How human disturbance of tropical rainforest can influence avian
... that birds in disturbed forests were larger than those in other habitats, and hence were better able to reach the distal fruits. Coupled with differences in bird community composition among the forest types, this suggests that different suites of birds were removing fruit in primary versus disturbed ...
... that birds in disturbed forests were larger than those in other habitats, and hence were better able to reach the distal fruits. Coupled with differences in bird community composition among the forest types, this suggests that different suites of birds were removing fruit in primary versus disturbed ...
Why Beech - SUNY-ESF
... with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) comprise the dominants in the climax “northern hardwood forest”. Beech is widespread in all nine forest regions that comprise Lucy Braun’s classic 1950 treatise of the deciduous forests of eastern North America. It is a characteristic species of four of those ...
... with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) comprise the dominants in the climax “northern hardwood forest”. Beech is widespread in all nine forest regions that comprise Lucy Braun’s classic 1950 treatise of the deciduous forests of eastern North America. It is a characteristic species of four of those ...
The sampling and estimation of marine paleodiversity patterns
... tine 2009). Major West Pacific elements occur as far west of the Philippines-Indonesia core region (sometimes termed the ‘‘Coral Triangle’’; see Fig. 2) as East Africa, and as far east as Hawaii and Easter Island in the central Pacific, but these extensions harbor relatively few endemic genera. Thus ...
... tine 2009). Major West Pacific elements occur as far west of the Philippines-Indonesia core region (sometimes termed the ‘‘Coral Triangle’’; see Fig. 2) as East Africa, and as far east as Hawaii and Easter Island in the central Pacific, but these extensions harbor relatively few endemic genera. Thus ...
Master`s Project: An Ecological Assessment of Merck Forest
... corner. Each over 2500 feet, they influence wind patterns enough to sustain a constant breeze. ...
... corner. Each over 2500 feet, they influence wind patterns enough to sustain a constant breeze. ...
old-growth savannahs and tropical ecosystem
... refer to old-growth savannahs [9]: ancient ecosystems with a continuous herbaceous-stratum of ‘grassy’ plants (i.e. graminoids and forbs; [1]), including treeless tropical grasslands as well as grassy ecosystems with fire-tolerant trees (thus encompassing many systems commonly referred to as woodlan ...
... refer to old-growth savannahs [9]: ancient ecosystems with a continuous herbaceous-stratum of ‘grassy’ plants (i.e. graminoids and forbs; [1]), including treeless tropical grasslands as well as grassy ecosystems with fire-tolerant trees (thus encompassing many systems commonly referred to as woodlan ...
Distribution and effects of tree leaf litter on
... Eriksson 2006; Violle et al. 2006). In a meta-analysis across several ecosystem types, including forests, Xiong and Nilsson (1999) identified this threshold at an amount of ~200 g m−2 or a layer thickness >1.5 cm, while Loydi et al. (2013) reported a tipping point at 500 g m−2 for grass litter in g ...
... Eriksson 2006; Violle et al. 2006). In a meta-analysis across several ecosystem types, including forests, Xiong and Nilsson (1999) identified this threshold at an amount of ~200 g m−2 or a layer thickness >1.5 cm, while Loydi et al. (2013) reported a tipping point at 500 g m−2 for grass litter in g ...
- Wiley Online Library
... been developed for irrigation farming and not a single remnant is known to survive. Topography and soils appear to be the major factors promoting grasslands. They occurred on flat plains on clay loam and loam topsoils, above a clay subsoil. Burning by Aboriginals probably affected plant composition ...
... been developed for irrigation farming and not a single remnant is known to survive. Topography and soils appear to be the major factors promoting grasslands. They occurred on flat plains on clay loam and loam topsoils, above a clay subsoil. Burning by Aboriginals probably affected plant composition ...
Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies in Tropical Grasslands: Model
... these mobile mammals is highly variable, however, and tropical grasslands typically have an abundance of non-mobile large mammals that may be important sources of food. Equally significant, grasslands in different climatic zones vary in the density and availability of plant foods edible by people, a ...
... these mobile mammals is highly variable, however, and tropical grasslands typically have an abundance of non-mobile large mammals that may be important sources of food. Equally significant, grasslands in different climatic zones vary in the density and availability of plant foods edible by people, a ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Hanley et al. 2007), and therefore confer slower growth but higher survival rates (Poorter & Bongers 2006). Similarly, denser wood correlates with lower sapwood conductivity, lower wood water storage and thinner bark, but greater resistance to xylem cavitation (Bucci et al. 2004; Santiago et al. 200 ...
... Hanley et al. 2007), and therefore confer slower growth but higher survival rates (Poorter & Bongers 2006). Similarly, denser wood correlates with lower sapwood conductivity, lower wood water storage and thinner bark, but greater resistance to xylem cavitation (Bucci et al. 2004; Santiago et al. 200 ...
Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758
... Hanley et al. 2007), and therefore confer slower growth but higher survival rates (Poorter & Bongers 2006). Similarly, denser wood correlates with lower sapwood conductivity, lower wood water storage and thinner bark, but greater resistance to xylem cavitation (Bucci et al. 2004; Santiago et al. 200 ...
... Hanley et al. 2007), and therefore confer slower growth but higher survival rates (Poorter & Bongers 2006). Similarly, denser wood correlates with lower sapwood conductivity, lower wood water storage and thinner bark, but greater resistance to xylem cavitation (Bucci et al. 2004; Santiago et al. 200 ...
2014, vol 24 - Department of Biological Sciences
... The order of authorship on papers is usually alphabetical or haphazard, because all authors contribute equally on projects. For each paper there is a faculty editor (indicated after the author listing), who takes responsibility for defining the revisions, and decides on the acceptability of manuscri ...
... The order of authorship on papers is usually alphabetical or haphazard, because all authors contribute equally on projects. For each paper there is a faculty editor (indicated after the author listing), who takes responsibility for defining the revisions, and decides on the acceptability of manuscri ...
In October of 1852, Henry David Thoreau went for a... hemlock forests within and outside the current range of the
... have sought to investigate the history of these stands over the past few hundred years using pollen analysis of the stratigraphic record contained in small hollow or vernal pools (see Long-term Stand Dynamics, above) and organic humus layers in conifer forests. In studies in north central Massachuse ...
... have sought to investigate the history of these stands over the past few hundred years using pollen analysis of the stratigraphic record contained in small hollow or vernal pools (see Long-term Stand Dynamics, above) and organic humus layers in conifer forests. In studies in north central Massachuse ...
` ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS LIMITING TROPICAL
... The soil seed banks for all the habitats were mainly dominated by the herbaceous species. A vertical distribution of seeds in the seed bank revealed a high density in the upper soil layers for the secondary grassland, shrubland, natural glade and plantation. However, the burnt glade and the natural ...
... The soil seed banks for all the habitats were mainly dominated by the herbaceous species. A vertical distribution of seeds in the seed bank revealed a high density in the upper soil layers for the secondary grassland, shrubland, natural glade and plantation. However, the burnt glade and the natural ...
Land-use intensification reduces functional redundancy and
... Globally, changing land-use patterns is the most important driver of biodiversity loss (Sala et al. 2000). Land-use change involves two main impacts on the biosphere: conversion (i.e. natural habitats altered for human use) and intensification (e.g. greater intensity and ⁄ or frequency of disturbanc ...
... Globally, changing land-use patterns is the most important driver of biodiversity loss (Sala et al. 2000). Land-use change involves two main impacts on the biosphere: conversion (i.e. natural habitats altered for human use) and intensification (e.g. greater intensity and ⁄ or frequency of disturbanc ...
Biodiversity in the Cacao Agroecosystem
... farm is a highly modified form – consists of a large number of microhabitats, each of which supports a high diversity of specialized organisms. In addition, many organisms depend upon these microhabitats for a critical stage in their life cycle. Management that removes or modifies any of these micro ...
... farm is a highly modified form – consists of a large number of microhabitats, each of which supports a high diversity of specialized organisms. In addition, many organisms depend upon these microhabitats for a critical stage in their life cycle. Management that removes or modifies any of these micro ...
The deterioration of tall wheatgrass pastures on saline sodic soils
... Soil Type ‘B” This soil had the most severe constraints for plant establishment and growth and, for that reason, the most bare surface. It was only in this soil type that algae (Nostoc sp) appeared as an important component of the plant community (Table 1). Ground cover of live vegetation was signif ...
... Soil Type ‘B” This soil had the most severe constraints for plant establishment and growth and, for that reason, the most bare surface. It was only in this soil type that algae (Nostoc sp) appeared as an important component of the plant community (Table 1). Ground cover of live vegetation was signif ...
Diversity of Interactions: A Metric for Studies of Biodiversity
... Ideally, a quantitative approach to measuring the properties of food webs should include quantified information on trophic interactions for all trophic levels and involves all species in a community, but such an approach is impractical for most reasonably diverse communities (Lewis et al. 2002). Qua ...
... Ideally, a quantitative approach to measuring the properties of food webs should include quantified information on trophic interactions for all trophic levels and involves all species in a community, but such an approach is impractical for most reasonably diverse communities (Lewis et al. 2002). Qua ...
Chronic nitrogen deposition alters the structure and function of
... significant links between soil fauna communities and decomposition rates have been observed in the field (Neher et al. 2012). Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is a pervasive agent of global environmental change (Vitousek et al. 1997). Over the past 150 years, atmospheric N deposition has increase ...
... significant links between soil fauna communities and decomposition rates have been observed in the field (Neher et al. 2012). Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is a pervasive agent of global environmental change (Vitousek et al. 1997). Over the past 150 years, atmospheric N deposition has increase ...
Are We Missing the Forest for the Trees?
... My family is well-‐‑known as the most bizarrely supportive group in the world. This is a fact for which I am endlessly grateful. It’s because of their tireless support that I survived this Ph.D. ...
... My family is well-‐‑known as the most bizarrely supportive group in the world. This is a fact for which I am endlessly grateful. It’s because of their tireless support that I survived this Ph.D. ...
4 Fragmentation and Edge Effects on Plant–Animal
... Forest fragmentation and its effects Global forest fragmentation has been documented extensively, with an emphasis on the substantial loss of tropical rainforests in Central Africa and Amazonia (Fearnside, 1996; Justice et al., 2001; Semazzi and Yi, 2001; Zhang et al., 2001). The tropical montane fo ...
... Forest fragmentation and its effects Global forest fragmentation has been documented extensively, with an emphasis on the substantial loss of tropical rainforests in Central Africa and Amazonia (Fearnside, 1996; Justice et al., 2001; Semazzi and Yi, 2001; Zhang et al., 2001). The tropical montane fo ...
File - DavidRudeClassInfo
... Primary succession (continued) • Examples – Volcanic lava flow – Glaciers retreating – Lower of sea level • Takes a long time – Few available nutrients for plants ...
... Primary succession (continued) • Examples – Volcanic lava flow – Glaciers retreating – Lower of sea level • Takes a long time – Few available nutrients for plants ...
Disturbance - Paul Keddy
... 6.2.4 Area This is self-explanatory, but it bears mention because it reminds one of at least one way to rank disturbances in terms of their ecological significance. Disturbances that affect huge areas will usually demand more attention than those influencing smaller areas. Hurricanes, for example, a ...
... 6.2.4 Area This is self-explanatory, but it bears mention because it reminds one of at least one way to rank disturbances in terms of their ecological significance. Disturbances that affect huge areas will usually demand more attention than those influencing smaller areas. Hurricanes, for example, a ...
Ecological restoration and management in boreal forests
... Many herb-rich forest habitat types and species are also classified as threatened. The most important causes of their decline are the clearance of forests to create fields, the spread of Norway spruce, and a shortage of deadwood. Other factors include building developments and erosion as a consequen ...
... Many herb-rich forest habitat types and species are also classified as threatened. The most important causes of their decline are the clearance of forests to create fields, the spread of Norway spruce, and a shortage of deadwood. Other factors include building developments and erosion as a consequen ...
Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes
... the effects of manipulated access of birds and bats to our 15 cacao agroforestry study sites which differed in local shade tree management and distance to primary forest. The effects of single or simultaneous bird and bat exclusions are related to an unmanipulated control treatment on each site. The ...
... the effects of manipulated access of birds and bats to our 15 cacao agroforestry study sites which differed in local shade tree management and distance to primary forest. The effects of single or simultaneous bird and bat exclusions are related to an unmanipulated control treatment on each site. The ...
Tropical rainforest
A tropical rainforest is a biome type that occurs roughly within the latitudes 28 degrees north or south of the equator (in the equatorial zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn). This ecosystem experiences high average temperatures and a significant amount of rainfall. These rainforests can be found in Asia; Australia; Africa; South America; Central America; the U.S. of Florida and Hawaii; as well as Mexico and on many of the Pacific, Caribbean, and Indian Ocean islands. Within the World Wildlife Fund's biome classification, tropical rainforests are a type of tropical wet forest (or tropical moist broadleaf forest) and may also be referred to as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest.