![Moored observations of upper-ocean response to the monsoons in](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/015736775_1-21e3019d1844338b07ae98075140e988-300x300.png)
Moored observations of upper-ocean response to the monsoons in
... XBT survey, consisting of concentric diamond patterns, spanning scales of from 70 to 10 km, found little spatial variability within the mixed layer. Mixed layer temperatures varied by less than 1.21C over the 2500 km2 area. Below the base of the thermocline, temperatures varied by less than 1.51C, 1 ...
... XBT survey, consisting of concentric diamond patterns, spanning scales of from 70 to 10 km, found little spatial variability within the mixed layer. Mixed layer temperatures varied by less than 1.21C over the 2500 km2 area. Below the base of the thermocline, temperatures varied by less than 1.51C, 1 ...
State of the Environment | South Australia | 2013
... biodiversity and ecosystem services. They are also easily accessible to humans. South Australia’s coastal, estuarine and marine ecosystems provide a large number of ecosystem services that have yet to be quantified. Provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services include food supply, biop ...
... biodiversity and ecosystem services. They are also easily accessible to humans. South Australia’s coastal, estuarine and marine ecosystems provide a large number of ecosystem services that have yet to be quantified. Provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services include food supply, biop ...
Persistent Leatherback Turtle Migrations Present
... turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the eastern Pacific have declined by .90% during the past two decades, primarily due to unsustainable egg harvest and fisheries bycatch mortality. While research and conservation efforts on nesting beaches are ongoing, relatively little is known about this populatio ...
... turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the eastern Pacific have declined by .90% during the past two decades, primarily due to unsustainable egg harvest and fisheries bycatch mortality. While research and conservation efforts on nesting beaches are ongoing, relatively little is known about this populatio ...
monitoring indicators for the tarium niryutait marine
... from the Mackenzie River and resulting concentrations of nutrients, carbon, suspended mineral sediments and contaminants, as well as water temperatures, play vital roles in defining physical and biological conditions within the TNMPA. The presence of ice, largely consisting of grounded or land-fast ...
... from the Mackenzie River and resulting concentrations of nutrients, carbon, suspended mineral sediments and contaminants, as well as water temperatures, play vital roles in defining physical and biological conditions within the TNMPA. The presence of ice, largely consisting of grounded or land-fast ...
COASTAL AND MARINE STRATEGY
... needed to support conservation action in the marine realm are similar to those used in terrestrial and freshwater realms. In general, marine conservation practitioners require information about vulnerable species and ecosystems, where they are located, their risk of extinction, the major threats to ...
... needed to support conservation action in the marine realm are similar to those used in terrestrial and freshwater realms. In general, marine conservation practitioners require information about vulnerable species and ecosystems, where they are located, their risk of extinction, the major threats to ...
583 RADIOCARBON IN THE WATER COLUMN OF THE
... Radiocarbon enters the ocean through air-sea CO2 gas exchange, with an equilibration time of 7 to 10 yr. It mainly exists as dissolved inorganic carbonic acid in seawater. Due to its radioactive decay, dissolved inorganic 14C (DI14C) in the ocean decreases from the time it enters the ocean, allowing ...
... Radiocarbon enters the ocean through air-sea CO2 gas exchange, with an equilibration time of 7 to 10 yr. It mainly exists as dissolved inorganic carbonic acid in seawater. Due to its radioactive decay, dissolved inorganic 14C (DI14C) in the ocean decreases from the time it enters the ocean, allowing ...
the impact of dredging works in coastal waters
... 1988) reports that recovery of communities within the Arctic Circle may take more than 12 yr compared with estimates of approximately 3yr for deposits off the coast of the Netherlands. Similar extended timescales for recolonization by the benthic community have been reported for Antarctic waters by ...
... 1988) reports that recovery of communities within the Arctic Circle may take more than 12 yr compared with estimates of approximately 3yr for deposits off the coast of the Netherlands. Similar extended timescales for recolonization by the benthic community have been reported for Antarctic waters by ...
Review of Soundings: The Story of the Remarkable Woman Who Mapped the Ocean Floor by Hali Felt
... dubbed “Tharpophiles.” Yet Felt recreated scenes from her life as if there as a witness, often describing in great and intimate detail what Tharp might have been thinking at many critical junctures. I normally do not pay much attention to the notes section of a book. But this is a work where I would ...
... dubbed “Tharpophiles.” Yet Felt recreated scenes from her life as if there as a witness, often describing in great and intimate detail what Tharp might have been thinking at many critical junctures. I normally do not pay much attention to the notes section of a book. But this is a work where I would ...
the southern ocean observing system
... demonstrated that sustained observations of the Southern Ocean are feasible. For example, repeat hydrographic sections have been used to quantify the evolving ocean inventory of heat and carbon, to demonstrate that changes are occurring throughout the full depth of the Southern Ocean, and to provide ...
... demonstrated that sustained observations of the Southern Ocean are feasible. For example, repeat hydrographic sections have been used to quantify the evolving ocean inventory of heat and carbon, to demonstrate that changes are occurring throughout the full depth of the Southern Ocean, and to provide ...
The Southern Ocean Observing System
... demonstrated that sustained observations of the Southern Ocean are feasible. For example, repeat hydrographic sections have been used to quantify the evolving ocean inventory of heat and carbon, to demonstrate that changes are occurring throughout the full depth of the Southern Ocean, and to provide ...
... demonstrated that sustained observations of the Southern Ocean are feasible. For example, repeat hydrographic sections have been used to quantify the evolving ocean inventory of heat and carbon, to demonstrate that changes are occurring throughout the full depth of the Southern Ocean, and to provide ...
Beyond the ocean: Contamination of freshwater ecosystems with
... 5,018.75 particles/m2, far greater than the highest concentration reported in lakeshore sediments of ...
... 5,018.75 particles/m2, far greater than the highest concentration reported in lakeshore sediments of ...
Review of Ocean Literacy in European Maritime Policy
... anticipated that creating a more ocean literate society in Europe will result in increased interest in, understanding of and engagement with marine policy. This is in view of the fact that we are all users of the marine environment and therefore have a common interest in its sustainable use. Guest e ...
... anticipated that creating a more ocean literate society in Europe will result in increased interest in, understanding of and engagement with marine policy. This is in view of the fact that we are all users of the marine environment and therefore have a common interest in its sustainable use. Guest e ...
chapter 4 marine protected areas, marine spatial planning
... least 43 of the 70 phyla of life—the second-most general classification of life on Earth, signaling broad genetic diversity—are found in the oceans, and 45 percent of known phyla exist only in the oceans; UNESCO also suggests that at least half, and probably more, of all species live in the seas (UN ...
... least 43 of the 70 phyla of life—the second-most general classification of life on Earth, signaling broad genetic diversity—are found in the oceans, and 45 percent of known phyla exist only in the oceans; UNESCO also suggests that at least half, and probably more, of all species live in the seas (UN ...
First Census of Marine Life 2010: Highlights of a Decade of Discovery
... to the abyss, from the North Pole across tropics to the shores of Antarctica. It followed flying seabirds and collected cores from the seafloor. It ranged from the long past to the future. It systematically compiled information from new discoveries and historical archives and made it freely accessib ...
... to the abyss, from the North Pole across tropics to the shores of Antarctica. It followed flying seabirds and collected cores from the seafloor. It ranged from the long past to the future. It systematically compiled information from new discoveries and historical archives and made it freely accessib ...
Cell-free extracellular enzymatic activity is linked
... were longer (up to 40 d) when incubated in the dark at 4 ◦ C than at in situ conditions of light and temperature (Li et al., 1998). This is consistent with the only available study comparing cold deep versus warm surface waters EE lifetimes, where EE lifetimes were about 1 order of magnitude longer ...
... were longer (up to 40 d) when incubated in the dark at 4 ◦ C than at in situ conditions of light and temperature (Li et al., 1998). This is consistent with the only available study comparing cold deep versus warm surface waters EE lifetimes, where EE lifetimes were about 1 order of magnitude longer ...
The distribution of reactive iron in northern Gulf of Alaska coastal
... Coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Alaska (GoA) are considered iron-rich and nitrate-poor, in contrast to the iron-poor, high-nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) waters of the central GoA. The degree of mixing between these two regimes, enhanced by mesoscale eddies, is essential to the high producti ...
... Coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Alaska (GoA) are considered iron-rich and nitrate-poor, in contrast to the iron-poor, high-nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) waters of the central GoA. The degree of mixing between these two regimes, enhanced by mesoscale eddies, is essential to the high producti ...
Chapter 11 - Census of Marine Life Maps and Visualization
... patterns and non-circumpolar cryptic species The question of bipolar species experienced a renaissance under CAML. No doubt exists about the annual pole-topole migrations of the blue, humpback and fin whales as well as seabirds such as the Arctic tern. In addition, a bipolar occurrence of a few bent ...
... patterns and non-circumpolar cryptic species The question of bipolar species experienced a renaissance under CAML. No doubt exists about the annual pole-topole migrations of the blue, humpback and fin whales as well as seabirds such as the Arctic tern. In addition, a bipolar occurrence of a few bent ...
Full text in pdf format
... forests is usually controlled by wave action and tidal ranges (North 1971, Seymour et al. 1989). The offshore limit appears to be determined by different factors for the various species. M. integrifolia and M. angustifolla are restricted to shallow intertidal and subtidal areas (Table 1) and their l ...
... forests is usually controlled by wave action and tidal ranges (North 1971, Seymour et al. 1989). The offshore limit appears to be determined by different factors for the various species. M. integrifolia and M. angustifolla are restricted to shallow intertidal and subtidal areas (Table 1) and their l ...
investigation of the Red Sea circulation
... formation of the very saline outflowing water mass inside the basin, the buoyancy loss (mostly due to the large evaporation rate) has been thought by several investigators to be the basic controlling mechanism of the flow [Maury, 1855; Luksch, 1901; Neumann and McGill, 1962; Phillips, 1966; Tragou a ...
... formation of the very saline outflowing water mass inside the basin, the buoyancy loss (mostly due to the large evaporation rate) has been thought by several investigators to be the basic controlling mechanism of the flow [Maury, 1855; Luksch, 1901; Neumann and McGill, 1962; Phillips, 1966; Tragou a ...
National Strategy
... The NOS2013-2020 presents a new model of development of ocean and coastal areas that will allow Portugal to meet the challenges for the promotion, growth and competitiveness of the maritime economy, in particular, the important changes to the political and strategic framework at both European and Wo ...
... The NOS2013-2020 presents a new model of development of ocean and coastal areas that will allow Portugal to meet the challenges for the promotion, growth and competitiveness of the maritime economy, in particular, the important changes to the political and strategic framework at both European and Wo ...
Marine Protected Areas: Classification, Protection Standard and
... area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing methods have been used as a proxy for extraction from potential MPAs. ...
... area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing methods have been used as a proxy for extraction from potential MPAs. ...
IOC/WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium: Role of Ocean
... However in this model small and local features could not be reproduced. His second model with a coupling between tide and current reproduced some local features such as eddies and meanders. on top of the generally clockwise and anti-clockwise circulation in the Southwest and Northeast Monsoon season ...
... However in this model small and local features could not be reproduced. His second model with a coupling between tide and current reproduced some local features such as eddies and meanders. on top of the generally clockwise and anti-clockwise circulation in the Southwest and Northeast Monsoon season ...
The Lawless Sea? Policy Options for Voluntary Compliance
... a tendency towards unsustainable use of areas not owned by specific groups or individuals but for which there is common access, either legally or de facto (Hardin 1968). In such circumstances, no one group has a compelling interest to protect them if they are open to all comers, and so seek to maxim ...
... a tendency towards unsustainable use of areas not owned by specific groups or individuals but for which there is common access, either legally or de facto (Hardin 1968). In such circumstances, no one group has a compelling interest to protect them if they are open to all comers, and so seek to maxim ...
Climate change, fisheries, and aquaculture
... influence the function of ecosystems and the services they provide. Ecosystem services are the benefits that people derive from ecosystems, ranging from climate regulation to food production and recreation (e.g., Fisher et al. 2009). The variety, quantity, and spatial distribution of living things d ...
... influence the function of ecosystems and the services they provide. Ecosystem services are the benefits that people derive from ecosystems, ranging from climate regulation to food production and recreation (e.g., Fisher et al. 2009). The variety, quantity, and spatial distribution of living things d ...
thesis
... First and foremost, I would like to thank my two academic advisors without whom this thesis would not have been a reality. I would like to thank my primary advisor Katherine Richardson for giving me the opportunity to work within the very interesting and challenging topic of phytoplankton macroecolo ...
... First and foremost, I would like to thank my two academic advisors without whom this thesis would not have been a reality. I would like to thank my primary advisor Katherine Richardson for giving me the opportunity to work within the very interesting and challenging topic of phytoplankton macroecolo ...
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/North_Pacific_Subtropical_Convergence_Zone.jpg?width=300)
The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is the largest contiguous ecosystem on earth. In oceanography, a subtropical gyre is a ring-like system of ocean currents rotating clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere caused by the Coriolis Effect. They generally form in large open ocean areas that lie between land masses.The NPSG is the largest of the gyres as well as the largest ecosystem on our planet. Like other subtropical gyres, it has a high-pressure zone in its center. Circulation around the center is clockwise around this high-pressure zone. Subtropical gyres make up 40% of the Earth’s surface and play critical roles in carbon fixation and nutrient cycling. This particular gyre covers most of the Pacific Ocean and comprises four prevailing ocean currents: the North Pacific Current to the north, the California Current to the east, the North Equatorial Current to the south, and the Kuroshio Current to the west. Its large size and distance from shore has caused the NPSG to be poorly sampled and thus poorly understood.The life processes in open-ocean ecosystems are a sink for the atmosphere’s increasing CO2. Gyres make up a large proportion, approximately 75%, of what we refer to as the open ocean, or the area of the ocean that does not consist of coastal areas. They are considered oligotrophic, or nutrient poor because they are far from terrestrial runoff. These regions were once thought to be homogenous and static habitats. However, there is increasing evidence that the NPSG exhibits substantial physical, chemical, and biological variability on a variety of time scales. Specifically, the NPSG exhibits seasonal and interannual variations in primary productivity (simply defined as the production of new plant material), which is important for the uptake of CO2.The NPSG is not only a sink for CO2 in the atmosphere, but also other pollutants. As a direct result of this circular pattern, gyres act like giant whirlpools and become traps for anthropogenic pollutants, such as marine debris. The NPSG has become recognized for the large quantity of plastic debris floating just below the surface in the center of the gyre. This area has recently received a lot of media attention and is commonly referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.