Auditory Brain Development in Children With Hearing Loss– Part One
... We have yet to develop a full understanding of exactly how range of duration of deafness (1 to 48 years). As shown in and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerarea ...
... We have yet to develop a full understanding of exactly how range of duration of deafness (1 to 48 years). As shown in and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerarea ...
1 1 THE CEREBRAL CORTEX Parcellation of the cerebral cortex
... temporal lobe is expansive and is divisible into several regions by sulci that course in an anteroposterior direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral f ...
... temporal lobe is expansive and is divisible into several regions by sulci that course in an anteroposterior direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral f ...
cortex
... direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral fissure. The auditory cortex, areas 41 and 42, are located on the upper bank of the superior temporal gyrus w ...
... direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral fissure. The auditory cortex, areas 41 and 42, are located on the upper bank of the superior temporal gyrus w ...
pylyshyn_index
... Frame problem for spatial properties, ameliorated by literal spatial display158 Frame of reference ...
... Frame problem for spatial properties, ameliorated by literal spatial display158 Frame of reference ...
The Information Processing Mechanism of the Brain
... computer brings about the calculations and actions of the computer. 1. THE FORMAT OF INFORMATION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 1.1 Patterns of neural activity If we look at a TV screen, up close with a magnifying glass, we see dots. Red, blue and green dots. The dots vary in luminosity, they flicker ...
... computer brings about the calculations and actions of the computer. 1. THE FORMAT OF INFORMATION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 1.1 Patterns of neural activity If we look at a TV screen, up close with a magnifying glass, we see dots. Red, blue and green dots. The dots vary in luminosity, they flicker ...
The concept of a reflex
... An autonomic reflex arc is similar to the somatic kind, but differs principally in the motor output side. The sensory side is similar in that a transducer, 1, sends a signal via a nerve fiber (2, drawn in blue) into the CNS. As with the somatic arc, this sensory fiber is associated with a pseudo-un ...
... An autonomic reflex arc is similar to the somatic kind, but differs principally in the motor output side. The sensory side is similar in that a transducer, 1, sends a signal via a nerve fiber (2, drawn in blue) into the CNS. As with the somatic arc, this sensory fiber is associated with a pseudo-un ...
Neurophysiological Aspects of Song Pattern Recognition and Sound
... show a distinctly higher variance compared to the other stimulus type (Fig. 5B). This increase in variance could counteract the mean gain in latency. In order to quantitatively assess the interaction of these two factors, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed. In this simulation the probabilities o ...
... show a distinctly higher variance compared to the other stimulus type (Fig. 5B). This increase in variance could counteract the mean gain in latency. In order to quantitatively assess the interaction of these two factors, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed. In this simulation the probabilities o ...
The Human Mirror Neuron System and Embodied
... These studies revealed two distinct classes of neurons: canonical neurons and mirror neurons. Canonical neurons are primarily found along the posterior bank of the arcuate sulcus (F5ab) and are associated with the execution of motor actions. They also respond when the animal is presented with graspa ...
... These studies revealed two distinct classes of neurons: canonical neurons and mirror neurons. Canonical neurons are primarily found along the posterior bank of the arcuate sulcus (F5ab) and are associated with the execution of motor actions. They also respond when the animal is presented with graspa ...
Visual speech circuits in profound acquired
... months of deafness, from those expressing compensation, i.e. performance-related activity. Nine deaf patients (7 women, age; mean SE. = 50.2 4.8) and control subjects performed equally well in a visual speechreading task but deaf patients activated the left posterior superior temporal cortex mor ...
... months of deafness, from those expressing compensation, i.e. performance-related activity. Nine deaf patients (7 women, age; mean SE. = 50.2 4.8) and control subjects performed equally well in a visual speechreading task but deaf patients activated the left posterior superior temporal cortex mor ...
Neural correlates for perception of 3d surface orientation from texture
... disparity signals have been found in the parietal (11, 12) and temporal (13, 14) association cortices. However, binocular disparity is not the only cue for depth perception, because we can perceive depth even with one eye closed. Gibson (15) has proposed that texture gradient is an important cue for ...
... disparity signals have been found in the parietal (11, 12) and temporal (13, 14) association cortices. However, binocular disparity is not the only cue for depth perception, because we can perceive depth even with one eye closed. Gibson (15) has proposed that texture gradient is an important cue for ...
primary cortex - u.arizona.edu
... coordinate the activity of structures at various levels of the sensorimotor system ...
... coordinate the activity of structures at various levels of the sensorimotor system ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... distributions of best ITDs would match IC data from bilaterally implanted cats [2]. We also measured ITD JNDs as a function of reference ITD in two bilaterally-implanted human subjects. We found that JNDs increase as the reference ITD moves away from the midline as in normal hearing, although the me ...
... distributions of best ITDs would match IC data from bilaterally implanted cats [2]. We also measured ITD JNDs as a function of reference ITD in two bilaterally-implanted human subjects. We found that JNDs increase as the reference ITD moves away from the midline as in normal hearing, although the me ...
What Are Emotional States, and Why Do We
... noxious stimuli. 4. Communication. Monkeys, for example, may communicate their emotional state to others, for instance by making face expressions (such as an open-mouth threat to indicate the extent to which they are willing to compete for resources), and this may influence the behaviour of other a ...
... noxious stimuli. 4. Communication. Monkeys, for example, may communicate their emotional state to others, for instance by making face expressions (such as an open-mouth threat to indicate the extent to which they are willing to compete for resources), and this may influence the behaviour of other a ...
High-Level Visual Processing: Cognitive Influences
... he images projected onto the retina are generally complex dynamic patterns of light of varying intensity and color. As we have seen, low-level visual processing is responsible for detection of various types of contrast in these images (see ...
... he images projected onto the retina are generally complex dynamic patterns of light of varying intensity and color. As we have seen, low-level visual processing is responsible for detection of various types of contrast in these images (see ...
Umami, a taste unto itself
... quality was hotly debated in academic conferences and research publications, with the alternative viewpoint being that umami was simply a synthesis of other fundamental qualities such as salty and sweet. Whether umami is a fundamental independent taste quality is an important question because it bea ...
... quality was hotly debated in academic conferences and research publications, with the alternative viewpoint being that umami was simply a synthesis of other fundamental qualities such as salty and sweet. Whether umami is a fundamental independent taste quality is an important question because it bea ...
Attitudes and Evaluation 1 Attitudes and Evaluation
... explicit processes has been important. Here we consider recent evidence that either or both of these two simple ways of conceptualizing components of attitudes are reflected in identifiable neural areas or circuits. In addition, we also briefly consider the relation between attitudes and emotion, wh ...
... explicit processes has been important. Here we consider recent evidence that either or both of these two simple ways of conceptualizing components of attitudes are reflected in identifiable neural areas or circuits. In addition, we also briefly consider the relation between attitudes and emotion, wh ...
Selective visual attention and perceptual coherence
... when they are presented in a single RF, and component object features are coded by anatomically distributed neuronal activity. Recent research has shown that selective attention coordinates the activity of neurons to resolve competition and link distributed object representations. We refer to this e ...
... when they are presented in a single RF, and component object features are coded by anatomically distributed neuronal activity. Recent research has shown that selective attention coordinates the activity of neurons to resolve competition and link distributed object representations. We refer to this e ...
A Dynamic Field Theory of Visual Recognition in Infant Looking... Gregor Schöner Sammy Perone () and John P. Spencer ()
... familiar feature values (e.g., ear length, nose width, etc.) is broad and encompasses feature values associated with outof-category exemplars. The autoencoder recognizes a novel category exemplar as familiar if it can reproduce its inputs, and similarly, the network described here recognizes a novel ...
... familiar feature values (e.g., ear length, nose width, etc.) is broad and encompasses feature values associated with outof-category exemplars. The autoencoder recognizes a novel category exemplar as familiar if it can reproduce its inputs, and similarly, the network described here recognizes a novel ...
Chapter 4 The role of the sensory
... performing silent movements of the lips as miming consonant–vowel syllables (motor experiment), articulation of tongue related phonemes (articulation experiment) and in listening a stream of consonant-vowel syllables (speech perception experiment). Results indicate that the perception of speech duri ...
... performing silent movements of the lips as miming consonant–vowel syllables (motor experiment), articulation of tongue related phonemes (articulation experiment) and in listening a stream of consonant-vowel syllables (speech perception experiment). Results indicate that the perception of speech duri ...
cortex
... direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral fissure. The auditory cortex, areas 41 and 42, are located on the upper bank of the superior temporal gyrus w ...
... direction. The superior temporal sulcus is a prominent feature, and parallels the lateral fissure for much of its course. The superior temporal gyrus lies between this sulcus and the lateral fissure. The auditory cortex, areas 41 and 42, are located on the upper bank of the superior temporal gyrus w ...
the organization of the arthropod central nervous system
... anterior portion to stimulation of the anterior sensory fields. In other cases similar sectioning will result in a posterior portion which responds only to stimulation on the same side and posterior to the cut, while the anterior portion responds to all other fields, including heterolateral posterio ...
... anterior portion to stimulation of the anterior sensory fields. In other cases similar sectioning will result in a posterior portion which responds only to stimulation on the same side and posterior to the cut, while the anterior portion responds to all other fields, including heterolateral posterio ...
Impact on Perception, Attention, and Memory
... the amygdala may facilitate attention and perception in the presence of emotional stimuli by modulating processing in sensory cortices. Consistent with this, functional brain imaging studies have shown amygdala involvement in the enhancement of responses to emotional stimuli in the visual cortex. Mo ...
... the amygdala may facilitate attention and perception in the presence of emotional stimuli by modulating processing in sensory cortices. Consistent with this, functional brain imaging studies have shown amygdala involvement in the enhancement of responses to emotional stimuli in the visual cortex. Mo ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... with the intensity but not the pleasantness of the thermal stimuli (Rolls et al., 2008b). A principle thus appears to be that processing related to the affective value and associated subjective emotional experience of somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in ...
... with the intensity but not the pleasantness of the thermal stimuli (Rolls et al., 2008b). A principle thus appears to be that processing related to the affective value and associated subjective emotional experience of somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in ...
Effects of the Listening Context on the Audience`s Perceptions of
... and affective information transmitted by the performer, unlike our findings in a video-recorded performance (Shoda & Adachi, 2012b). Perhaps, a variety of factors associated with a live performance (e.g., the pianist’s body movement, the pianist’s facial expressions, the audience’s pre-performance e ...
... and affective information transmitted by the performer, unlike our findings in a video-recorded performance (Shoda & Adachi, 2012b). Perhaps, a variety of factors associated with a live performance (e.g., the pianist’s body movement, the pianist’s facial expressions, the audience’s pre-performance e ...
Phantom Limbs and Neural Plasticity
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
Perception
""Percept"", ""perceptual"", ""perceptible"" and ""imperceptible"" redirect here. For the Brian Blade album, see Perceptual (album). For the perceptibility of digital watermarks, see Digital watermarking#Perceptibility. For other uses, see Perception (disambiguation) and Percept (disambiguation).Perception (from the Latin perceptio, percipio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but is shaped by learning, memory, expectation, and attention.Perception can be split into two processes Firstly processing sensory input which transforms these low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). Secondly processing which is connected with person's concept and expectations (knowledge), and selective mechanisms (attention) that influence perception.Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness.Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th Century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. Sensory neuroscience studies the brain mechanisms underlying perception. Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process. Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver.Although the senses were traditionally viewed as passive receptors, the study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input. There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary.The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying. Human and animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information. Some of these modules take the form of sensory maps, mapping some aspect of the world across part of the brain's surface. These different modules are interconnected and influence each other. For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell.