Subluminal wave bullets: Exact localized subluminal
... neglected, however, for the mathematical difficulties met in getting analytic expressions for them, difficulties associated with the fact that the superposition integral runs over a finite interval. We want here to readdress the question of such subluminal LWs, showing, by contrast, that one can ind ...
... neglected, however, for the mathematical difficulties met in getting analytic expressions for them, difficulties associated with the fact that the superposition integral runs over a finite interval. We want here to readdress the question of such subluminal LWs, showing, by contrast, that one can ind ...
Chemistry
... a) Give steps (using correct terms for glassware, chemicals, and lab equipment) for the experiment you need to perform in order to determine the concentration of the HCl. b) What is this type of experiment called? c) Indicate what measurements need to be taken (you do not have to discuss any calcula ...
... a) Give steps (using correct terms for glassware, chemicals, and lab equipment) for the experiment you need to perform in order to determine the concentration of the HCl. b) What is this type of experiment called? c) Indicate what measurements need to be taken (you do not have to discuss any calcula ...
A compact laser head with high-frequency stability for Rb atomic
... In order to evaluate the sources of limitations to the frequency stability measured at medium-term integration times around ⬇ 104 s and beyond, the influence of several experimental parameters on the frequency position of the saturated absorption reference lines was evaluated for the simple spectr ...
... In order to evaluate the sources of limitations to the frequency stability measured at medium-term integration times around ⬇ 104 s and beyond, the influence of several experimental parameters on the frequency position of the saturated absorption reference lines was evaluated for the simple spectr ...
Advanced Chemistry
... initial [NO] of run 4 and the initial rate of appearance is 4x. 2x = 4, x=2 Order of reaction for Br2: look at experiments 1+2 (or 1+4 or 2+4). This initial [Br2] in run 2 is 2x the initial [Br2] in run 1. The initial rate in run 2 is 2x the initial rate in run 1. 2x=2, x=1 (b) For the reaction, (i) ...
... initial [NO] of run 4 and the initial rate of appearance is 4x. 2x = 4, x=2 Order of reaction for Br2: look at experiments 1+2 (or 1+4 or 2+4). This initial [Br2] in run 2 is 2x the initial [Br2] in run 1. The initial rate in run 2 is 2x the initial rate in run 1. 2x=2, x=1 (b) For the reaction, (i) ...
Optical Nonlinearities in the Transparency Region of Bulk Semiconductors . W
... (b) is completely absorbed, we could naively expect that the output should be given by the difference between (a) and (b), as shown in (c). However, it can be seen that such an output would violate causality with an output signal occurring at times before the incident wave train arrives. In order fo ...
... (b) is completely absorbed, we could naively expect that the output should be given by the difference between (a) and (b), as shown in (c). However, it can be seen that such an output would violate causality with an output signal occurring at times before the incident wave train arrives. In order fo ...
High speed silicon based optical modulators based on carrier
... To realize a high speed modulator, the thermal contribution cannot be used and it acts as a parasitic effect. Thermal and carrier-depletion contributions have thus been dissociated [40]. The thermal effect is proportional to the electrical dissipated power, which is deduced from experimental current ...
... To realize a high speed modulator, the thermal contribution cannot be used and it acts as a parasitic effect. Thermal and carrier-depletion contributions have thus been dissociated [40]. The thermal effect is proportional to the electrical dissipated power, which is deduced from experimental current ...
analytical chemistry - Львівський національний медичний
... and physico-chemical properties. In all classifications there is a cations group, which does not have group peagent (cations of lithium, potassium, sodium, and ion of ammonium, which has the ion radius similar to the potassium ion). These are cations of the s1 elements with electronic structure of i ...
... and physico-chemical properties. In all classifications there is a cations group, which does not have group peagent (cations of lithium, potassium, sodium, and ion of ammonium, which has the ion radius similar to the potassium ion). These are cations of the s1 elements with electronic structure of i ...
Apodized Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings for Wavelength Shift Compensation under... Level
... by a series of side lobes at adjacent wavelengths. It is important in some applications to lower and if possible eliminate the reflectivity of these side lobes, or to apodize the reflection spectrum of the grating. For example, in the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DW DM), it is important t ...
... by a series of side lobes at adjacent wavelengths. It is important in some applications to lower and if possible eliminate the reflectivity of these side lobes, or to apodize the reflection spectrum of the grating. For example, in the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DW DM), it is important t ...
Wavelength Conversion Technologies for Photonic Network
... Despite such expectations and some promising experimental reports, the wavelength conversion technologies are as yet immature. The technologies that have been reported so far are the OE-EO transponder type, the gating type using semiconductor devices and optical fiber,5)-9) and the coherent type, wh ...
... Despite such expectations and some promising experimental reports, the wavelength conversion technologies are as yet immature. The technologies that have been reported so far are the OE-EO transponder type, the gating type using semiconductor devices and optical fiber,5)-9) and the coherent type, wh ...
Study Guide Chapter 16: The Process of Chemical Reactions
... temperature and pressure. The gas is composed of O2 molecules that are moving constantly in the container. For a typical gas, the average distance between particles is about ten times the diameter of each particle. This leads to the gas particles themselves taking up only about 0.1% of the total vol ...
... temperature and pressure. The gas is composed of O2 molecules that are moving constantly in the container. For a typical gas, the average distance between particles is about ten times the diameter of each particle. This leads to the gas particles themselves taking up only about 0.1% of the total vol ...
Optical Methods for Tympanic Membrane Characterisation Towards Objective Otoscopy in Otitis Media
... of TM characteristics associated with otitis media. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was applied to quantify TM erythema using previously suggested erythema detection algorithms. Healthy TM:s were significantly distinguished from TM:s with induced erythema (p < 0.01) and from TM:s in ears with mucou ...
... of TM characteristics associated with otitis media. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was applied to quantify TM erythema using previously suggested erythema detection algorithms. Healthy TM:s were significantly distinguished from TM:s with induced erythema (p < 0.01) and from TM:s in ears with mucou ...
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis or UV/Vis) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region. This means it uses light in the visible and adjacent (near-UV and near-infrared [NIR]) ranges. The absorption or reflectance in the visible range directly affects the perceived color of the chemicals involved. In this region of the electromagnetic spectrum, molecules undergo electronic transitions. This technique is complementary to fluorescence spectroscopy, in that fluorescence deals with transitions from the excited state to the ground state, while absorption measures transitions from the ground state to the excited state.