• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Treatment of Juvenile X-Linked Retinoschisis with Topical Ketorolac
Treatment of Juvenile X-Linked Retinoschisis with Topical Ketorolac

... decreased vision in both eyes for many years. He denied any past medical or past ocular history. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/80 in both eyes. Cystoid macular schisis due to juvenile X-linked retinoschisis was diagnosed in both eyes based on ophthalmic exam, SD-OCT, and fluorescein angiograph ...
An introduction to Albinism
An introduction to Albinism

... 1 in 10,000 in Northern Ireland ...
Vitamin A and Lipid Storage Disease
Vitamin A and Lipid Storage Disease

... within the retina has some importance for preserving vision. Unlike cervonic acid (in either its bound form or as a phospholipid), vitamin A is transported to the PE cell where it is catalyzed to 11-cis retinal before it is transported to the photoreceptors. The PE cells act as a depot for vitamin A ...
Neuro-Ophthalmology - Blackwell Publishing
Neuro-Ophthalmology - Blackwell Publishing

... secondary to aneurysm, tumor, ischemia, trauma, or giant cell arteritis (GCA). The pupil is controlled by the efferent parasympathetics (miosis) that run in the inferior division of CN III, which innervates the medial and inferior recti. ...
Fundus changes in incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch
Fundus changes in incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch

... Cole and Cole, 1959; Jones, 1966; MenshehaManhert and others, 1975; Miller and Anderson, 1966; Zweifach, 1966). About one-third of the ocular defects involve a mass in the posterior chamber. The retinal dysplasia and associated retinal detachment seen in IP may be secondary to the underlying abnorma ...
The epidemiology and impact of blindness and vision loss in Australia
The epidemiology and impact of blindness and vision loss in Australia

... MD, but can help reduce the risk of advancing vision loss in selected cases. A third treatment, injections of vascular endothelial growth factor blocker, has been approved in the USA. ...
Case Presentation
Case Presentation

... condition in this age group is myopia – blurred vision at distance – can develop over several months ...
The Ear
The Ear

... • Three small bones in middle ear cavity: the malleus, incus, and stapes • Transmit vibratory motion of the eardrum to the oval window • Tensor tympani and stapedius muscles contract reflexively in response to loud sounds to prevent damage to the hearing receptors ...
Primary Eye Care Centre Vision Atlas Astigmatism
Primary Eye Care Centre Vision Atlas Astigmatism

... planes, or in all directions. In astigmatism, the front surface of the cornea is curved more in one direction than in the other. With the cornea's shape more like that of an American football or rugby ball than a basketball, the light hitting the more curved surface comes to a focus before that whic ...
Session 239 Embryology and morphogenesis of ocular
Session 239 Embryology and morphogenesis of ocular

... In addition, preliminary results show that mab21l2 is localized to the nucleus and is in the chromatin fraction, suggesting that it could be involved in transcriptional regulation. Yeast-2-hybrid results identified putative interactions with proteins that function in nuclear transport, cytoskeletal ...
Antisense-Oligonucleotides Targeting Tumor Necrosis
Antisense-Oligonucleotides Targeting Tumor Necrosis

... reach the overlying vitreous body, where inflammatory cells group around it. The necrotizing retina is mostly sharply demarcated adjacent to the intact retina. In the marginal areas, intranuclear inclusions can be noted histologically, and by electron microscopy, virus particles can be detected in t ...
What lasers can make you blind
What lasers can make you blind

... The classification of lasers is one of the procedures that are included in the so called CE-approval containing a lot of international standards. A classified l ...
Retinal Vein Occlusions - Kashyap Memorial Eye Hospital
Retinal Vein Occlusions - Kashyap Memorial Eye Hospital

... The intravenous fluorescein angiogram pattern of an ischemic central retinal vein occlusion is usually characterized by a delayed filling time of the venous tree of the retina, capillary and venous dilation, and extensive leaking of fluorescein into the retina, particularly in the macular area and i ...
Sense Organs - Ch. 15
Sense Organs - Ch. 15

... Are the olfactory receptors located in a good place for smelling delicate odors? No, that’s why we have to take a sharp sniff of air to smell something better. ...
Use of Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Variations
Use of Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Variations

... parafoveolar thicknesses with increasing myopia. They calculated average thicknesses for three concentric zones: 350, 1850, and 2850 ␮m in diameter and compared the groups with an ANOVA. For their data, perhaps a simple regression would yield results similar to ours. Subjects in that study were also ...
B2B Ophthalmology Toren Mar 29 2011
B2B Ophthalmology Toren Mar 29 2011

... List and interpret critical clinical and laboratory findings which were key in the processes of exclusion, differentiation, and diagnosis: Since vast majority of cases will be referred urgently, all tests will be arranged by specialist. Conduct an effective plan of management for a patient with acut ...
Ch. 6 med terms - Davis School District
Ch. 6 med terms - Davis School District

... vision problem caused by the fact that light rays entering the eye aren't focused on a single point in the back of the eye ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... how their answers by deductive reasoning and photographic evidence led to the conclusion that the optic disc may not be cupping, but instead sinking in its entirety. ...
single-cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in
single-cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in

... and plotted each of their ocular-dominance distributions separately (Fig. 2). It appears from these histograms that there is no very marked tendency for cells to be anatomically grouped by eye-preference: penetrations 2 and 4 represent the extremes in the two directions, of dominance by the ipsilate ...
Unusual persistent fetal vasculature presentation in a premature baby
Unusual persistent fetal vasculature presentation in a premature baby

... Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) is a congenital developmental disorder manifesting as a fibrovascular remnant of the embryonal hyaloid vascular system within the vitreal space. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) presents as varying degrees of non-vascularized retinal tissue with potentially devasta ...
Homeostatic Regulation of Photoreceptor Cell Integrity: Significance
Homeostatic Regulation of Photoreceptor Cell Integrity: Significance

... death. Integral to this demise is the close relationship between photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. In Stargardt’s disease (an early onset macular degeneration) and in other retinal degenerations in which RPE cell functional integrity is initially compromised photoreceptors a ...
Curriculum
Curriculum

... surfaces allow the light rays to be refracted so that they converge to form an image. The nodal point (N) in the diagram is the focal point where the nearly straight rays of light meet after passing through the biconvex lens. The light continues through the vitreous humor, the clear gel that makes u ...
Evolution of Vitreo Retinal Surgery
Evolution of Vitreo Retinal Surgery

... instruments for stiffness and stability, the training period for a surgeon when switching to 23-gauge is much shorter than with 25-gauge instruments. In addition, distinctly higher infusion and aspiration rates could safely be expected with the 23- gauge system than are obtained with the 25-gauge sy ...
PanOptic™ Ophthalmoscope 118 Series Directions for
PanOptic™ Ophthalmoscope 118 Series Directions for

... Ophthalmoscope may show disease of the eye itself or may reveal abnormalities indicative of disease elsewhere in the body. Among the most important of these are vascular changes due to diabetes or hypertension and swelling of the optic nerve head due to papilledema or optic neuritis. In this sense, ...
15.4 Structure and functions of the eye
15.4 Structure and functions of the eye

... Red cone ...
< 1 ... 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ... 81 >

Retina



The retina (/ˈrɛtɪnə/ RET-i-nə, pl. retinae, /ˈrɛtiniː/; from Latin rēte, meaning ""net"") is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera. Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses. These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, so the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It is the only part of the CNS that can be visualized non-invasively.The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support daytime vision and the perception of colour. A third, much rarer type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight.Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report