adult species. There are 10 well-defined species of phoronid: Phoronis ovalis (creeping larva), P. hippocrepia (larva, Actinotrocha vancouverensis) ...
Biology
Biology

... Justify the requirement of C4 pathway/cycle in tropical and sub-tropical plants Draw the specialized anatomy of the leaves of C4 plants Analyse the process of photorespiration and the reason of its occurrence Describe the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis Link the significance of photosyn ...
FoF Bats
FoF Bats

... can interpret the echoes that bounce back to them from surrounding objects. This allows them to locate and identify with great clarity objects and prey animals in their immediate environment – this sensory mechanism is so efficient that objects as small as a midge or as fine as a spider’s web can be ...
figure 1 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
figure 1 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B

... aspects of the choanoflagellate/animal transition, often overlooked but more important than discovering extra protozoan genes suitable as precursors to animal functions. Such ancestral features exist in both choanoflagellates and more distant protozoan relatives of substantially different cell struc ...
Chapter 26: Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms
Chapter 26: Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms

... Cnidarians are predators that capture or poison their prey with nematocysts. A nematocyst (nih MAT uh sihst) is a capsule that contains a coiled, threadlike tube. The tube may be sticky or barbed, and it may contain toxic substances. Nematocysts, located in stinging cells, are discharged like toy po ...
Unit 17.2: Overview of Invertebrates
Unit 17.2: Overview of Invertebrates

... then regrows the missing part. The result is two whole organisms. Budding may take place when a parent forms a small bump, or bud. The bud remains attached to the parent while it develops into a new individual. ...
A Developmental Perspective: Changes in the Position of the
A Developmental Perspective: Changes in the Position of the

... gastrulation gives rise to the anus of the adult animal. The mouth of deuterostomes (‘‘secondary mouth’’) forms at a different location. In the last common ancestor of all protostomes (‘‘mouth first’’), the site of gastrulation was said to give rise, not to the anus, but to the adult mouth. These te ...
Plankton. The Unnoticed Residents of all Water Habitats.
Plankton. The Unnoticed Residents of all Water Habitats.

... of their body when divided vertically. They have a triangle shaped head with two eyes, which can detect changes in light in their environment. They have an acoelomate body, meaning they have no internal cavities to hold their organs, thus having a very simple nervous system. Planaria have no circula ...
Chapter 32
Chapter 32

... Concept 32.2: The history of animals spans more than half a billion years • The animal kingdom includes a great diversity of living species and an even greater diversity of extinct ones • The common ancestor of living animals may have lived between 675 and 875 million years ago. • This ancestor may ...
Animal Development and Phylogeny Notes
Animal Development and Phylogeny Notes

... organisms that have the following characteristics:  Suspension feeding (capturing food from the water as it travels through the body  Pores on the outer surface pull in water and send it out through the spongocoel and it’s main opening, the osculum  All are hermaphroditic  Have a few specialized ...
Biology 122L – Invertebrate zoology lab Cnidarian diversity lab
Biology 122L – Invertebrate zoology lab Cnidarian diversity lab

... golden-brown color and have a noticeably tougher texture than the coenosarc. In thecate hydroids, the perisarc extends beyond the end of the stalk to form a cup, or theca, into which the hydranth can withdraw; some hydrothecae are equipped with an operculum that can be pulled down to shut the hydran ...
Porifera - Perth Beachcombers Education Kit
Porifera - Perth Beachcombers Education Kit

... called Porifera, meaning ‘pore-bearer’. They are characterised by a body that is punctured with microscopic holes or pores, as well as one or more larger round openings or vents. Because they are sedentary (fixed in one place), colourful and simple in structure, sponges are often mistaken for plants ...
Local.brookings.k12.sd.us
Local.brookings.k12.sd.us

... 21. All of the following correctly describe the fate of the embryonic layers of a vertebrate EXCEPT (A) neural tube and epidermis develop from ectoderm (B) linings of digestive organs and lungs develop from endoderm (C) notochord and kidneys develop from endoderm (D) skeletal muscles and heart devel ...
BIL 106 – Introduction to Zoology Krempels Animal Form and
BIL 106 – Introduction to Zoology Krempels Animal Form and

... Know the main differences between the two types of photoreceptors (rods and cones) and what you would expect in an animal that has either a rod-dominated or cone-dominated retina. Which type of photoreceptor confers color vision, and why? Which one is better for collecting light in dark situations? ...
Taxonomic Overview of the Six Kingdoms
Taxonomic Overview of the Six Kingdoms

... •Multicellular heterotrophs that have cell walls made of Chitin but lack chlorophyll, roots and stems •Extracellular saprophytes (decomposers)- secrete enzymes through specialized tissues to digest and absorb nutrients ...
BSC I ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL
BSC I ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL

... 6. As the trophozoite grows in size, a central vacuole is developed. 7. As a result of this the nucleus is pushed to one side into peripheral cytoplasm. 8. This stage is clinically referred to as signet – ring sage. 9. Signet- ring trophozoite secretes digestive enzymes which bring lyses of haemoglo ...
The Body in Motion
The Body in Motion

... • Sponge body consists of –Sac with tiny openings –Spongocoel –Osculum ...
Phylogeny of Spiralia
Phylogeny of Spiralia

... diatoms ...
Teachers Fact Sheet No 5 Cave Biology
Teachers Fact Sheet No 5 Cave Biology

... complete their entire life cycle in the cave. The largest is the Tasmanian cave spider, which may have a leg span of up to 14cm and a web up to 1m across. It also occurs in other dark, damp places throughout Tasmania. One of the most spectacular troglophiles is the Tasmanian glow-worm, which may be ...
The Noncoelomate Animals
The Noncoelomate Animals

... The bodies of members of these two phyla, the Radiata, exhibit radial symmetry, a body design in which the parts of the body are arranged around a central axis in such a way that any plane passing through the central axis divides the organism into halves that are approximate mirror images (figure 44 ...
What is an animal?
What is an animal?

... – Coral reefs emerged, becoming important marine ecological niches for other organisms ...
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History of zoology (through 1859)

This article considers the history of zoology up to the year 1859, when the theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin.The history of zoology traces the study of the animal kingdom from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of zoology as a single coherent field arose much later, the zoological sciences emerged from natural history reaching back to the works of Aristotle and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world. This ancient work was further developed in the Middle Ages by Muslim physicians and scholars such as Albertus Magnus. During the European Renaissance and early modern period, zoological thought was revolutionized in Europe by a renewed interest in empiricism and the discovery of many novel organisms. Prominent in this movement were Vesalius and William Harvey, who used experimentation and careful observation in physiology, and naturalists such as Carl Linnaeus and Buffon who began to classify the diversity of life and the fossil record, as well as the development and behavior of organisms. Microscopy revealed the previously unknown world of microorganisms, laying the groundwork for cell theory. The growing importance of natural theology, partly a response to the rise of mechanical philosophy, encouraged the growth of natural history (although it entrenched the argument from design).Over the 18th and 19th centuries, zoology became increasingly professional scientific disciplines. Explorer-naturalists such as Alexander von Humboldt investigated the interaction between organisms and their environment, and the ways this relationship depends on geography—laying the foundations for biogeography, ecology and ethology. Naturalists began to reject essentialism and consider the importance of extinction and the mutability of species. Cell theory provided a new perspective on the fundamental basis of life. These developments, as well as the results from embryology and paleontology, were synthesized in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. In 1859, Darwin placed the theory of organic evolution on a new footing, by his discovery of a process by which organic evolution can occur, and provided observational evidence that it had done so.
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