The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of
... a single organ or a collection of ‘mental modules’, it becomes apparent that this one anatomic structure of neurons can create an astounding number of spatiotemporal patterns, making the brain a network of high complexity (Sporns, 2011; Bullmore and Sporns, 2012; Rigotti et al., 2013). Natural selec ...
... a single organ or a collection of ‘mental modules’, it becomes apparent that this one anatomic structure of neurons can create an astounding number of spatiotemporal patterns, making the brain a network of high complexity (Sporns, 2011; Bullmore and Sporns, 2012; Rigotti et al., 2013). Natural selec ...
Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in Auditory Cortex Is an NMDA
... and the MMN is found. – First, during an oddball paradigm with frequency deviants, neuronal responses showed clear SSA but failed to encode novelty in a manner analogous to the human MMN. – Second, oddball paradigms using intensity or duration deviants revealed a pattern of unit responses that showe ...
... and the MMN is found. – First, during an oddball paradigm with frequency deviants, neuronal responses showed clear SSA but failed to encode novelty in a manner analogous to the human MMN. – Second, oddball paradigms using intensity or duration deviants revealed a pattern of unit responses that showe ...
Local Field Potential in the Visual System
... signals in the visual cortex are of local origin is a subject of current debate. On the one hand, various evidence related to EEG recordings suggests that volume conduction can occur, and electrical signals can be picked up in scalp recordings from sources that are known to be far away from the reco ...
... signals in the visual cortex are of local origin is a subject of current debate. On the one hand, various evidence related to EEG recordings suggests that volume conduction can occur, and electrical signals can be picked up in scalp recordings from sources that are known to be far away from the reco ...
Sensory uncertainty decoded from visual cortex
... Using fMRI in combination with a generative model-based analysis, we found that probability distributions reflecting sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The ...
... Using fMRI in combination with a generative model-based analysis, we found that probability distributions reflecting sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The ...
How different are the visual representations used for object
... logical expression with multiple parts is determined not just by the meanings of those parts but the way they are put together. In addition to language, compositionality is found is a diverse range of other entities in the world. In our interactions with objects the perception of compositionality ca ...
... logical expression with multiple parts is determined not just by the meanings of those parts but the way they are put together. In addition to language, compositionality is found is a diverse range of other entities in the world. In our interactions with objects the perception of compositionality ca ...
Research paper: Perceptual and Visual Void on the Architectural
... concept of void is addressed in relation to the architectural form. Voids in architectural form are classified into two main headings by examining a great number of examples in terms of the effects created on the form: cognitive and functional. Cognitive voids are related to perception and are used ...
... concept of void is addressed in relation to the architectural form. Voids in architectural form are classified into two main headings by examining a great number of examples in terms of the effects created on the form: cognitive and functional. Cognitive voids are related to perception and are used ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... 1.1.2 Effect of reverberation on azimuth sensitivity throughout the tonotopic axis While human listeners rely primarily on low-frequency ITD cues for localizing a broadband sound source in an anechoic environment [14], they are likely to use whatever cues are the most robust in challenging listening ...
... 1.1.2 Effect of reverberation on azimuth sensitivity throughout the tonotopic axis While human listeners rely primarily on low-frequency ITD cues for localizing a broadband sound source in an anechoic environment [14], they are likely to use whatever cues are the most robust in challenging listening ...
primary motor cortex
... Most complicated cortical region Involved with intellect, cognition, recall and personality Contains working memory needed for judgment, reasoning and conscience Development depends on feedback from social environment ...
... Most complicated cortical region Involved with intellect, cognition, recall and personality Contains working memory needed for judgment, reasoning and conscience Development depends on feedback from social environment ...
Computational themes of peripheral processing
... encoding, and object recognition (contribution Kostarakos and Hedwig). The transition from the encoding of physical cues to perceptual categories may be particularly fast in insects (Hildebrandt 2014), offering the opportunity to study peripheral preprocessing in a confined part of the pathway. Desp ...
... encoding, and object recognition (contribution Kostarakos and Hedwig). The transition from the encoding of physical cues to perceptual categories may be particularly fast in insects (Hildebrandt 2014), offering the opportunity to study peripheral preprocessing in a confined part of the pathway. Desp ...
Kandel chs. 17, 18 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... mechanisms to allow successful performance of the behavior. The amygdala also activates the hypothalamus to motivate the player to hit a good shot. B. To execute the shot the player must use all of the structures illustrated in A as well as others. The player's motor cortex must send signals to the ...
... mechanisms to allow successful performance of the behavior. The amygdala also activates the hypothalamus to motivate the player to hit a good shot. B. To execute the shot the player must use all of the structures illustrated in A as well as others. The player's motor cortex must send signals to the ...
Representation of naturalistic image structure in the primate visual
... visible objects are different and far apart, they are forms. To the extent that they are similar and congregated they are a texture. A man has form; a crowd has man-texture. A leaf has form; an arbor has leaf-texture, and so on.” Bela Julesz pioneered the statistical characterization of visual textu ...
... visible objects are different and far apart, they are forms. To the extent that they are similar and congregated they are a texture. A man has form; a crowd has man-texture. A leaf has form; an arbor has leaf-texture, and so on.” Bela Julesz pioneered the statistical characterization of visual textu ...
Rate versus Temporal Coding Models
... INTRODUCTION All theories about how the brain functions are based on the idea that information is represented by the electrical activity of neurons. The question of how neurons represent information is therefore fundamental to all branches of neuroscience. What is the neural code of information, and ...
... INTRODUCTION All theories about how the brain functions are based on the idea that information is represented by the electrical activity of neurons. The question of how neurons represent information is therefore fundamental to all branches of neuroscience. What is the neural code of information, and ...
Visuomotor development
... 1987; Cliff, 1990). Research carried out on understanding simpler animals behavior indicated that all sensorimotor systems interact with their immediate surroundings by forming a closed loop with the environment (Cliff, 1995). It was suggested that: • Sensorimotor pathways generating adaptive behavi ...
... 1987; Cliff, 1990). Research carried out on understanding simpler animals behavior indicated that all sensorimotor systems interact with their immediate surroundings by forming a closed loop with the environment (Cliff, 1995). It was suggested that: • Sensorimotor pathways generating adaptive behavi ...
Implications on visual apperception: energy, duration
... equilibrium (Qian and Beard, 2005) that make possible to pick up extreme weak different information from the outside world. The sensory systems, which are results of nonlinear biochemical processes of cells, have extreme sensitivity to pick up diverse information from the external world. Blindsight ...
... equilibrium (Qian and Beard, 2005) that make possible to pick up extreme weak different information from the outside world. The sensory systems, which are results of nonlinear biochemical processes of cells, have extreme sensitivity to pick up diverse information from the external world. Blindsight ...
The dual-pathway model of auditory signal
... the right inferior frontal gyrus had greater activation associated with the pitch judgment. Conversely, selectively processing sound locations was associated with the enhanced blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal in bilateral posterior temporal areas, inferior and superior parietal cortices co ...
... the right inferior frontal gyrus had greater activation associated with the pitch judgment. Conversely, selectively processing sound locations was associated with the enhanced blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal in bilateral posterior temporal areas, inferior and superior parietal cortices co ...
Understanding mirror neurons: a bio-robotic
... Our model of area F5 revolves around two concepts that are likely related to the evolution and development of this unique area of the brain. Firstly, we posit that the mirror neuron system did not appear brand new in the brain but evolved from a preexisting structure devoted solely to the control of ...
... Our model of area F5 revolves around two concepts that are likely related to the evolution and development of this unique area of the brain. Firstly, we posit that the mirror neuron system did not appear brand new in the brain but evolved from a preexisting structure devoted solely to the control of ...
Poulet etal - Cornell University
... modulated by neural signals that feedforward from motor to sensory networks during behaviour (Grüsser 1986). In 1950 two papers furthered modern thinking about these concepts and termed the feedforward signals ‘‘corollary discharges’’ or ‘‘efference copies’’ (Sperry 1950; von Holst and Mittelstaedt ...
... modulated by neural signals that feedforward from motor to sensory networks during behaviour (Grüsser 1986). In 1950 two papers furthered modern thinking about these concepts and termed the feedforward signals ‘‘corollary discharges’’ or ‘‘efference copies’’ (Sperry 1950; von Holst and Mittelstaedt ...
Seeing faces and objects with the “mind`s eye”
... study has shown that the precuneus, which mediates memory-related imagery (Fletcher et al., 1995), is also activated during hypnosis, suggesting that such a state of enhanced self-monitoring is achieved by control of motor responses by internal representations (Cojan et al., 2009). It therefore seem ...
... study has shown that the precuneus, which mediates memory-related imagery (Fletcher et al., 1995), is also activated during hypnosis, suggesting that such a state of enhanced self-monitoring is achieved by control of motor responses by internal representations (Cojan et al., 2009). It therefore seem ...
Emergence of new signal-primitives in neural systems
... being. There are two fundamental, but complementary, conceptions of emergence: combinatoric emergence, wherein novelty arises by new combinations of pre-existing elements, and creative emergence, wherein novelty arises by de novo creation of new kinds of elements. Combinatoric emergence is exemplifi ...
... being. There are two fundamental, but complementary, conceptions of emergence: combinatoric emergence, wherein novelty arises by new combinations of pre-existing elements, and creative emergence, wherein novelty arises by de novo creation of new kinds of elements. Combinatoric emergence is exemplifi ...
Perceptual Biases and Mate Choice
... habitat differences and olfactory receptor genes across 50 mammalian genomes (Hayden et al. 2010). Overall, these environmentally correlated changes in receptor properties, be they visual, auditory, or olfactory, serve as an initial filter or lens that constrains mate choice processes. After transduc ...
... habitat differences and olfactory receptor genes across 50 mammalian genomes (Hayden et al. 2010). Overall, these environmentally correlated changes in receptor properties, be they visual, auditory, or olfactory, serve as an initial filter or lens that constrains mate choice processes. After transduc ...
Finding a face in the crowd: parallel and serial neural mechanisms
... spotlight would track across the page, checking each object within its ‘‘field of illumination’’ against a mental image of Waldo. Another possibility is that the brain takes in the entire page at once and gradually zooms in on relevant features such as color and shape (parallel processing). In this m ...
... spotlight would track across the page, checking each object within its ‘‘field of illumination’’ against a mental image of Waldo. Another possibility is that the brain takes in the entire page at once and gradually zooms in on relevant features such as color and shape (parallel processing). In this m ...
Chapter 45: Sensory Systems
... Stimuli that Distort Membranes • The basilar membrane running down the center of the cochlea is distorted at specific locations depending on the frequency of the pressure wave. • These distortions cause bending of hair cells in the organ of Corti, which rests on the basilar ...
... Stimuli that Distort Membranes • The basilar membrane running down the center of the cochlea is distorted at specific locations depending on the frequency of the pressure wave. • These distortions cause bending of hair cells in the organ of Corti, which rests on the basilar ...
Is neocortex essentially multisensory?
... influences are integral to primary as well as higher-order cortical operations. Although chemosensory processes are not considered here, it is noteworthy that pervasive multisensory interactions are also characteristic of these sensory systems [8]. Recasting the role of lower- and higher-order corti ...
... influences are integral to primary as well as higher-order cortical operations. Although chemosensory processes are not considered here, it is noteworthy that pervasive multisensory interactions are also characteristic of these sensory systems [8]. Recasting the role of lower- and higher-order corti ...
Myers Module Nine
... experiments, h-patients required less medication, recovered sooner, and left hospital earlier than non-h-patients. (Askay & Patterson, 2007 (mp112,cp110). ...
... experiments, h-patients required less medication, recovered sooner, and left hospital earlier than non-h-patients. (Askay & Patterson, 2007 (mp112,cp110). ...
Persistent perceptual delay for head movement onset
... difference in reaction times (RTs) between GVS, light, touch and sound stimuli. They found that RTs to GVS were significantly slower by 197 to 241 ms compared to the other stimuli. These results were surprising because of the fast transduction latencies of the vestibular afferents. In addition, peop ...
... difference in reaction times (RTs) between GVS, light, touch and sound stimuli. They found that RTs to GVS were significantly slower by 197 to 241 ms compared to the other stimuli. These results were surprising because of the fast transduction latencies of the vestibular afferents. In addition, peop ...
Perception
""Percept"", ""perceptual"", ""perceptible"" and ""imperceptible"" redirect here. For the Brian Blade album, see Perceptual (album). For the perceptibility of digital watermarks, see Digital watermarking#Perceptibility. For other uses, see Perception (disambiguation) and Percept (disambiguation).Perception (from the Latin perceptio, percipio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but is shaped by learning, memory, expectation, and attention.Perception can be split into two processes Firstly processing sensory input which transforms these low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). Secondly processing which is connected with person's concept and expectations (knowledge), and selective mechanisms (attention) that influence perception.Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness.Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th Century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. Sensory neuroscience studies the brain mechanisms underlying perception. Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process. Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver.Although the senses were traditionally viewed as passive receptors, the study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input. There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary.The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying. Human and animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information. Some of these modules take the form of sensory maps, mapping some aspect of the world across part of the brain's surface. These different modules are interconnected and influence each other. For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell.