... conducted for three samples with different phase gradients of 3.6, 4.0, and 4.4 rad/mm. The measured refraction angles agree well with the theoretical predictions (solid curves). The angles are the same for both the left and right circularly polarized light. (Inset) Schematic depiction of the light ...
Engineering Optics and Optical Techniques
... Ex. 2 The sodium D doublet has wavelength of 589 nm and 589.6 nm. If only a grating with 400 rulings/mm is available, what is the lowest order possible in which the D lines are resolved? ...
... Ex. 2 The sodium D doublet has wavelength of 589 nm and 589.6 nm. If only a grating with 400 rulings/mm is available, what is the lowest order possible in which the D lines are resolved? ...
Light consists of electromagnetic waves that have oscillating electric
... We will denote the propagation direction of a plane wave by the wave vector k. In real optical systems, such (infinitely spread) plane waves do not exist because of the finite size of the optical elements. Non-planar optical components cause further deviations of the wave from planarity so the wave ...
... We will denote the propagation direction of a plane wave by the wave vector k. In real optical systems, such (infinitely spread) plane waves do not exist because of the finite size of the optical elements. Non-planar optical components cause further deviations of the wave from planarity so the wave ...
Proposal for an Optical Laser Producing Light at Half the... Frans Godschalk, Fabian Hassler, and Yuli V. Nazarov
... the HJL is locked to the SC phase difference with only two allowed values of the optical phase corresponding to two opposite radiation amplitudes. This removes drift as a source of decoherence and opens up the possibility to manipulate the optical phase by changing the SC phase difference. Instead, ...
... the HJL is locked to the SC phase difference with only two allowed values of the optical phase corresponding to two opposite radiation amplitudes. This removes drift as a source of decoherence and opens up the possibility to manipulate the optical phase by changing the SC phase difference. Instead, ...
Phase-preserving chirped-pulse optical parametric amplification to
... (CPOPA) is rapidly emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional stimulated-emission-based chirped-pulse amplif ier (CPA) systems for the amplification of ultrashort pulses. Large single-pass parametric gains, of the order of 107 , are in principle possible by propagation through only millim ...
... (CPOPA) is rapidly emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional stimulated-emission-based chirped-pulse amplif ier (CPA) systems for the amplification of ultrashort pulses. Large single-pass parametric gains, of the order of 107 , are in principle possible by propagation through only millim ...
Coherent x-rays: overview
... • Phase-contrast imaging Phase contrast always involves some degree of coherence we will discuss how much later • X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy Two dedicated beam lines now - expected to double or triple in the next few years • New and specialized Ptychography, magnetism… ...
... • Phase-contrast imaging Phase contrast always involves some degree of coherence we will discuss how much later • X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy Two dedicated beam lines now - expected to double or triple in the next few years • New and specialized Ptychography, magnetism… ...
The Critical Angle and Beyond - The Society of Vacuum Coaters
... The mean power transported by a plane harmonic light wave is proportional to the product of the electric and magnetic field amplitudes and the cosine of their phase difference. The wave that is evanescent in the z-direction does have components of both electric and magnetic field in the x-y plane bu ...
... The mean power transported by a plane harmonic light wave is proportional to the product of the electric and magnetic field amplitudes and the cosine of their phase difference. The wave that is evanescent in the z-direction does have components of both electric and magnetic field in the x-y plane bu ...
6,
... a holographic optical element allows an analysis similar to that of conventional optical systems. From the conceptual point of view of operation, the difference between the holographic optical element (HOE) and the conventional optical element (COE) lies in the fact that the former works by diffract ...
... a holographic optical element allows an analysis similar to that of conventional optical systems. From the conceptual point of view of operation, the difference between the holographic optical element (HOE) and the conventional optical element (COE) lies in the fact that the former works by diffract ...
Comparison of simplified theories in the analysis of the diffraction
... different optical components, such as binary phase gratings and triangular gratings. Specifically, the gratings have been studied in the resonance domain having periods ranging from one to ten wavelengths. Binary phase gratings are of wide interest owing to many applications in quantum electronics, ...
... different optical components, such as binary phase gratings and triangular gratings. Specifically, the gratings have been studied in the resonance domain having periods ranging from one to ten wavelengths. Binary phase gratings are of wide interest owing to many applications in quantum electronics, ...
Introduction to Diffraction Grating
... The overall efficiency of the gratings depends on several application-specific parameters such as wavelength, polarization, and angle of incidence of the incoming light. The efficiency is also affected by the grating design parameters such as blaze angle for the ruled gratings and profile depth for ...
... The overall efficiency of the gratings depends on several application-specific parameters such as wavelength, polarization, and angle of incidence of the incoming light. The efficiency is also affected by the grating design parameters such as blaze angle for the ruled gratings and profile depth for ...
Measurement of The Nonlinear Refractive Index by Z
... of the sample there is the complex electric field Ee which contains the nonlinear phase distortion. We use the Gaussian decomposition (GD) method, in which the complex electric field at the exit plane of the sample is decomposed into a summation of Gaussian beams through a Taylor series expansion of ...
... of the sample there is the complex electric field Ee which contains the nonlinear phase distortion. We use the Gaussian decomposition (GD) method, in which the complex electric field at the exit plane of the sample is decomposed into a summation of Gaussian beams through a Taylor series expansion of ...
Deep Horizontal Atmospheric Turbulence Modeling and Simulation with a Liquid
... We investigate the performance of a Liquid Crystal (LC) Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) as an optical device for generating high intensity atmospheric turbulence in the laboratory. The experimental setup represents long range horizontal beam propagation at a low altitude where the conditions of atmosp ...
... We investigate the performance of a Liquid Crystal (LC) Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) as an optical device for generating high intensity atmospheric turbulence in the laboratory. The experimental setup represents long range horizontal beam propagation at a low altitude where the conditions of atmosp ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... Core group: usually aromatic or alicyclic; to make the structure linear and rigid Linker: maintaining the linearity and polarizability anisotropic. Terminal Chain: usually aliphatic chain, linear but soft so that the melting point could be reduced. Without significant destroy the LC phase. Note that ...
... Core group: usually aromatic or alicyclic; to make the structure linear and rigid Linker: maintaining the linearity and polarizability anisotropic. Terminal Chain: usually aliphatic chain, linear but soft so that the melting point could be reduced. Without significant destroy the LC phase. Note that ...
Low-Complexity Velocity Estimation in High
... We simulate IFD data that represents a blood vessel of 200 µm radius with its center in the center of the image. The image size is 100 × 100 pixels, with each pixel being 10 × 10 µm. All of the results are obtained using data simulated via the physical model in (1) and reconstructed via the AMFM mod ...
... We simulate IFD data that represents a blood vessel of 200 µm radius with its center in the center of the image. The image size is 100 × 100 pixels, with each pixel being 10 × 10 µm. All of the results are obtained using data simulated via the physical model in (1) and reconstructed via the AMFM mod ...
Dense plasma diagnostics with an amplitude-division soft-x-ray laser
... obtaining good fringe visibility. Elongated grazingincidence mirrors are placed on the zero- and the firstorder arms to redirect the light toward the second grating, which recombines the beams to generate the interference pattern. We can adjust the fringe spacing and the orientation by changing the ...
... obtaining good fringe visibility. Elongated grazingincidence mirrors are placed on the zero- and the firstorder arms to redirect the light toward the second grating, which recombines the beams to generate the interference pattern. We can adjust the fringe spacing and the orientation by changing the ...
10.3.2.1.1 Spectral apparatus An optical arrangement or an
... both dimensions, i.e., length and width in the same focal plane, it is called a stigmatic arrangement or when the focal planes are different in the two dimensions, astigmatic. When the radiation passes through the same optical components before and after being dispersed, the spectral system is autoc ...
... both dimensions, i.e., length and width in the same focal plane, it is called a stigmatic arrangement or when the focal planes are different in the two dimensions, astigmatic. When the radiation passes through the same optical components before and after being dispersed, the spectral system is autoc ...
Relativistic corrections in displacement measuring
... In our ongoing studies of errors that degrade interferometer performance we noticed that so far no attention has been paid to relativistic effects, presumably due to the comparatively small stage velocities involved. However, high sample stage velocities are desirable for higher throughput in volume ...
... In our ongoing studies of errors that degrade interferometer performance we noticed that so far no attention has been paid to relativistic effects, presumably due to the comparatively small stage velocities involved. However, high sample stage velocities are desirable for higher throughput in volume ...
Novel 3-D microscopy techniques - Purdue University Cytometry
... submicrometer resolution down to a depth of a few hundred microns. • 2-p microscopy separates excitation and emission light more effectively • All the emitted photons from multi-photon excitation can be used for imaging (in principle) therefore no confocal blocking apertures have to be used. ...
... submicrometer resolution down to a depth of a few hundred microns. • 2-p microscopy separates excitation and emission light more effectively • All the emitted photons from multi-photon excitation can be used for imaging (in principle) therefore no confocal blocking apertures have to be used. ...
Application of Digital Phase-shift Shadow Moiré to Micro
... Moiré techniques are straightforward methods for contactless non-destructive metrological measurements. Moiré topography in particular is a widely used means for shape contouring of three-dimensional objects. In general Moiré topography can be classified into two main categories: projection Moiré an ...
... Moiré techniques are straightforward methods for contactless non-destructive metrological measurements. Moiré topography in particular is a widely used means for shape contouring of three-dimensional objects. In general Moiré topography can be classified into two main categories: projection Moiré an ...
principles of recording image-matrix holographic stereogram
... The calculation task is to define the condition that a particular pixel of a hologram would direct a given spectral part of diffracted light towards the observer. The observer can see diffracted light from each element of a hologram only at a certain angle; and the total perception of diffraction of ...
... The calculation task is to define the condition that a particular pixel of a hologram would direct a given spectral part of diffracted light towards the observer. The observer can see diffracted light from each element of a hologram only at a certain angle; and the total perception of diffraction of ...
Total 3D imaging of phase objects using defocusing microscopy
... RBCs separated by axial distances down to 300 nm. Transparent objects that would be invisible in a standard bright-field optical microscope can turn visible by defocusing the microscope, since the act of defocusing introduces a phase difference between the diffracted orders and the non-diffracted tr ...
... RBCs separated by axial distances down to 300 nm. Transparent objects that would be invisible in a standard bright-field optical microscope can turn visible by defocusing the microscope, since the act of defocusing introduces a phase difference between the diffracted orders and the non-diffracted tr ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).