Title Primary succession on a seasonal tropical rocky shore: The
... site, means that algae can achieve a spatial escape from consumption, and where this occurs competition between producers is important in assemblage development. Mucus appeared to play a limited role, only sometimes stimulating initial stages of unicellular cyanobacteria and macroalgae. With the ons ...
... site, means that algae can achieve a spatial escape from consumption, and where this occurs competition between producers is important in assemblage development. Mucus appeared to play a limited role, only sometimes stimulating initial stages of unicellular cyanobacteria and macroalgae. With the ons ...
Seedling emergence, growth, and allocation of Oriental bittersweet
... energy to hypocotyl growth in order to penetrate the litter layer, leaving less energy for allocation to the radicle and cotyledons. Such changes in allocation result in spindly, less sturdy seedlings with reduced ability to capture light, water, and nutrients (Facelli and Pickett, 1991a,b; Peterson ...
... energy to hypocotyl growth in order to penetrate the litter layer, leaving less energy for allocation to the radicle and cotyledons. Such changes in allocation result in spindly, less sturdy seedlings with reduced ability to capture light, water, and nutrients (Facelli and Pickett, 1991a,b; Peterson ...
Living Things
... data from two locations. The graph shows the monthly average temperatures in the two locations. The total yearly precipitation in Location A is 250 cm. In Location B, the total yearly precipitation is 14 cm. ...
... data from two locations. The graph shows the monthly average temperatures in the two locations. The total yearly precipitation in Location A is 250 cm. In Location B, the total yearly precipitation is 14 cm. ...
Addendum To General Technical Report SE
... deciduous forest. We created 12 canopy gaps under two contrasting understory conditions: 6 gaps were dominated by the dense, shadeproducing shrub, Rhododendron maximum L., while the remaining gaps were relatively open. Density of first-year and > first-year seedlings was monitored for 5 years in tra ...
... deciduous forest. We created 12 canopy gaps under two contrasting understory conditions: 6 gaps were dominated by the dense, shadeproducing shrub, Rhododendron maximum L., while the remaining gaps were relatively open. Density of first-year and > first-year seedlings was monitored for 5 years in tra ...
Document
... plant material, thereby contributing to the mixing of organic matter and mineral soil. This improves aggregate stability and increases the surface of organic material so that it is more readily colonised and decomposed by soil bacteria and fungi (Lavelle et al., 1997). Examples have shown that soil ...
... plant material, thereby contributing to the mixing of organic matter and mineral soil. This improves aggregate stability and increases the surface of organic material so that it is more readily colonised and decomposed by soil bacteria and fungi (Lavelle et al., 1997). Examples have shown that soil ...
Downloaded
... Shifts in CWM values generally followed logarithmic patterns for all investigated traits, whereas community k-rates remained stable along the successional gradient. In summary, the shifts in CWM values indicate a change in community resource use strategy from high nutrient acquisition to nutrient re ...
... Shifts in CWM values generally followed logarithmic patterns for all investigated traits, whereas community k-rates remained stable along the successional gradient. In summary, the shifts in CWM values indicate a change in community resource use strategy from high nutrient acquisition to nutrient re ...
shifts in community leaf functional traits are
... Shifts in CWM values generally followed logarithmic patterns for all investigated traits, whereas community k-rates remained stable along the successional gradient. In summary, the shifts in CWM values indicate a change in community resource use strategy from high nutrient acquisition to nutrient re ...
... Shifts in CWM values generally followed logarithmic patterns for all investigated traits, whereas community k-rates remained stable along the successional gradient. In summary, the shifts in CWM values indicate a change in community resource use strategy from high nutrient acquisition to nutrient re ...
Rapid Tropical Forest Inventory: a Comparison of Techniques Based
... for use in inventory: occurrence metric, measured for individual taxa (e.g., presence-absence); taxonomic resolution, the level to which stems are identified; diameter class, the classes included in inventory; and taxonomic scope, the taxon or taxa included in inventory. Using these four classes and ...
... for use in inventory: occurrence metric, measured for individual taxa (e.g., presence-absence); taxonomic resolution, the level to which stems are identified; diameter class, the classes included in inventory; and taxonomic scope, the taxon or taxa included in inventory. Using these four classes and ...
fires, ecological effects of
... burning more rapidly than woody plants and can carry very frequent fires (1–3 years) in productive sites. Although many grasslands burn readily, few species have an obligate dependence on burning. Fire-stimulated flowering is rare but has been reported in many mostly temperate tussock grass species, i ...
... burning more rapidly than woody plants and can carry very frequent fires (1–3 years) in productive sites. Although many grasslands burn readily, few species have an obligate dependence on burning. Fire-stimulated flowering is rare but has been reported in many mostly temperate tussock grass species, i ...
BIODIVERSITY AND LITTER DECOMPOSITION IN
... et al. 2001, Roy 2001). Much less is known about how biodiversity affects other key ecosystem processes, such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. In terrestrial ecosystems, the above- and belowground plant-litter input constitutes the main resource of energy and matter for an extraordinarily dive ...
... et al. 2001, Roy 2001). Much less is known about how biodiversity affects other key ecosystem processes, such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. In terrestrial ecosystems, the above- and belowground plant-litter input constitutes the main resource of energy and matter for an extraordinarily dive ...
Herbivore damage along a latitudinal gradient: relative
... temperate eucalypt species had lower levels of herbivory (7%) compared to more tropical species (10.5%), but had higher herbivory levels than evergreen oak leaves from North America (4%). However, it is also possible that the previously reported latitudinal gradient in herbivory is an artefact arisi ...
... temperate eucalypt species had lower levels of herbivory (7%) compared to more tropical species (10.5%), but had higher herbivory levels than evergreen oak leaves from North America (4%). However, it is also possible that the previously reported latitudinal gradient in herbivory is an artefact arisi ...
guidelines for urban forest restoration
... time, in the process of restoring more than 1,600 acres of natural areas, including 1,400 acres of forest, NRG has developed, borrowed, and shared new restoration techniques with a broad range of practitioners across the country. Key documents related to improving the practice of urban ecological re ...
... time, in the process of restoring more than 1,600 acres of natural areas, including 1,400 acres of forest, NRG has developed, borrowed, and shared new restoration techniques with a broad range of practitioners across the country. Key documents related to improving the practice of urban ecological re ...
TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS Location Temperate
... can be well over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, while winter temperatures can be as low as -‐40 degrees Fahrenheit. They typically have between 10 and 35 inches of precipitation a year, much of it occurrin ...
... can be well over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, while winter temperatures can be as low as -‐40 degrees Fahrenheit. They typically have between 10 and 35 inches of precipitation a year, much of it occurrin ...
report - Oregon State University
... area (Fig. 1). The elevation, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation ranged from 700 to 1600 m, 10.9–6.3 °C, and 212–415 mm, respectively. The climate of the area is characterized by warm/dry summers and cool/ snowy winters. Sites were constrained to publicly accessible land (Bureau o ...
... area (Fig. 1). The elevation, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation ranged from 700 to 1600 m, 10.9–6.3 °C, and 212–415 mm, respectively. The climate of the area is characterized by warm/dry summers and cool/ snowy winters. Sites were constrained to publicly accessible land (Bureau o ...
PDF
... Three sites were chosen along the east coast of Australia, in New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland (QLD), in such a way as to give rise to contrasts both of temperature and of precipitation (site details in Table 1, site photographs in S1 Fig). A cool temperate forest site was located in Kosciuszko ...
... Three sites were chosen along the east coast of Australia, in New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland (QLD), in such a way as to give rise to contrasts both of temperature and of precipitation (site details in Table 1, site photographs in S1 Fig). A cool temperate forest site was located in Kosciuszko ...
the fern understory as an ecological filter
... an ecological filter shaping the density, species composition, size structure, and spatial distribution of the seedling bank. In New England deciduous forests we tested the hypothesis that the understory stratum is a selective filter that differentially influences growth and survival of tree-seedlin ...
... an ecological filter shaping the density, species composition, size structure, and spatial distribution of the seedling bank. In New England deciduous forests we tested the hypothesis that the understory stratum is a selective filter that differentially influences growth and survival of tree-seedlin ...
mangrove ecology
... low light levels, which exceeds the tolerance limits of plants (Lugo 1986). An understory may develop, for example, where the canopy is open (allowing light penetration to the forest floor) or where rainfall or freshwater runoff lowers salinity levels. There may also be a second layer composed of ma ...
... low light levels, which exceeds the tolerance limits of plants (Lugo 1986). An understory may develop, for example, where the canopy is open (allowing light penetration to the forest floor) or where rainfall or freshwater runoff lowers salinity levels. There may also be a second layer composed of ma ...
Mitchell`s rainforest snail - Office of Environment and Heritage
... of small remnants is typically judged from a large vertebrate-focussed perspective, and the conservation value of these sites for invertebrate species is often not appreciated ...
... of small remnants is typically judged from a large vertebrate-focussed perspective, and the conservation value of these sites for invertebrate species is often not appreciated ...
Wet eucalypt forest and woodland
... since been added to the mapping. Woodlands are included where the canopy is less than 50% solid crown cover. The wet eucalypt woodlands in many cases exist only in areas where many trees have died of old age and there has been no recruitment because of the absence of significant disturbance. Commonl ...
... since been added to the mapping. Woodlands are included where the canopy is less than 50% solid crown cover. The wet eucalypt woodlands in many cases exist only in areas where many trees have died of old age and there has been no recruitment because of the absence of significant disturbance. Commonl ...
Striga asiatica
... succulent shoots that attach to host roots via a horstorium. By this means the parasitic plant develops underground until it produces a stem that surfaces. The above ground parts of mature plants have green foliage sparsely covered with coarse, short, white, hairs. Plants are normally 15-30 cm tall ...
... succulent shoots that attach to host roots via a horstorium. By this means the parasitic plant develops underground until it produces a stem that surfaces. The above ground parts of mature plants have green foliage sparsely covered with coarse, short, white, hairs. Plants are normally 15-30 cm tall ...
Global ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) biodiversity and biogeography
... compile a global database of ant biodiversity studies. This collaboration began after the development of a separate database focusing on North American ants by Dunn (with collaboration from Lessard, Sanders, Laurent, and Fitzpatrick). Once the North American database included nearly all of the publi ...
... compile a global database of ant biodiversity studies. This collaboration began after the development of a separate database focusing on North American ants by Dunn (with collaboration from Lessard, Sanders, Laurent, and Fitzpatrick). Once the North American database included nearly all of the publi ...
绵羊口液对羊草(Leymus chinensis)再生生长的作用 及其生理机制
... Effects on particular populations, but only recently on community structure and dynamics. Few ...
... Effects on particular populations, but only recently on community structure and dynamics. Few ...
Boreal Forests
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
Boreal Forests
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
How human disturbance of tropical rainforest can influence avian
... that birds in disturbed forests were larger than those in other habitats, and hence were better able to reach the distal fruits. Coupled with differences in bird community composition among the forest types, this suggests that different suites of birds were removing fruit in primary versus disturbed ...
... that birds in disturbed forests were larger than those in other habitats, and hence were better able to reach the distal fruits. Coupled with differences in bird community composition among the forest types, this suggests that different suites of birds were removing fruit in primary versus disturbed ...
Tropical rainforest
A tropical rainforest is a biome type that occurs roughly within the latitudes 28 degrees north or south of the equator (in the equatorial zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn). This ecosystem experiences high average temperatures and a significant amount of rainfall. These rainforests can be found in Asia; Australia; Africa; South America; Central America; the U.S. of Florida and Hawaii; as well as Mexico and on many of the Pacific, Caribbean, and Indian Ocean islands. Within the World Wildlife Fund's biome classification, tropical rainforests are a type of tropical wet forest (or tropical moist broadleaf forest) and may also be referred to as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest.